The effects of density and artificial substrate on intensive shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei nursery production     

《Aquacultural Engineering》2020

Recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) can be installed indoors, allowing year-round production of tropical animals in nearly any climate. A nursery phase is commonly used in Litopenaeus vannamei production since it allows for enhanced biosecurity and better quantification of animals while reducing space requirements. However, it is unclear whether animal density and inclusion of artificial substrate may improve shrimp performance during the nursery phase. In this experiment, we compared shrimp production parameters in two stocking densities with or without the use of an artificial substrate by creating four treatments: low-density LD; 1500 PL/m⁻³, low-density with substrate LDS, high-density HD; 3000 PL/m⁻³), and high-density with substrate (HDS). The LDS and HDS treatments included 0.46-m² of high-density polyethylene 2.5-cm mesh as a substrate, which increased the tank surface area by 21 %. Each treatment was randomly assigned to four 160-l culture tanks, each with a biofilter. The shrimp had an initial weight of 4 mg and were grown for 50 days. The low-density treatments had significantly higher dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH than the high-density treatments (P ≤ 0.001). Specifically, LDS had the highest DO and pH followed by the LD, HD, and HDS treatments, respectively. High-density treatments had significantly higher NO₂-N levels than low-density treatments during week 2 of the experiment when an unusually high concentration of nitrite was observed. FCR was significantly lower in both low-density treatments than in high-density treatments. At harvest, the total biomass (kg m⁻³) was significantly higher in high-density treatments than in low-density treatments (P ≤ 0.001), and the HDS treatment had a significantly greater biomass output than HD. Producers should consider artificial substrate and higher densities during nursery production to maximize shrimp production; however, the effects on water quality should also be taken into account.  相似文献   

The rates of maize growth and lignin biosynthesis change after root-applied chalcone     

WEIJUN CHEN  MIN-SOO YUN  FAN DENG  YASUHIRO YOGO 《Weed Biology and Management》2005,5(3):118-122

The effects of root-applied chalcone at 0.15 mmol L⁻¹ on the growth and lignin biosynthesis in maize were investigated. The contents of 4-coumarate: CoA ligase (4CL, EC 6.2.1.12) substrates in maize shoots were increased more rapidly in the samples with chalcone application than in the control and the increase occurred at ≤ 3 h after the application (HAA). The lignin content was reduced by chalcone at ≤ 6 HAA. The shoot growth was suppressed by chalcone at ≤ 9 HAA. Consequently, the results suggest that chalcone suppressed maize growth by inhibiting monolignol biosynthesis.  相似文献   

Distribution,characteristics and condition of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) spawning grounds in a differentially eutrophicated twin‐basin lake          下载免费PDF全文

Helen Miller  Ian J. Winfield  Janice M. Fletcher  J. Ben James  Joey van Rijn  Jonathan M. Bull  Carol J. Cotterill 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2015,24(1):32-43

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有机生态栽培基质配比对生菜生长及品质的影响     

杨飞  姚金晓  张志刚  张成浩 《分子植物育种》2020,(6):1983-1990

以传统基质草炭、蛭石及腐熟羊粪和玉米秸秆为原料,配制成12种不同配比的栽培基质,以商品叶菜类栽培基质作为对照,研究不同基质配方对生菜生长的影响,以期获得最适合生菜栽培的基质配比组合。结果表明,不同组合基质配比均能满足生菜的正常生长,所有处理的株高、叶面积、单株鲜重和单株干重都较对照组(CK)有着不同程度提高,其中T11(草炭∶腐熟羊粪∶玉米秸秆∶蛭石=1∶4∶3∶4)条件下各指标表现最好,分别较CK提高了31.80%、47.15%、59.43%和79.53%;从生理生化指标来看,T11处理的Vc含量最高,是CK的2.5倍;T10(草炭∶腐熟羊粪∶玉米秸秆∶蛭石=3∶1∶4∶4)的根系活力是所有处理中最高的,达到CK的2.02倍;T12(草炭∶腐熟羊粪∶玉米秸秆∶蛭石=3∶4∶1∶4)处理的叶绿素含量最高,是CK的1.41倍,硝酸盐含量最低,较CK降幅达到74.59%。通过隶属函数进行综合比较分析,我们认为T11是所有供试处理中最适合生菜栽培的基质配比。  相似文献   

Effect of the Substrates on the Production of Engrafted Vine Cuttings in Heated Greenhouses     

《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(16):2488-2495

This article highlights the results of a long-term research project on the production of grape stalks engrafted by the desk method. The integrated impact of rootstock varieties, modes of stratification, and different substrates on vegetating vine cuttings, raised in heated greenhouses, and the capacity of their acclimatization after planting was studied. The results of the research show that rootstock variety and modes of stratification influence the output of engrafted vegetating cuttings of vines grown in pots using various substrates. In particular, the engrafted cuttings of variety Rkatsiteli produced on two rootstocks, 5 BB and 101-14, passed stratification (a) in sawdust with local electroheating, (b) on the water with its periodic change, and (c) in the layer of perlite. After preplanting preparations they were planted in pots with six different substrates: (1) soil (control); (2) perlite; (3) sawdust; (4) rice husk + soil + sand (1:1:1); (5) peat + soil + sand (1:1:1); and (6) mold + soil + sand (1:1:1). The cuttings were grown with a covered root system in a heated greenhouse for 35–40 days. Forty-day-old vegetating cuttings, after hardening, were planted into the open ground. Specialties were established during the root and shoot formation on vegetating nursery plant grafts during the rooting period. Optimal substrates for growing engrafted cuttings with a covered root system in heated greenhouses for each rootstock and stratification mode were determined.  相似文献   

适宜天津市基质栽培的番茄品种筛选     

董丽君  李树和  李晓新  牛松 《湖北农业科学》2017,56(12)

利用基质栽培技术,以番茄(Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)为供试材料,比较了天津市常用的11个番茄品种部分农艺性状、经济性状、果实营养成分指标的差异,通过对这些指标的分析,筛选出最适宜天津市基质栽培的番茄品种。结果表明,粉皇后和傲兰6号在产量、单果重等指标中表现比较突出,适合在天津市以基质栽培方式推广应用。  相似文献   

小麦秸秆还田机粉碎装置性能影响因素试验与优化   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2  

陈松涛  周学建  师清翔  刘师多  庞靖  韩光伟 《农业机械学报》2007,38(9):67-70

利用设计的秸秆还田机粉碎装置进行了粉碎试验。以壳体包角、喂入速度、动定刀间隙为试验因素,秸秆的粉碎质量、粉碎功耗为试验指标,建立了粉碎质量和粉碎功耗的数学模型。随着喂入速度、壳体包角的增加和动定刀间隙的减小,粉碎功耗增大,粉碎质量提高。利用回归方程和主目标法,进行了参数的优化设计,结果为:粉碎室包角为70°、喂入速度为46.5m/s、动定刀间隙为10mm。  相似文献   

稻草、玉米芯调理牛粪堆肥成型育苗基质试验   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

曹红亮  杨龙元  袁巧霞  黄长青 《农业机械学报》2015,46(3):197-202

以稻草和玉米芯为调理料,分别与主体原料牛粪按质量比1∶4混合堆沤腐熟后获得牛粪稻草基质和牛粪玉米芯基质,以这2种基质为原料进行压缩成型试验,探讨了土壤添加量、原料含水率、成型压力以及成型温度等操作因素对基质块成型品质的影响及作用规律。结果表明:牛粪稻草和牛粪玉米芯2种基质块的抗跌碎能力基本持平,其中牛粪稻草基质块的容重较大,吸水性和保水能力更强;添加土壤对2种基质块的抗破碎能力均有一定的提高,但不添加土壤2基质块也具有良好的抗破碎能力,能满足育苗过程对其机械强度的要求;适宜的原料含水率、成型压力和成型温度范围为10%~15%、10~15 k N和80~120℃。  相似文献   

基于正交实验的两种苦苣苔叶片扦插繁殖研究     

闫海霞  关世凯  陶大燕  周锦业  宋倩  罗述名 《北方园艺》2021,(2):65-72

以苦苣苔品种Primulina dryas‘Hisako’和Primulina‘Blue Mood’为试材,采用正交实验设计,分析不同因素、不同基质组分对扦插成活率、子株数、子株叶数的影响,并筛选出最优组合。探讨影响报春苣苔属扦插成活的因素,为报春苣苔属的扦插繁殖技术提供参考依据。结果表明:3种不同因素对Primulina dryas‘Hisako’成活率的影响大小为浓度>基质>叶片部位,对子株数的影响大小为叶片部位>浓度>基质,对子株叶数的影响大小为基质>叶片部位>浓度,最优组合为IBA+NAA等量混合浓度100 mg·L^-1+泥炭:珍珠岩:蛭石的体积比2∶1∶1+叶片下部。4种基质组分对P.‘Blue Mood’成活率的影响大小为泥炭>稻壳炭>蛭石>珍珠岩,对子株数的影响大小为珍珠岩>泥炭>蛭石>稻壳炭,对子株叶数的影响大小为泥炭>稻壳炭>珍珠岩>蛭石,扦插基质最优组合为泥炭、珍珠岩、蛭石、稻壳炭的体积比6∶2∶2∶1。  相似文献   

不同基质对黄瓜长势、产量及果实品质的影响     

杨雪松  赵海静 《蔬菜》2021,(11):11-15

为筛选出适宜春大棚黄瓜槽式栽培的基质,以黄瓜“北农佳秀”为试材,选用蘑菇棒、牛羊粪、草炭、珍珠岩和蛭石等5种基质材料,研究了不同基质配比对黄瓜生长、产量和水分生产效率的影响。结果表明：基质为蘑菇棒∶牛羊粪∶草炭∶珍珠岩∶蛭石体积比为2∶1∶3∶1∶1时,黄瓜植株长势较强,667 m2产量、单方水产出和667 m2收益均最高,分别为12 947、61.9 kg和9 565元,且果实品质较好。在春大棚中,蘑菇棒∶牛羊粪∶草炭∶珍珠岩∶蛭石体积比2∶1∶3∶1∶1是黄瓜槽式基质节水栽培适宜的基质配比。  相似文献