辣椒疫病发病主导因素及综合防治技术研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王润初 《中国植保导刊》2002,22(8):22-23

通过3a在多年辣椒重茬地的田间试验及调查研究,基本明确了辣椒疫病发生与灌水方法、栽培方式、降水、中心病株的出现等主导因素的关系。提出了栽培防病、化学治疗的综防技术,达到控病增产的目的。  相似文献   

辣椒疫霉漆酶基因Pclac3克隆表达     

冯宝珍  李培谦  刘丽华 《山西农业科学》2014,(1):1-5

辣椒疫霉是一种侵染性植物病原,能引起多种茄科及葫芦科植物的病害。利用同源克隆法从辣椒疫霉基因组内克隆了漆酶基因Pclac3,该基因全长1 881个核苷酸,编码626个氨基酸,与已知的真菌漆酶基因具有较高的同源性,并且具备漆酶基因的保守区域。利用PCR将该基因克隆于pPIC9K载体,并转化于毕赤酵母GS115,经过1%甲醇诱导表达获得其异源表达产物。将表达产物进行SDS-PAGE检测,获得分子量大约为90 kDa的特异蛋白。利用ABTS法对Pclac3的表达产物粗酶液进行酶活性分析发现,其活性在第11天时最大,达到45 U/mL。这为研究辣椒疫霉漆酶基因家族及探索卵菌漆酶生物活性及其潜在的应用提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

SMART技术构建的辣椒疫霉菌与辣椒互作AD-cDNA文库     

周志国  明月梅 《中国蔬菜》2015,1(11):51-54

为了分离和克隆辣椒中疫霉菌诱导基因,以接种辣椒疫霉菌的叶片为材料,利用SMART技术构建辣椒疫霉菌与辣椒互作的双杂交c DNA文库。结果表明:该文库容量为3.6×106cfu,重组率88%左右,插入片段集中在300~2000bp之间,平均长度约为800bp,表明获得的文库质量较高,该文库将为分子育种提供重要的基因资源。  相似文献   

防治胡椒瘟病的生物农药和新型低毒化学农药筛选     

桑利伟  刘爱勤  高圣风  孙世伟  苟亚峰  王政  孟倩倩 《热带作物学报》2016,36(10):43-45

胡椒瘟病是危害我国胡椒产业的首要病害，目前基本依赖使用化学农药防治。筛选应用生物农药是减少化学农药用量的有效途径。本文采用生长速率法测定胡椒瘟病病原菌对12种生物农药和新型低毒化学农药的敏感性。结果表明：70%烯酰?嘧菌酯WG、木霉菌WP和枯草芽孢杆菌WP对胡椒瘟病病原菌的抑菌效果好且敏感性高，EC50分别为0.211 3、0.49和0.78 μg/mL。  相似文献   

The effect of timing of fungicide applications on control of frogeye leaf spot and grain yield of soybeans     

Chrysantus N. Akem 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1995,101(2):183-187

Soybean cultivar Samsoy 1, and the breeding lines TGx 849-313D and TGx 996-26E, grown in a field with a heavy epidemic of frogeye leaf spot caused byCercospora sojina, were treated with double foliar applications of the fungicide benomyl. The treatments were made using four application schedules at six different growth stages, starting from V₃ (fully developed leaves, beginning with trifoliate nodes) to R₅ (beginning seed_, to determine the effect of the fungucide timing on frogeye leaf spot severity, soybean grain yield and grain quality. Generally, applications at R₁ (beginning bloom) and R₃ (beginning pod) significantly (P<-0.05) reduced disease severity in the 2 susceptible genotypes, Samsoy 1 and TGx 849-313D. Plot yields of these genotypes were also significantly greater than the untreated controls when the fungicide applications were made at R₁ and R₃. There was no significant difference in diseave severity or grain yield, between the untreated control and the different times of application, on the resistant genotype TGx 996-26E. Improved seed germination and lower levels of seed infection byC. sojina occurred for all fungicide timings in the susceptible genotypes. The results suggest that fungicide spraying initiated at R₁ and followed up at R₃ is most effective in frogeye leaf spot control and can also result in higher grain yields, than applications made earlier or later in the season. Control of frogeye leaf spot, however, is best achieved by growing resistant cultivars.  相似文献   

Localized hemibiotrophy in Colletotrichum: cytological and molecular taxonomic similarities among C. destructivum, C. linicola and C. truncatum   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

A. O. Latunde-Dada  J. A. Lucas 《Plant pathology》2007,56(3):437-447

The infection process of hemibiotrophic isolates of Colletotrichum linicola (from flax, Linum usitatissimum ) and C . truncatum (from broad bean, Vicia faba and lentil, Lens culinaris ) was studied by light microscopy. Host surfaces were penetrated directly leading to a symptomless, biotrophic phase characterized by the elaboration of large multilobed, multiseptate, vesicular primary hyphae that were restricted to the initially infected epidermal cells. Biotrophy lasted for the first 48 h of the host-pathogen interaction and was rapidly succeeded by a necrotrophic phase during which narrow, secondary hyphae invaded the surrounding leaf tissues and water-soaked spreading lesions with sporulating, monosetate acervuli were produced on infected host surfaces. Molecular taxonomic analysis of the nucleotide sequences of the amplified D2 and ITS-2 regions of rDNA revealed very close similarities (97–99%) between these isolates and those of C . destructivum obtained from cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata ) and lucerne ( Medicago sativa ), and also of C . truncatum obtained from pea ( Pisum sativum ). This association was consistent with results from a comparative assessment of some in-planta and in-vitro morphological and growth characteristics of these hemibiotrophic fungi. It was concluded that localized hemibiotrophy is an infection strategy utilized predominantly by a closely-related group of pathogens comprising C . destructivum , C . linicola and C. truncatum , and the formation of multilobed primary hyphae restricted to the first penetrated cell might therefore be a key taxonomic character which correlates consistently with ITS sequence data.  相似文献   

胡椒瘟病病原菌对12种杀菌剂的敏感性测定     

刘爱勤  桑利伟  孙世伟  苟亚峰 《热带作物学报》2009,33(2):11-13

采用生长速率法测定了胡椒瘟病病原菌对常用的12种杀菌剂的敏感性。试验结果表明，胡椒瘟病病原菌对不同供试杀菌剂的敏感性存在明显差异，其中69　%烯酰吗啉·锰锌WP、25　%甲霜·霜霉WP、50 %烯酰吗啉WP和36 %霜休锰锌WP对病原菌的抑菌效果好且敏感性高，EC50分别为1.862　1、1.129 8、3.419 8和6.309 6　μg/mL；50 %琥铜甲霜WP次之。  相似文献   

颗粒剂农药防治辣椒疫病的研究     

张进文  郝丽珍  刘树清  胡宁宝  皇甫武威 《内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版)》1998,(4)

选择了５种杀菌剂，将其制成具有缓释性能的颗粒剂，施在辣椒根茎基部防治辣椒疫病。室内接种试验，有４种颗粒剂施药７ｄ后防效１００％，２１ｄ后防效９５％以上。田间试验防效平均在８４％以上，连续３年田间应用，防效为８０％左右。  相似文献   

辣椒种衣剂包衣防疫病机理的研究     

李海燕  刘惕若  于培芝 《黑龙江八一农垦大学学报》2004,16(3):20-23

研究表明：种衣剂处理对辣椒疫霉菌的侵染过程及辣椒植株的防御酶系均有影响。包衣处理的叶片上休止胞的萌发畸形，不形成附着胞，无力侵入寄主，侵入时间也比对照明显滞后，菌丝在寄主组织内的扩展速度及孢子囊产生的数量明显受到抑制。接种后，过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)及苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)比对照均有不同程度的提高，出现活性高峰后开始下降。表明甲霜灵对寄主植物抗性的影响具有一定的时间性，且与疫霉菌的激发有关。  相似文献   

杜松赤枯病防治技术的研究     

赵经周  郝雅娟 《林业科技》1991,16(3):27-29

由Cercospora sequoiae var.juniperi引起的杜松赤枯病在黑龙江省分布比较普遍。两季发病严重,能导致被害株死亡。6月中旬至7月上旬喷药。在双效灵、甲基托布津可湿性粉剂和多菌灵三种农药中,以50％多菌灵,用量为70ml/a时,防治效果最好。  相似文献