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1.
G.J. Rebetzke M.H. Ellis D.G. Bonnett A.G. CondonD. Falk R.A. Richards 《Field Crops Research》2011,124(3):323-331
The green-revolution Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b dwarfing alleles are usually associated with increased wheat yields but are linked to reduced early growth and poor emergence if sowing conditions are unfavourable. Other dwarfing genes are available but not used in commercial breeding. The Rht13 bread wheat donor, Magnif M1, produces uniquely short peduncle and penultimate internodes to reduce plant height. A set of near-isogenic (NILs) and recombinant inbred (RILs) lines varying for height were developed from the cross of Magnif M1 and the Rht8c-containing Chuan-mai 18, and evaluated for a range of agronomic characteristics across favourable environments. Reductions in plant height were associated with increased grain number (r2 = 0.35**) and harvest index (r2 = 0.62**) in the NILs. Reduced-height RILs containing the Rht13-linked, Xgwm577M microsatellite marker were significantly shorter, produced greater biomass, yield and harvest index, and increased spike and grain number than lines without the marker. Approximately 74 and 7% of the total phenotypic variance in plant height was accounted for by allelic differences in Xgwm577 and Rht8 loci, respectively. The peduncle and penultimate peduncle internodes of Rht13-containing lines were proportionately shorter than Rht8c-containing sibs and lines containing the Rht-B1b dwarfing allele. The unique height-reducing phenotype, increased grain number and yield associated with Rht13 indicate considerable potential for use of this dwarfing allele for improving wheat performance. 相似文献
2.
为研究蓖麻力学条件,对蓖麻的果—柄接点、茎—柄接点和茎秆不同生长部位的抗拉特性、抗弯特性进行力学测试。结果表明：成熟期果—柄抗拉力和抗拉强度分别为3.31～6.74 N、3.48～8.31 MPa,收获期果—柄抗拉力和抗拉强度分别为1.90～4.15 N、2.42～5.28 MPa;茎—柄抗拉力和抗拉强度分别为15.78～37.07 N、19.70～3466 MPa;茎秆的抗拉力、弹性模量和抗拉强度分别为56.99～130.42 N、160.99～203.80 MPa、2850～65.21 MPa,茎秆的抗弯力、弯曲截面模量和抗弯强度分别为15.20～91.04 N、31.53～173.07 MPa、19.27～21.04 MPa。分析试验结果可知,果—柄连结强度与茎—柄连结强度、茎秆抗拉强度及抗弯强度之间存在显著性差异,证明在采摘过程中蓖麻果—柄接点更易分离,其次是茎—柄接点,通过合理设计采摘部件工作参数,可以实现只采收蓖麻蒴果,而较少破坏茎秆。 相似文献
3.
用冰冻切片和石蜡切片、Kluver-Barrera 染色法研究了60日龄仔猪脑的嗅球区和球后区。发现猪的嗅球和副嗅球是典型的哺乳动物构造。副嗅球位于嗅球的背内侧,呈长椭圆形,长约2mm。嗅脚内的前嗅核各部细胞群的位置和形状与通过嗅球界沟的平面和嗅脚向前伸向背外侧方的位置有关。嗅脚的背外侧较长,其内的前嗅核细胞群较长;嗅脚的腹内侧较短,其内的细胞群也较短。前嗅核的细胞由分化程度较少的中、小型细胞组成。前嗅核外侧部、背侧部和内侧部与相邻的皮质连续,其细胞排列也类似于皮质的分层结构。前嗅核内侧部的浅层有前海马皮质延伸来的锥体细胞,前海马皮质在嗅脚基部的内侧形成小隆起突出于脑表面。前嗅核外部的细胞群是“C”形带状,贴于与嗅球界沟邻接的纤维束,细胞较小。 相似文献
4.
WEI Qi HU Guofu HUANG Fenglan LI Fenglan HU Baozhong 《东北农业大学学报(英文版)》2007,14(1):14-16
This paper studied the rapid propagation technology of Phalaenopsis hybrid by using the peduncle buds as the explants, and screened out a kind of culture medium, which was simple, rapid, available and high rate of propagation. 相似文献
5.
外源钙对红地球葡萄贮藏过程中果梗及品质影响的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
[目的]解决红地球葡萄贮藏过程中果梗的失水问题.[方法]以不喷施为对照(CK),采前1个月连续喷施两次1.5;氨基酸钙和硝酸钙,对红地球葡萄贮藏过程中果梗切片、果实内在品质(单果重、可溶性固形物、硬度、可滴定酸)的变化进行研究.[结果]外源钙使红地球葡萄贮藏过程中果梗表皮细胞排列紧密,果梗木质化增强,减缓了韧皮部和木质部的失水收缩,使红地球葡萄果梗保持鲜绿和饱满状态;外源钙的喷施还减缓了红地球葡萄果实内在品质的变化幅度.[结论]采前1个月连续喷施两次钙提高了贮藏过程中红地球葡萄的商品价值;在氨基酸钙和硝酸钙的处理中,喷施1.5;的硝酸钙效果最好. 相似文献
6.
Samir C. Debnath Kenneth B. Mcrae 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(6):744-752
SummaryAn efficient system to regenerate shoots in vitro on excised leaves of lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) was developed. Leaf explants from shoot-proliferating cultures produced multiple shoots without an intermediary callus phase on zeatin (ZN)-containing shoot induction media within 3–4 weeks of culture initiation. Cultivars Regal and Splendor, and one clone from a natural stand in Estonia (ECL1), were used in the first experiment. Young expanding leaves with the adaxial side touching the culture medium, and maintained for 7 d in darkness, produced the best results. There were significant genotypic differences in adventitious shoot formation. A second experiment studied the effects of ten concentrations of three cytokinins: ZN at 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 μM; 1-phenyl-3-(1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) urea (thidiazuron, TDZ) at 0.1, 1, 5 and 10 μm; and 6-(γ-γ-dimethylallylamino) purine (2ip) at 25 μM were compared with leaf segments of different polarity in ‘ECL1’. Zeatin was found to be more effective than TDZ or 2iP as an inductive signal for regenerating many vigorous shoots. Zeatin induced multiple shoot formation at all concentrations tested, but maximum morphogenic response was observed at 20 to 30 μM. The media containing TDZ generally promoted more callus formation and suppresed shoot elongation. In a third experiment with the lingonberry cultivar Erntedank and the clone ‘ECL1’, a new medium developed for lingonberry shoot culture proved more effective than the modified Murashige and Skoog medium for regenerating shoots on leaf explants. Elongated shoots were excised and rooted directly on a 2 peat:1 perlite (v/v) medium after dipping in 0.8% indole-3-butyric acid. Rooted plantlets were acclimatized under greenhouse conditions to evaluate somaclonal variation. 相似文献
7.
M. Appelgren 《Scientia Horticulturae》1985,25(1):77-83
Plants of two Begonia × hiemalis cultivars (‘Schwabenland’ and ‘Nixe’) were grown in a greenhouse and continuously illuminated (24 h a day) from late October to early March, with light from warm white fluorescent lamps (L“WW”), high pressure mercury lamps (HPI/T) or high pressure sodium lamps (SON/T), each at three irradiance levels (5, 10 or 15 W m?2). The control received light continuously (0.8 W m?2) from incandescent lamps (INC). Every third week, plant material (flower peduncles) was collected for in vitro culture. The adventitious shoot formation was strongly dependent on cultivar, length of mother plant illumination and light source. The use of L“WW”, HPI/T or SON/T improved the regeneration ability of flower peduncle segments compared to control. Prolonged irradiation lowered the regeneration in ‘Schwabenland’, especially when HPI/T lamps were used. 相似文献
8.
以蝴蝶兰花梗腋芽为外植体,在MS培养基上,添加不同浓度的6-BA和NAA,研究其对花梗腋芽萌发率的影响.结果表明:6-BA 对蝴蝶兰花梗腋芽的萌发具有明显的促进作用.当6-BA浓度大于5 mg/L时,萌发率有所下降;添加NAA对花梗腋芽萌发率没有较大影响;花梗腋芽萌发的最适培养基为:MS 6-BA 5 mg/L,萌发率达97.6%. 相似文献
9.
两系杂交稻穗颈节间维管束与籽粒充实特性的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对两系杂交稻穗颈节维管束特征及其籽粒充实进行了研究。结果表明，维管束数目与一、二次枝梗数及颖花数有密切关系。籽粒充实好的品种维管束和韧皮部的总面积显著高于籽粒充实差的品种，维管束的颖花负荷量与总库容负荷量明显低于充实率差的品种。扬两优6号不仅库容量大，而且籽粒充实率、充实程度良好，结实率正常。发达的维管束是其籽粒充实的前提。还讨论了育种、栽培技术问题。 相似文献
10.
R. V. Kantety Edzard van Santen F. M. Woods C. W. Wood 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(6):881-889
The nitrogen (N) status of a crop can be used to predict yield and supplemental N fertilizer requirements, and rapid techniques for evaluating the N status of crops are needed. A study was conducted to determine the feasibility of using a hand held chlorophyll meter (SPAD 502, Minolta Co. Ltd., Japan) to monitor N status of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.). Four diverse tall fescue genotypes were grown at three locations in Alabama and fertilized at four N‐rates from 0 to 336 kg ha‐1. A similar experiment was conducted in the greenhouse using soil from the same field sites. Chlorophyll meter readings (SPAD) were taken, and extractable chlorophyll content, tissue N concentration and dry matter yield were determined at harvest. SPAD, extractable chlorophyll content, tissue N concentration, and dry matter yield increased quadratically (0.67 < R2 < 0.99) with increasing N fertilization in both experiments. All genotypes responded similarly to applied N, with some differences in magnitude. Relationships between SPAD meter readings and extractable chlorophyll and tissue N concentrations were linear with r2 > 0.95. An additional independent variable, the square root of the inverse of SPAD, lowered the residual mean square by 11 and 16%, respectively, for tissue‐N and chlorophyll concentrations, but did not increase the R2. This would be preferred for predictive purposes. Tissue N concentrations at higher N‐rates were sufficient for maximum yield which occurred at 290 and 248 kg N ha‐1 for greenhouse and field, respectively, but were lower than previously reported sufficiency values. The chlorophyll meter is an easy and efficient method of detecting tall fescue N status. 相似文献