碳酸氢根和铵态氮共同对菜豆生长及养分吸收的影响   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

田霄鸿  李生秀  宋书琴 《园艺学报》2002,29(4):337-343

 以菜豆为材料进行水培试验, 探讨了高浓度NH₄⁺-N与HCO₃^-共存介质对菜豆生长发育及其营养吸收的影响, 结果表明: ①以HCO₃^--N 为主要氮源时, 菜豆生长状况最好; 以NH₄⁺-N为主要氮源且无HCO₃^-存在时, 培养前期菜豆根系就发生受害现象, 叶片出现萎蔫; 但加入HCO₃^-后, 随着营养液中HCO3- 浓度从0 升高到13. 0 mmol/L , 菜豆长势逐渐改善, 表明HCO₃^-与NH4+ 以较合适的比例共存于介质中可明显减轻二者非共存对菜豆生长的抑制作用。② 同一处理, 菜豆整株对主要营养元素吸收量的次序为: N > K> P > Ca >Mg > Fe >Mn , 以NH4+2N 为主要氮源时, 随HCO₃^-浓度升高, 菜豆对N、P、Ca、Mn 的吸收量逐渐增大。③以NO_3^--N 为主要氮源, P、Fe、Mn 元素在根部出现累积, 而以NH₄⁺-N为主要氮源时, 随HCO₃^-浓度增加, N、P、Ca、Mn 在根部亦有累积现象。  相似文献   

黑豆豆芽工厂化生产关键技术研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

沈传世  陈珏  陈飞 《长江蔬菜》2015,(20):62-64

利用黑龙江黑豆、吉林黑豆、上海黑豆3个黑豆品种进行工厂化生产的最佳品种和孵化环境条件试验。结果表明，黑龙江黑豆最适合工厂化生产，其生产最佳孵化环境为：孵化车间采用淋水间隔3.5 h、温度控制在23~25℃、湿度保持在75%以上，发芽后84 h 采收最适宜。  相似文献   

东北油豆角腐皮镰孢菌根腐病拮抗芽胞杆菌的筛选与鉴定     

王杰  刘焕成  田甜  刘大军  冯国军 《北方园艺》2021,(5):15-20

以东北油豆角腐皮镰孢菌为靶标菌,采用室内平板对峙培养和温室防效测定方法,从发病油豆角根际(围)土壤中筛选拮抗能力强的芽胞杆菌菌株,以期获得腐皮镰孢菌根腐病的生防资源。结果表明:该试验筛选到一株拮抗芽胞杆菌WJ-126,初步鉴定为贝莱斯芽胞杆菌(Bacillus velezensis),在温室人工接种条件下,该菌株对油豆角腐皮镰孢菌根腐病的相对防效可达60.92%。  相似文献   

CO₂加富及亏缺灌溉对菜豆中期与后期生长的影响     

翟锡姣  郑少文  王帅全 《中国瓜菜》2021,(4):105-111

为了探明菜豆中期与后期生长对CO₂加富与亏缺灌溉的生理响应,试验设两个CO₂水平:正常大气浓度和倍增CO₂浓度,两个灌溉水平:自然灌溉12次和亏缺灌溉6次,研究CO₂加富及亏缺灌溉对菜豆生长的影响。结果表明,CO₂加富显著提高菜豆生长中期株高与干质量,净光合速率(Pn)与胞间CO₂浓度(Ci)分别显著降低15.48%、37.67%,气孔导度(Gs)显著提高95.83%,菜豆生长后期的叶绿素a/b(Chla/b)显著提高12.29%,水分利用效率(WUE)显著提高46.51%,Ci显著降低12.87%。CO₂加富显著提高亏缺灌溉下生长中期菜豆的株高与干质量,但显著降低根冠比,显著提高叶绿素含量以及Gs;CO₂加富下生长后期的核酮糖-1,5-二磷酸羧化酶(Rubisco)及果糖-1,6-二磷酸酶(FBPase)活性分别显著提高78.05%与88.69%,CO₂加富使亏缺灌溉下碳酸酐酶(CA)与FBPase活性分别显著提高83.73%与64.84%。综上所述,CO₂加富提高菜豆生长中期对亏缺灌溉的适应性,对生长后期影响作用减小。  相似文献   

Effects of Oxygen Supplementation on Lake Trout Brood Stock     

《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2013,25(3):89-96

This study was conducted to determine the effects of oxygen supplementation and nitrogen supersaturation on the fecundity and performance of Lewis Lake strain lake trout, Salvelinus namaycush, brood stock. Performance of brood fish held in water supersaturated with oxygen was compared to that of controls raised at or below 100% saturation for 334 days. Incoming water averaged 78.4% saturation in the morning; the addition of oxygen increased saturation to 104.6%. As a result, average morning nitrogen saturation was reduced from 105.7% to 100.9%. In oxygen-supplemented water, peak daily oxygen saturation averged 129.0% in the afternoon. At this saturation level, average nitrogen gas was reduced to 98.4% saturation. Total gas pressure never exceeded 109.1% with oxygen supplementation; however, nitrogen supersaturation reached 110% in raceways with no oxygen supplementation. Weight gain, feed conversion, egg survival, egg size, and number of eggs per female were not affected by increasing oxygen saturation.  相似文献   

Effects of Kocide 101® on the bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)‐Rhizobium symbiosis     

F. P. Baijukya  E. Semu 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(3):175-183

A glasshouse study was undertaken to investigate the effects of the copper fungicide Kocide 101 and its residues in soil on the growth, nodulation and nitrogen fixation of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The soil used was a sandy clay loam classified as Typic Rhodustalf. The bean variety SUA 90 was used as test crop. The bean rhizobia strains CIAT 899, PV, and a local isolate were used. Kocide 101 applied at the recommended rate (equivalent to 1.7 mg kg^‐1 soil) had no significant negative effects on the growth, nodulation or nitrogen fixation of bean plants. Higher levels of Kocide 101 significantly (P < 0.05) reduced plant growth, nodulation and nitrogen fixation. The bean plants inoculated with the “local isolate”; rhizobia had the highest dry matter weights, nodule numbers and nodule dry weights, and also had more N fixation. They were followed by those inoculated with the PV, strain and, lastly, those inoculated with CIAT 899. The growth and nodulation of bean plants were still curtailed by the Kocide 101 residues four months after the fungicide was first applied to the soil. Therefore, occurrence of high levels of Kocide 101 in soils can have long‐term effects on the performance of the bean‐rhizobia symbiosis.  相似文献   

Effects of gamma radiation on the immature stages ofLiriomyza Trifolii     

Shoshana Yathom  R. Padova  Susana Tal  I. Ross 《Phytoparasitica》1990,18(2):117-124

The effects of γ-radiation on the immature stages ofLiriomyza trifolii Burgess were studied with doses of 2000-25 Gy. The high doses were lethal to all stages. At doses of 750 Gy or less, larvae survived to pupate, but their number was reduced and the majority were either dead or deformed and did not give rise to adults. Eggs and prepupae were more susceptible to radiation than other stages. Larval radiosensitivity decreased with progressing instar, and pupal sensitivity decreased with increasing age. Contribution from the Agricultural Research Organization. No. 2922-E, 1990 series.  相似文献   

Yield Structure of Winter Faba Beans Grown in Northern Germany in Dependence of Different Environments, Seed Rates, Sowing Rates and Genotypes     

H. Herzog  G. Geisler 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1991,167(3):145-154

Two series of field trials were performed at three sites in Schleswig-Holstein between 1981 and 1988 to inquire into the yield structure of European winter types of Vicia faba L. and to compare their yield potential with that of spring types. Due to low winter survival, 6 winter types could be evaluated only in 4 environments in dependence of 1–3 sowing times (series α: seed rate 30/m²) and 1 winter type in 5 environments in dependence of 3 sowing times and 3 seed rates (series β: seed rate 15, 30, 45/m²). Seed yield of winter type averaged 410 g/m² (D.M.) surpassing spring types by about 14 %. Environments caused a considerable variation in yield (275–620 g/m²) and in each yield component of winter types, while sowing dates and seed rates hardly affected the components seeds/pod and seed weight, which displayed stable genotypic rank orders. Compensative forces among the components plants/m², tillers/plant and pods/tiller, were established. Plant densities of less than 10/m² in spring, generally led to seed yield below 350 g/m². Variation between 15–30 plants/m² due to environments, sowing times or seed rates were frequently not fully compensated by tillering of plants, but often variation of the thus formed yield potential was reduced by pod set of tillers resulting in 210–270 pods/m². The direction of correlations of pods/tillers with tillers/plant and plants/m² differed due to experimental conditions whereas negative correlations between pods/tiller and tillers/ m² were generally evident. Tillering was significantly influenced by the sowing time, though the increase because of early sowing was often covered by compensative effects of different plant densities. A genotypic capability to produce reproductive tillers was demonstrated using an approach which considered different plant densities and compensative forces. Neither a genotypic capability of tillers to set pods nor direct effects of environments or sowing time on pod set were established.  相似文献   

Effect of Egyptian cooking methods of faba beans on its nutritive value,dietary protein utilization and iron deficiency anemia 1. The role of main technological pretreatments     

A. A. Bakr 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1996,49(1):83-92

In order to study the effects of main technological pretreatments practised for preparing Egyptian faba bean products, i.e. decortication as well as soaking and germination followed by dehulling on the nutritional value, series of experiments were carried out. Such pretreatments had a significant effect on the changes in the chemical composition of faba beans. The proportion of the removed hulls reached generally about 14%. Data revealed also pronounced improvements on the nutritive value as a result of all studied pretreatments, especially germination being the most effective. Chemical scoring of all determined essential amino acids was >60, except methionine and cystine showed the lowest score (<20). Germinated seeds had the highest chemical score for the restricting amino acids beside the lowest GDR value [Grams consumed of product to cover the daily requirements for adult man in protein (63 g) and in energy (2900 kcal)]. All pretreatments caused a significant decrease in the antinutritional factors, especially soaking followed by dehulling, whereas decortication led to a significant increase in phytic acid content.  相似文献   

Flowering-pattern and yield components at inflorescence nodes of snap bean as affected by irrigation and plant density     

Craighton S. Mauk  Patrick J. Breen  Harry J. Mack 《Scientia Horticulturae》1984,23(1):9-19

This paper reports the results of a 2 × 2 factorial experiment on bush snap beans ‘Oregon 1604’. The treatments were 2 contrasted irrigation regimes and 2 contrasted plant densities, and were applied in 1978 and repeated in 1979. Data were collected on the number of flowers and pods, and pod size, at each node of the terminal inflorescence (6-T) of the main stem, and at each node of the oldest inflorescence (2-A) at Node 2. High and low plant densities were 45 and 18 plants m^?2 in 1978 and 54 and 33 plants m^?2 in 1979. High temperatures, frequently above 32°C, prevailed during bloom and pod development in 1978, but for the most part occurred only during the week prior to bloom in 1979. Inflorescences 6-T and 2-A usually formed 4 and 3 RN's, respectively, in 1978 and 3 and 2 RN's in 1979. The flowers at the proximal nodes of each inflorescence all opened within a few days of one another (duration of flowering at proximal nodes between 3 and 5 days); the flowering-periods of adjacent nodes overlapped, and the flowering period increased acropetally within the inflorescence (duration of flowering at distal nodes between 7 and 13 days). In general, number of flowers, pods formed, pods harvested and percent set decreased acropetally within each inflorescence. The rate of acropetal decline was lessened by high irrigation or low plant density. In both years, high irrigation increased the percent set of all RN's of the 2-A inflorescences, but few other consistent effects between years were observed. The 2 most proximal RN's together produced 93% or more of the yield of each inflorescence. High irrigation significantly increased the total number of pods harvested from these RN's of inflorescences 6-T and 2-A, and low density had a similar effect on 2-A.  相似文献