海岛棉综合性状数据库的研制及应用     

由宝昌  梅拥军 《塔里木大学学报》1994,6(2):1-6

本文详细介绍了300份海岛棉种质材料的30个性状记录所建立的综合性状数据库系统的数据来源,软件设计思想,系统功能和特点,数据库管理和统计分析两个子系统间的通讯。该系统的研制对海岛棉种质资源的加工利用和育种工作提供了大量重要信息。  相似文献   

Determining spatial feed distribution in sea cage aquaculture using an aerial camera platform     

《Aquacultural Engineering》2019

Within this paper we describe an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) based method to estimate the spatial feed pellet distribution in salmon fish-cages and exploit it within a case study to determine the radial pellet distribution for different rotor spreaders and blower configurations. Compared to previously used methods, capturing pellets thrown from a rotary feed spreader in rows of Styrofoam boxes, the UAV based method is simpler and faster to setup and allows to cover a larger portion of the sea cage surface area. We compare results obtained with the Styrofoam box method with results we obtained by an automatic analysis of aerial videos taken by the UAV during feeding experiments. The employed method helps to gain insight into the spatial feed pellet distribution in full-scale salmon fish-cages where the feeding pipe and actual fixation of the spreader may influence the dynamic behaviour of the feeding system. This can also be seen as a step towards a continuous measuring of the feed pellet distribution, particularly in view of possible future feeding systems that may allow to adapt the feed pellet distribution to the actual fish distribution.  相似文献   

Detection and classification of Lepeophterius salmonis (Krøyer, 1837) using underwater hyperspectral imaging     

《Aquacultural Engineering》2019

Salmon louse, or sea lice, (Lepoptherius salmonis) represents practical, economical and fish welfare challenges for salmon farming (Hamre et al., 2013) and for the free-living stocks of salmon. There is an urgent need in the industry for a system that provides reliable numbers of louse on farmed salmon. Underwater hyperspectral imaging represents a potential new technique for louse counting in sea cages. In laboratory studies, the UHI technology could detect and classify pre-adults (pre-adult I and II), adult males and adult females (ovigerous) of sea lice based on the difference in their spectral characteristics. A model was built for detection of lice on the salmon and the UHI had a detection success ranging from 67 to 100 % with an average of 82%. A classification of the detected lice was performed for pre-adults, adult males and ovigerous lice and had a prediction accuracy of 85% when lice were divided into three groups (pre-adults, adult male and ovigerous lice) and 93% when lice were divided in two groups, ovigerous lice and all the other mobile lice (pre-adults and adult male). An automatic procedure for in situ measurements of louse infected salmon could deliver a data basis several times higher than the traditional counting system. The next generation of UHI louse detector should be developed with a higher spatial resolution to be able to detect also the sessile stages of lice. For succeeding with in situ classification of L. salmonis, correction algorithms to compensate for the impact of water between the UHI and lice need also to be developed.  相似文献   

南海资源开发战略的国际经验比较与借鉴     

吴杰  符振峰  宁凌 《河北渔业》2015,(8)

众所周知,21世纪是海洋的世纪,发展海洋经济将成为世界各国的重要战略目标之一。南海作为中国海域面积最大、资源最丰富的外海,也将成为我国打造海洋强国战略目标的核心海域。而因其独特的区位因素和丰富的油气资源,引起了东南亚沿岸各国间的相互争夺,从而形成了"六国七方"的混乱局面。本文从主权争议,岛屿归属,南海资源开发(渔业资源开发,油气开采)等方面出发,研究我国南海资源开发过程中所面临的具体问题,并借鉴美、英、日、韩等国经验,寻求一种综合性解决南海资源开发的办法。  相似文献   

From regionally predictable to locally complex population structure in a freshwater top predator: river systems are not always the unit of connectivity in Northern Pike Esox lucius          下载免费PDF全文

Dorte Bekkevold  Lene Jacobsen  Jakob Hemmer‐Hansen  Søren Berg  Christian Skov 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2015,24(2):305-316

Contemporary genetic diversity is the product of both historical and contemporary forces, such as climatic and geological processes affecting range distribution and continuously moulded by evolutionary forces selection, gene flow and genetic drift. Predatory freshwater fishes, such as Northern Pike Esox lucius, commonly exhibit small population sizes, and several local populations are considered endangered. Pike inhabit diverse habitat types, including lakes, rivers and brackish marine waters, thus spanning from small isolated patches to large open marine systems. However, pike population structure from local to regional scales is relatively poorly described, in spite of its significance to developing conservation measures. We analysed microsatellite variation in a total of 1185 North European pike from 46 samples collected across both local and regional scales, as well as over time, to address two overarching questions: Is pike population structure associated with local and/or regional connectivity patterns, and which factors likely have the main influence on the contemporary distribution of genetic diversity? To answer this, we combined estimators of population diversity and structure to assess evidence of whether populations within (i) habitats, (ii) drainage systems and (iii) geographical regions are closer related than among these ranges, and whether patterns are temporally stable. Contrasting previous predictions that genetic drift obscures signals of postglacial colonisation history, we identified clear regional differences in population genetic signatures, suggesting a major effect of drainage divides on colonisation history and connectivity. However, several populations deviated from the general pattern, showing that local processes may be complex and need to be examined case‐by‐case.  相似文献   

刺参生殖腺发育的生物学零度和有效积温研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李爽  李耕  潘玉洲  张力  李忠红  林中乔  孙博  李恒德  蒋丽 《安徽农业科学》2016,(1):81-82

[目的]为刺参的繁殖以及工厂化人工育苗提供理论基础。[方法]以渤海湾地区刺参为试验材料,研究渤海湾地区刺参生殖腺发育生物学零度及其性成熟的有效积温。[结果]渤海湾地区刺参生殖腺发育的生物学零度为6.14℃,而有效积温为800.19℃·d。[结论]该研究在渤海湾地区刺参育苗生产中具有重要的参考价值。  相似文献   

响应面法优化沙棘再制奶酪加工工艺     

徐海祥  刘灵灵  陈籽达  李嘉晨 《中国乳业》2021,(9):106-115

本试验以新鲜沙棘果及奶酪为主要原料,探讨了沙棘再制奶酪的加工工艺。首先经护色、打浆、精磨、过滤、调酸、均质等工序,制备澄清均一的沙棘果汁。以样品感官品质和Vc含量为评价指标,通过单因素试验以及响应面试验,得出最佳配方及工艺为：35.00%天然奶酪、18.56%沙棘果汁（料水质量比1∶1）、1.54%复合乳化盐（m_柠檬酸钠∶m_{多聚磷酸钠}∶m_焦磷酸钠∶m_{六偏磷酸钠}=4∶2∶2∶1）、12.00%黄油、6.00%脱脂乳粉、6.00%白砂糖、0.50%复合稳定剂（m_卡拉胶∶m_黄原胶=4∶1）,其余20.40%为纯净水,乳化温度为84 ℃,乳化时间为11.4 min,搅拌速度为3 000 r/min。经此工艺制成的成品,感官评分为57.5分（满分60分）,Vc含量达16.61 mg/100 g。成品组织结构细腻光滑、色泽橘黄、口感润滑、营养丰富,具有沙棘果的风味,符合《GB25192—2010 再制奶酪》要求。  相似文献   

A pioneering survey of deep-diving and off-shore cetaceans in the northern South China Sea     

Mingli LIN  Mingming LIU  Francesco CARUSO  Massimiliano ROSSO  Xiaoming TANG  Lijun DONG  Wenzhi LIN  Anna BORRONI  Alessandro BOCCONCELLI  Liang DAI  Songhai LI 《Integrative zoology》2021,16(4):440-450

A pioneering boat-based survey was conducted in 2019, to gather baseline information regarding the presence, composition, relative abundance, and spatial distribution of deep-diving and off-shore cetaceans in the northern South China Sea (SCS). A total of 27 sightings comprising at least 8 cetacean species were recorded during the 13-day survey, including 5 deep-diving species (i.e. Risso's dolphin [Grampus griseus], short-finned pilot whale [Globicephala macrorhynchus], sperm whale [Physeter macrocephalus], Cuvier's beaked whale [Ziphius cavirostris], and an unidentified beaked whale [either the ginkgo-toothed beaked whale, Mesoplodon ginkgodens, or Deraniyagala's beaked whale, Mesoplodon hotaula]), as well as 3 off-shore dolphins (i.e. pantropical spotted dolphin [Stenella attenuate], striped dolphin [Stenella coeruleoalba], and Fraser's dolphin [Lagenodelphis hosei]). With the exception of pantropical spotted dolphins, all other species were sighted and recorded at sea in the northern SCS for the first time. The pantropical spotted dolphin was the most frequently sighted species, comprising 30% of the total sightings. Deep-diving cetaceans were mainly sighted in the northern Xisha Archipelago, whereas off-shore dolphins were distributed across the survey area. The pantropical spotted dolphin was observed in aggregations of more than 100 individuals and nearly all encountered species included calves; these findings suggested that the survey area functions as an important feeding and calving ground for various cetacean species. This pioneering survey provides fundamental information regarding cetacean fauna in the northern SCS and highlights the need to strengthen research and conservation efforts concerning these species.  相似文献   

深水网箱网衣破损监测系统设计   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

叶盛  王俊 《农业机械学报》2006,37(4):94-96,118

针对在深水网箱网衣破损监测研究中出现的问题,提供了一种全新的网箱网衣破损监测方法和监测系统,可在浑水区实时监测网衣情况.系统由单片机、网片检测电路、开关矩阵和GSM手机模块组成.在网衣内编入导线,使网衣成为一种网破传感器.系统将网衣分成多块网片,并对网片进行编码.网片破损处与海水、入海电极形成回路,触发手机模块发出报警短信,指出网箱的编号和网衣破损部位.当系统与网衣出现连接故障时也可触发手机模块发出报警短信,指出故障网箱的编号和故障部位.  相似文献   

中国沙棘和俄罗斯沙棘在不同土壤水分条件下保护酶系统和丙二醛的变化   总被引：10，自引：3，他引：7  

刘瑞香  杨劼  高丽 《华北农学报》2006,21(2):87-90

在野外不同生境和田间不同干旱条件下对中国沙棘(Hippophae rhamnoides sinensis)和俄罗斯沙棘(Hippophae rhamnoides)的SOD,CAT和MDA进行研究后发现,野外沟底土壤水分含量显著高于坡上土壤水分含量,因此,沟底中国沙棘叶片的SOD,CAT活性高于坡上,MDA含量则为坡上植株高于沟底植株。田间不同干旱胁迫条件下,随着土壤含水量的降低,沙棘叶片中的SOD活性在胁迫初期显著降低,随着干旱胁迫时间的延长持续降低,沙棘叶片SOD活性表现为中国沙棘雄株>俄罗斯沙棘雌株>俄罗斯沙棘雄株>中国沙棘雌株;CAT活性在胁迫初期有所升高,之后开始逐渐下降,种间的差异为中国沙棘高于俄罗斯沙棘,雌、雄株的差异为雌株高于雄株;膜脂过氧化物质MDA的含量随着干旱胁迫程度的增加和胁迫时间的延长持续增加,雌株叶片内MDA含量高于雄株,中国沙棘的MDA含量高于俄罗斯沙棘。  相似文献