基于无人机航摄技术在土地整治项目中的应用研究     

赵彤 《现代农业科技》2019,(21)

针对传统土地整治项目施工监管、后期监测效率不高的问题,本文通过低空无人机航摄和PhotoScan软件后期处理,对比生成的正射影像图和Google earth卫星图的分辨率和位置,发现该影像图能精准、高效的表征项目区影像数据变化,从而得到一种可用于土地整治项目各阶段动态观测的简单、快捷方法。  相似文献   

Aerial seed germination and morphological characteristics of juvenile seedlings in Commelina benghalensis L.     

MITSUHIRO MATSUO  HIDEKI MICHINAGA  HIROYUKI TERAO  EIJI TSUZUKI 《Weed Biology and Management》2004,4(3):148-153

Seed germination, seedling emergence, and the morphological characteristics of juvenile seedlings of Commelina benghalensis L. were observed. For aerial seeds collected in September and October, seedling emergence peaked in April and June for large seeds and from June to August for small seeds, whereas seedling emergence for large seeds collected in November showed peaks in March and April under natural rainfall conditions, and in April and June under irrigation conditions. Seedlings from small seeds emerged intermittently over a longer period from April to August under both conditions. Aerial seeds of C. benghalensis germinated on wet filter paper on the second day after seeding (DAS) for large seeds and the fourth DAS for small seeds. The germination percentage for large seeds was higher than that for small seeds by the 14th DAS. The germination percentage for large aerial seeds showed no significant difference between light and dark conditions. However, the percentage for small aerial seeds was higher under light than under dark conditions. Seedlings from large aerial seeds emerged on the third DAS at 0–50 mm soil depths. The percentage of emergence at 0 and 1 mm soil depths increased until the 30th DAS, whereas those at soil depths of 5–50 mm showed no change after the 9th DAS. There was no emergence at a soil depth of 100 mm. Seedlings from small aerial seeds emerged on the 6th DAS at 0–1 mm soil depths, with the percentage increasing until the 30th DAS. Although seedlings at 5 and 10 mm soil depths also emerged on the 6th DAS, there was no change in the percentage after the 12th DAS. There was no emergence at soil depths of 20–100 mm. The hypocotyl and taenia (part of the cotyledon connected to the seed) in juvenile seedlings that emerged from soil depths of 50 mm were longer than those in seedlings emerging from a soil depth of 1 mm.  相似文献   

整秆式甘蔗收获机内物流排杂高速摄影分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

解福祥  区颖刚  刘庆庭  冯加模  黄世醒 《农机化研究》2015,(3):203-206

为了研究整秆式甘蔗收获机内物流排杂运动机理,研制了甘蔗收获机内物流排杂试验台,并利用高速摄像机拍摄了甘蔗与蔗叶在物流通道内的运动全过程,并对图像进行分析。结果表明,甘蔗在物流运动过程中发生弹跳、扭转和弯曲变形,在剥叶运动过程中发生断尾,并且通过排杂装置将蔗叶与甘蔗分离后排出。通过建立甘蔗收获机内各部件元件与甘蔗、蔗叶的简化力学模型,结合甘蔗和蔗叶的力学特性分析了甘蔗和蔗叶在物流通道内的运动机理。甘蔗在物流运动中主要受到的作用力为各部件对甘蔗的轴向力、垂直于甘蔗运动方向的切向力和摩擦力。  相似文献   

Evaluation of the pattern of spray released from a moving multicopter     

Illia Chyrva  Mark Jermy  Tara Strand  Brian Richardson 《Pest management science》2023,79(4):1483-1499

BACKGROUND

Multicopters are used for releasing particulates seeds, fertilizer and spray. Their low cost and high manoeuvrability make them attractive for spraying in steep terrain and areas where overspray is undesirable. This article describes a model of multicopter wake and its influence on particulate dispersion, which is computationally economical compared to many computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approaches, yet retains reasonable accuracy.

RESULTS

A model was successfully implemented in OpenFOAM . It features source terms for the rotor wash, Lagrangian particle tracking, an evaporation model, and a porous medium approach to model the effect of the ground vegetation. Predictions were validated against the field tests of Richardson et al. which used a DJI Agras MG-1 multicopter in three different flights with airspeeds of 3.2–4.9 m s⁻¹, ground speeds of 2.1–2.9 m s⁻¹ and cross-wind speeds of 0.04–2.2 m s⁻¹. The effective swath width (30% line separation) was predicted to within one standard deviation. Sensitivity to a rotor rotational speed, flight height, flight velocity, multicopter roll and yaw angles, surface roughness length, plant height and leaf density was checked.

CONCLUSION

In all flight trials, the modelled swath was closest to the experimentally obtained swath when the surface roughness of the fetch was equal to 0.5 m (bushes) and the rotational speed of all rotors was equal to 2475 rpm with 0.75R (0.2 m) tall plant canopy (grass) introduced to the model. The model showed acceptable validity for flight velocities of ≤2.8–5 m s⁻¹ when flight parameters can be approximately estimated. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.  相似文献   

激光高速摄影测试装置设计的关键技术     

袁文华  李德桃  龚金科  唐维新 《拖拉机与农用运输车》2006,33(1):61-63

主要介绍了对内燃机燃烧过程进行可视化测试的激光高速摄影装置设计过程中的几个关键技术,针对光学内燃机的改造设计、光学系统设计、同步控制系统设计以及激光器的选用和光学玻璃的配置、加工、使用等方面对高速摄影记录效果分析的影响,提出了相应的技术措施。  相似文献   

缩放型喷嘴空化射流空泡云演化规律的试验研究     

李伟  张文全  施卫东  杨勇飞  曹卫东 《排灌机械工程学报》2020,38(6):547-552

基于高速摄影技术对缩放型喷嘴进行空化射流试验,以揭示不同进口压力下空化射流流场特性,分析进口压力对空泡云演化规律的影响.结果表明:淹没式空化射流形成的泡云呈周期性变化,即在1个周期内包含空化初生、发展、脱落、溃灭4个不同阶段,并在空泡云脱落时达到最大的空泡面积、密度和宽度.由于随着射流入口压力的增大,喷嘴形成的射流速度加快,在射流边界层内速度梯度增大、射流核心区与伴随流的剪切作用增强,高速射流所产生的空泡云长度、面积和密度均呈增大趋势.同时,随着进口压力的增大,边界层内湍动能增大,加剧了部分流体的不规则运动,导致空泡云边界更加模糊且呈交错分布,空泡云的脱落频率不断增大.研究结果对提高空化射流在金属材料强化和石油钻井、破岩等领域的应用具有重要的理论意义和指导价值.  相似文献   

基于迁移学习的无人机影像耕地信息提取方法   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

鲁恒  付萧  贺一楠  李龙国  庄文化  刘铁刚 《农业机械学报》2015,46(12):274-279284

随着精准农业技术的发展,对农作物用地信息快速、准确提取的需求越来越高。同时,无人机技术以其方便、高效、具有低空云下飞行能力等优势被广泛应用于自然资源的调查中。但无人机影像普遍光谱信息较为匮乏,因此很难准确、快速地提取出耕地信息。基于此,提出了一种利用迁移学习机制的耕地提取方法(TLCLE)。首先,利用深度卷积神经网络(DCNN)剔除线状地物(道路、田埂等),然后,通过引入迁移学习机制将DCNN特征训练过程中得到的特征提取方法迁移到耕地提取中,最后,将所提方法与利用易康(e Cognition)软件进行耕地提取(ECLE)结果进行对比。研究结果表明:对于实验影像1、2,TLCLE方法耕地提取总体精度分别为91.9%、88.1%,ECLE方法总体精度分别为90.3%、88.3%,2种方法提取精度相当,在保证耕地地块完整、连续性上TLCLE方法优于ECLE方法。  相似文献   

草甘膦、草铵膦喷施对槟榔根系形态及生理的影响     

杨国斌  陈才志  温欣宇  陈晖  甘霆  杨福孙 《中国果业信息》2024,53(1)

除草剂防除杂草的同时会给非靶标作物带来药害,频繁使用除草剂的海南槟榔园叶片黄化症状更加明显,我们推测除草剂可能导致槟榔根系退化,从而引起叶片黄化。本试验以幼龄期槟榔与成龄期槟榔为研究对象,测定草甘膦和草铵膦使用后槟榔根系生长发育形态与相关生理指标。结果表明：（1）在幼龄期槟榔根系中,主要以直径为0～1.5mm的根为主要根系结构,数量上占到总根的88%以上,表面积占到了总根的68%以上。草甘膦和草铵膦喷施显著降低了槟榔幼苗根系鲜重、干物质积累量,白色吸收根的比例、吸收根活力。（2）在成龄期槟榔气生根中,喷施草甘膦和草铵膦均引起气生根药剂残留,且农残随施用浓度增加而变高;喷施草甘膦和草铵膦,阻碍了槟榔气生根发育。草甘膦处理第14天后气生根死亡数达到最大,而草铵膦处理第28天后达到最大。（3）草铵膦损害了气生根组织结构,使新根内皮层排列稀疏,表皮组织厚度增加,木栓化程度加深,导致根表皮细胞大量死亡,抑制了气生根伸长与增粗。上述研究结果表明草甘膦和草铵膦通过木栓化加速根系死亡调控槟榔根系生长与发育。  相似文献   

Application method affects pesticide efficiency and effectiveness in wheat fields     

Jinjing Xiao  Li Chen  Fan Pan  Yajing Deng  Chenchun Ding  Min Liao  Xianyan Su  Haiqun Cao 《Pest management science》2020,76(4):1256-1264

  相似文献   

A novel approach to estimating the competitive ability of Cirsium arvense in cereals using unmanned aerial vehicle imagery     

J Rasmussen  J Nielsen 《Weed Research》2020,60(2):150-160

Eight experiments were carried out in Denmark to determine the yield loss of spring barley due to Cirsium arvense in farmers' fields and to suggest and evaluate a novel approach for quantifying C. arvense infestation in large plots. Literature about the competitive ability of C. arvense is old, scattered and inconclusive, and existing models for estimating crop yield loss are based on data from North America. This study showed that C. arvense coverage could be quantified from unmanned aerial vehicle imagery using a manual image analysis procedure. This gave similar results as scoring the coverage. Yield loss of spring barley due to C. arvense infestation assessed at harvest was given by Y = 100·(1−exp(−0.00170·X)) where Y is the percentage of crop yield loss and X is the percentage of C. arvense coverage. The yield loss was much lower than estimates from models that have been developed in North America. It is speculated that the main reason for this is the later emergence of C. arvense than the crop due to lower soil temperatures in spring. Grain moisture increased linearly with C. arvense coverage: M = 0.0310·X where M is the proportional (%) increase in grain moisture and X is the proportion (%) of C. arvense coverage. Automated image analysis procedures are needed to estimate C. arvense coverage on field scales, and further experiments are needed to reveal whether the low competitive ability of C. arvense found in this study is representative for Northern Europe.  相似文献