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1.
红肉脐橙果肉中主要色素的定性及色素含量的变化 总被引：23，自引：3，他引：23
运用薄层层析法及二极管阵列检测器与高效液相色谱联用的方法, 确定红肉脐橙果肉中含有番茄红素和β- 胡萝卜素两种主要色素, 它们在液相色谱图中占总峰面积(计溶剂峰) 的73. 57 %～77. 78 % , 番茄红素占55. 36 %～58. 49 % , β- 胡萝卜素占18. 21 %～19. 93 %。利用反相高效液相色谱仪以及番茄红素和β- 胡萝卜素标样制作标准曲线, 测定果实发育及室温贮存过程中色素的变化动态, 结果表明, 该脐橙果肉中的番茄红素在成熟期含量最高, 达109. 67μg·g-1DM, β- 胡萝卜素此时也达到最高值(15. 52μg·g-1DM) ; 番茄红素的含量在采收后基本呈下降趋势(但采后30 d 有显著升高) , 说明果肉中存在类胡萝卜素采后合成的现象; 贮存4 个月后, 番茄红素含量急剧降低至最高时的1/ 10。 相似文献
2.
以首次引进江西南昌地区的美青、布里吉塔、莱茜、维尔、美蓝、园蓝、粉蓝、杰兔、芭尔徳温和灿烂共10个蓝莓品种为试材,对其果实营养品质及色素含量进行分析。结果表明,Vc含量最高的是美蓝（0.344 mg/g）和芭尔徳温（0.343 mg/g）蓝莓;美青蓝莓可溶性糖含量最高,达10.22%;莱茜和灿烂的可滴定酸含量最低,分别是0.98%和0.99%;糖酸比最高的是灿烂（10.285）,其次是园蓝（9.32）。在果实色素含量方面,园蓝的花青苷和类胡萝卜素含量最高,分别为1.921 mg/g、0.039 mg/g,而粉蓝的类黄酮含量最高（1.163 mg/g）。总体而言,园蓝蓝莓的营养价值较高,含有较丰富的花青苷。 相似文献
3.
甘蓝型黄籽油菜RAPD和种皮色素遗传多样性 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
以不同遗传背景的 14个甘蓝型黄籽油菜为材料 ,通过分析种皮内色素的种类、色素含量、蛋白质与含油量、RAPD标记等 ,研究了甘蓝型黄籽油菜资源的遗传多样性。结果表明 ,影响种皮色泽的色素主要为黑色素和花色素 ,根据其含量的不同 ,可分为高花色素类、高黑色素类和低色素类等 3个类群。其中 ,高花色素类的种子种皮花色素含量 >2 .5 4mg·g-1DW ,种子呈纯黄或橙黄色 ;高黑色素类种子的种皮色素含量 >178.4U(A2 90mm) ,种皮呈浅黑色 ,种子颜色为黑黄色 ;低色素类种子种皮的黑色素和花色素含量均较低 ,种皮半透明 ,种子部分因显现出胚的颜色而呈纯黄、绿黄或褐黄色。种子含油量为 36 .2 %～ 45 .5 %,蛋白质含量达 2 1.1%～ 2 7.7%,二者呈极显著负相关。对RAPD扩增结果进行UPGMA分析 ,发现甘蓝型黄籽油菜DNA存在着丰富的多态性 ,遗传相似系数为0 .2 5～ 0 .90 9,14个甘蓝型黄籽油菜材料可被划分为 2个类群。 相似文献
4.
The effect of girdling on abscisic acid, carotenoids content, xanthophylls cycle and non-photoquemical quenching was studied in leaves from different shoot types of containerized two-year-old ‘Loretina’ mandarin during spring flush period. Girdling increased abscisic acid in young leaves and decreased it in mature leaves. These changes were accompanied by a significant increase in leaf carotenoids, carotenoids:chlorophylls ratio, xanthophylls and xanthophylls cycle pool size and its de-epoxidation state in vegetative and multiflowered young leafy shoots. However, changes in de-epoxidation state did not correlate with the energy-dependent non-photochemical quenching. The role of carotenoids and abscisic acid as photoprotecting agents during the oxidative stress caused by girdling is discussed. In conclusion, this study provides evidence linking carotenoids-based photoprotecting mechanisms in the response to the stress induced by girdling in Citrus trees. 相似文献
5.
Two experiments were carried out during two successive seasons to investigate the response of Dracocephalum moldavica L. (dragonhead) to various plant densities and compost applications. Compost levels had a promoting influence on most of vegetative growth parameters and accelerated essential oil accumulation and chemical constituents including total carbohydrate and photosynthetic pigments content. Similarly, wider plant spacing showed the greatest effect on growth components and chemical constituents. Generally, the maximum rate of compost (39.6 t/ha) combined with wider distance between plants (40 cm) had a favorable effect on most of growth characters. The same treatment gave the highest mean value for essential oil yield during the first season while the same compost rate combined with the medium distance (30 cm) gave the highest value during the second season. The main constituent of the essential oil was linalool followed by geranial. On the other hand, compost levels combined with different distances had a pronounced effect on the various essential oil constituents. It can be decisived that there is no significant difference between wider distance (40 cm) and medium one (30 cm); so, it can be recommended to apply the maximum level of compost (39.6 t/ha) combined with medium distance. 相似文献
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7.
In this study, we have investigated the effects of Porphyridium cruentum (Rodophyta) as a natural pigment source and astaxanthin and β-carotene as synthetic pigment sources on the skin colour of
cichlid fish (Cichlasoma severum sp., Heckel 1840), which are generally light orange with white patches and becomes shiny orange in the reproductive phase.
The fish were fed diets containing 50 mg kg−1 astaxanthin and β-carotene, and P. cruentum powder. The amount of both natural and synthetic pigment sources given as feed was 50 mg kg−1, and the experiment was continued for 50 days. Total carotenoid content of the fish was determined spectrophotometrically
at the end of the experiment. As a result, while a visible change of colour in the skin of the fish fed on the feed containing
astaxanthin was observed with 0.34 ± 0.2 mg g−1 of pigment accumulation, a relatively small change of colour was observed in the skin of other fish that were fed on the
feed containing P. cruentum and β-carotene with 0.22 ± 0.2 mg g−1 and 0.26 ± 0.1 mg g−1 of pigment accumulations, respectively. Therefore, it was determined that these pigment sources have an effect on the colour
of cichlid fish. 相似文献
8.
Urban background air pollution is the lowest level of pollution representative for the exposure of general urban population and mainly originates from non-local sources of pollution. Moss bag technique has been predominantly adopted for biomonitoring of trace elements across anthropogenically devastated areas, such as urban and industrial zones. However, the technique has been rarely used for measurement of background air pollution. In this study, element content and concomitant physiological parameters were assessed in the moss Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. after its exposure within the bags in the Botanical garden (Belgrade, Serbia), as the presumable background area. During the summer of 2014, the moss bags were exposed for 60 days in total, and the sample analyses were performed every 15 days. As a control of the measured physiological parameters, a set of the moss bags was kept within the phytotron, under conditions of optimal-like growth. The total content of 21 elements, photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls and carotenoids), phenolics, and antioxidative capacity were determined in the moss samples. The levels of trace elements were markedly lower within the Botanical garden in comparison to the street ambient, but still significantly higher than in the moss pristine habitat. However, the performed physiological tests indicated that the vulnerability of the moss during exposure time was not caused by the low trace element enrichment, but probably by the harsh meteorological parameters in an urban area. Finally, the Botanical garden could be assumed as control site for measurement of the urban background pollution, and it might be effectively measured by the moss bag technique. 相似文献
9.
桔皮色素超声波提取工艺的研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
[目的]探讨超声波提取桔皮色素的适宜条件。[方法]单因素试验研究超声波提取桔皮色素的提取工艺,正交试验确定最佳提取工艺,并与传统热回流提取法进行比较。[结果]选择95%乙醇作为浸提剂。随着提取温度的升高、提取时间的延长、料液比的增加和提取次数的增多,桔皮色素的提取量呈增加趋势,最佳提取工艺是:提取溶剂95%乙醇,料液比1∶6,提取温度50℃,提取3次,每次提取15min,此条件下提取的桔皮色素的吸光度明显大于热回流提取的色素的吸光度。[结论]该研究为桔皮的进一步综合利用提供了参考依据。 相似文献
10.
Raúl Ochoa-Hueso Rebecca R. Hernandez José J. Pueyo 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2011,43(9):1894-1901
Despite the critical role of biological soil crusts (BSCs) in arid and semi-arid ecosystem function, few studies are found concerning the most important environmental variables affecting their distribution and physiology. This study seeks to determine soil and microenvironmental factors affecting the spatial distribution and pigment production of BSC-forming lichens and mosses in open patches of a semi-arid Mediterranean kermes oak thicket. We measured late-successional BSC cover, shrub cover, distance to nearest kermes oak (to test for effects of kermes oak thicket microenvironment on BSC), and pigment concentration of one lichen (Cladonia foliacea) and one moss (Pleurochaete squarrosa) species in the Nature Reserve El Regajal-Mar de Ontígola (Central Spain). At the macroscale (>0.5 m), results showed that BSC distribution and pigments were tightly coupled to a suite of soil properties, in particular soil pH, Fe, and Ca. Specifically, soil pH had a positive relationship with the cover of five individual BSC-forming lichen species and was negatively related to pigment production in C. foliacea. When pH was excluded from the analysis, Ca appeared as the main soil variable and was correlated with total BSC cover and total lichen cover. The micronutrient Fe had a significant positive relationship with the concentration of eight pigments in P. squarrosa and was also coupled with the cover of two BSC-forming lichens. Manganese, previously proposed as a key limiting micronutrient for BSCs, affected lichen diversity in a negative way. At the microscale (∼0.5 m), kermes oak microenvironment, shrub cover, and moss cover were determinants of BSC distribution, and total lichen and total BSC cover were overrepresented on N and E-facing shrub microsites. Our findings suggest that soil chemical variability and microsite diversity created by neighbouring vegetation affect BSC distribution in complex and essential ways and that studies aiming to explore BSC-environment relationships should be conducted at various spatial scales. Studies based on species- or group-specific responses are, thus, inadequate to unveil the main factors determining the distribution of the diverse organisms that constitute BSCs and/or to propose potential tools aiming to restore BSC in arid and semiarid ecosystems. 相似文献