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Somatic hybridization provides an alternative for transferring mitochondria-encoded cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS). Herein, symmetric protoplast electrofusion was conducted between embryogenic callus protoplasts of Citrus unshiu Marc. cv. Guoqing No. 1 (G1), a CMS cultivar, and mesophyll-derived protoplasts of seedy ‘Page’ tangelo [C. reticulata Blanco × (C. reticulata Blanco × C. paradisi Macf.)] or ‘Nova’ tangelo [C. reticulata Blanco × (C. reticulata Blanco × C. paradisi Macf.)], to transfer CMS trait. Flow cytometry analysis showed that 14 plants recovered from G1 + ‘Page’ tangelo that displayed typical morphological character of ‘Page’ were diploid, and 6 plants regenerated from G1 + ‘Nova’ tangelo were tetraploid. Genetic compositions of regenerated plants from the two fusions were determined by SSR, CAPS and chloroplast-SSR analysis. Cybrid nature of diploids from G1 + ‘Page’ tangelo with nuclear DNA from ‘Page’, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from the G1 and chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) derived from either parent was confirmed. Tetraploid plants from G1 + ‘Nova’ tangelo were identified as somatic hybrids with random cpDNA inheritance. The regenerated cybrid and hybrid plants hold great potential for Citrus seedless breeding at diploid or triploid levels. 相似文献
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三倍体无核葡萄育种途径及研究展望 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
综述了三倍体葡萄育种的主要途径,如利用二倍体和四倍体杂交,胚乳培养,利用2n配子,芽变选择等,并对未来三倍体葡萄育种的主要研究方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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Seedlessness is a desirable trait in citrus and has been an important breeding objective. In this study, we employed the amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) technique to find molecular markers linked to the seedless trait in the Ponkan mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco). After screening with 72 primer pairs, 5 AFLP markers were identified that putatively correlated with the target trait. Their association was also tested by analyzing the AFLP profile from pooled individual accessions. The five fragments were cloned and sequenced, and BLAST searches showed that four of the markers had high homology to functional genes, providing some promising information that may aid in understanding the molecular mechanism of seedlessness in citrus. Based on the sequence information, eight specific primers were designed and eventually fragments AFLP-2 and AFLP-5 were successfully converted into sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers. Thus, the markers detected could be useful for accelerating citrus breeding programmes by enabling early screening for seedlessness mutations using marker-assisted selection. 相似文献
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我国无核柑桔类型选育研究进展——文献综述 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
综述了国内无核柑桔类型选育研究进展。通过芽变、实生选种及诱变育种等手段，我国已先后获得了１１９个无核或少类类型的柑桔品种（品系），涉及柑桔属的主要栽培种类和金柑属、黄皮属。芽变选种和实生选种为获得无核或少核类型的有效途径。大多数无核变异与花粉育性下降有关，胚囊败育、倍性变异及自交不亲和也是造成无核的原因。细胞工程技术为培育无核柑桔类型开展了一条新途径。 相似文献
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四川地区赤霉素和链霉素处理对巨峰葡萄无核化及果实发育的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了对四川地区巨峰葡萄无核化栽培提供一定的科学指导,本实验以巨峰葡萄为试材,分别在初花期和盛花后12 d进行2次处理,研究不同浓度赤霉素(GA3)和链霉素(SM)对巨峰葡萄无核率和果实发育的影响.结果表明:各处理都能使巨峰葡萄的无核率大幅度提高,GA3和SM混合处理产生的无核效应明显大干单独使用GA3;GA3 50 mg/L、GA3 100 mg/L与SM 100 mg/L、SM200mg/L搭配的2个组合均实现了完全无核化.从无核果实综合性状来看,两次处理的最佳方案为GA3100mg/L+SM 200 mg/L. 相似文献
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以异源四倍体体细胞杂种为父本与二倍体杂交创造柑橘三倍体的研究 总被引：8，自引：3，他引：8
2001～2002连续两年, 以沙田柚、本地早橘、中秋橘、HB柚、国庆4号温州蜜柑等二倍体品种为母本, 以NS (橘柚+无酸甜橙) 、NH (橘柚+ HB柚) 、SH (无酸甜橙+ HB柚) 、VM (伏令夏橙+橘橙) 、HD (甜橙+丹西橘) 等优良四倍体体细胞杂种的花粉授粉, 通过胚挽救技术获得再生植株。经细胞流式仪和染色体计数观察表明, 两年从10个授粉组合中共获得244株三倍体和10株四倍体。在这些三倍体中有147株来自沙田柚为母本的组合。目前已有172株三倍体和4株四倍体植株移栽成活。这些材料为进一步选育无核三倍体品种奠定了基础。 相似文献
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三倍体葡萄胚培养、倍性鉴定及育种进展 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
综述了胚培养技术在三倍体育种上的应用 ,包括不同杂交组合、培养基的种类、培养时期及激素等的影响以及三倍体的鉴定方法和已育成三倍体无核葡萄新品种的特征特性。 相似文献
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Species of barberry (Berberis vulgaris L. var. asperma) is cultivated in arid and semi arid areas of Iran (South Khorasan province). It is widely used as a food additive. Fruits of this species are seedless, while wild type barberries produce seeds in the same area. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of seedlessness in seedless barberry by pollen viability test, field pollination experiments and microscopic observation of pollen tube growth in pistil and ovule development. For comparison, we also examined ovule development in wild type barberry (B. crataegina DC). In seedless barberry pollen germination was about 54%. Seedless barberry produced 20% seeded fruits when pollinated with pollen of wild type barberry. There was a sharp decrease in fruit set in emasculated unpollinated flowers of seedless barberry. In seedless barberry, a large number of pollen grains (about 370) were observed on stigma of each flower at 12 h after balloon stage (ABS). Most of them germinated and penetrated intracellular area of stigma surface, but no pollen tube reached ovary. In seedless barberry, many ovules did not have any embryo sac or had a very small incomplete embryo sac. In addition, unfused polar nuclei were clearly recognized in some cases at 14 days after full bloom (AFB). However, in wild type, double fertilization was accompanied by disappearance of polar nuclei. In seeded barberry, the cellularized endosperm became apparent at seven days AFB. At 21 days AFB, all ovules of seedless barberry were degenerated, while at the same time in wild type, one or two ovules of each flower were normal and were developing into complete seeds. Results showed that self-incompatibility has a main role in seedlessness of seedless barberry. However, the high frequency of abnormal ovules and single fertilization can be considered as two other reasons of seedlessness. Due to our results, fruits of seedless barberry were set by stimulative parthenocarpy. 相似文献