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[目的]比较不同方法提取的香茅草挥发油化学成分。[方法]采用超临界CO2流体萃取法(SCDE)及水蒸气蒸馏法(SD)从香茅草中提取挥发油,用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)对其化学成分进行定性定量分析。[结果]在超临界CO2流体萃取法提取的挥发油中共鉴定了31种成分,占挥发油总成分的91%以上;在水蒸气蒸馏法提取的挥发油中共鉴定了17种成分,占挥发油的94%以上。2种提取方法得到的挥发油组分及其含量差异较大,含量最高的都是香叶醛和橙花醛。[结论]超临界CO2流体萃取法提取的挥发油比水蒸气蒸馏法能更真实、全面的反映药材中的化学成分。 相似文献
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柠檬草精油抗菌性研究 总被引：17，自引：1，他引：17
采用上海地区种植的柠檬草(Cymbopogoncitratus),提取其精油对4种致病菌进行了定性的和定量的抗菌性研究,这4种致病菌是消毒上所针对的主要菌种。定性试验采用贴片法测定了柠檬草精油的抗菌圈直径;定量试验则采用试管培养法对柠檬草精油的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)进行了测定。结果表明:柠檬草精油对所测定的4种致病菌均有很好的抗性,其中对于金黄色葡萄球菌Staphylococcusaureus(G-)的抑制性最强,最低的抑制浓度是0.05μL·mL-1;其次为枯草芽孢杆菌Bacil-lussubtilis(G+)0.1μL·mL-1,而对于大肠杆菌Escherichiacoli(G-)和白色念珠菌Candidaalbicans最低抑制浓度为0.2μL·mL-1。 相似文献
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BACKGROUND: Essential oils isolated from Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf. and Eucalyptus citriodora Hook grown in Colombia were analysed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) and tested for repellent activity and contact toxicity against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst.) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). RESULTS: The main components of C. citratus oil were geranial (34.4%), neral (28.4%) and geraniol (11.5%), whereas those of E. citriodora were citronellal (40%), isopulegol (14.6%) and citronellol (13%). The mean repellent doses after 4 h exposure were 0.021 and 0.084 mL L?1 for C. citratus and E. citriodora oils respectively—values lower than that observed for the commercial product IR3535 (0.686 mL L?1). CONCLUSION: These studies showed the composition and repellent activity of essential oils of C. citratus and E. citriodora, suggesting that these are potential candidates as insect repellents. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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An efficient plant propagation system through somatic embryogenesis was established in Cymbopogon pendulus, an aromatic grass followed by analysis of genetic status of regenerants using ISSR markers. Optimum embryogenic callus induction was observed on MS basal medium supplemented with 13.57 μM 2,4-dicholorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) with 8.88 μM N6-benzyladenine (BA). Subsequent culturing of embryogenic calli on MS medium containing 4.52 μM 2,4-D and 8.88–13.32 μM BA gave maximum number of somatic embryos. Addition of coconut water (CW) promoted induction, growth and differentiation of callus and somatic embryogenesis. Further development of embryos into plantlets was achieved on MS medium supplemented with lower concentration of biotin and calcium pantothenate (CaP) along with BA (4.44–13.32 μM) and kinetin (2.32–4.65 μM). The root meristems were established on half strength MS medium containing 2% sucrose and 2.46–9.84 μM Indole3-butyric acid (IBA) and successfully established in soil with 77.8% survival rate in field condition. Thirteen randomly selected regenerated clones were screened using six ISSR primers. Nine clones produced similar monomorphic amplification profiles while remaining clones showed minor variation with absence of certain parental bands and appearance of unique band. Majority of the regenerants maintained genetic fidelity with the generation of few variants as evidenced from similarity matrix estimates using Nei Li's coefficient of similarity data. 相似文献
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本研究以芸香草为试验材料,采用RT-PCR和RACE技术对芸香草CdLEA3基因进行了分离克隆以及原核分析,并进行了生物信息学分析与原核表达分析。结果显示,芸香草CdLEA3基因的cDNA全长为934 bp,含627 bp的最大开放阅读框,编码208个氨基酸;生物信息学分析表明,CdLEA3基因编码蛋白的分子质量预测为21.6 kD,包含75.5%的亲水性氨基酸,不稳定指数为34.5,具有极强的亲水性,属于稳定性强的亲水性蛋白。CdLEA3基因编码蛋白的二级结构主要为α-螺旋结构;SDS-PAGE分析表明CdLEA3蛋白分子质量约为22 kD,且全部在上清液中表达。本研究通过对芸香草CdLEA3基因克隆分析,为进一步研究CdLEA3基因的分子作用机制及功能提供科学依据。 相似文献
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《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(22):2741-2764
ABSTRACT The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of biochar derived from the distilled waste of Cymbopogon winterianus at two different pyrolysis temperatures (450°C and 850°C) on the chemical and biological properties of sandy loamy soil (SLS) and its subsequent impact on plant growth. Pot experiments utilizing Bacopa monnieri were performed in a greenhouse with four different application rates of biochar (2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% (w/w)) for 120 days. Biochar induced alterations in soil properties (nutrients, enzymes, and microbes) and plant responses (yield, biocide and antioxidant content) to biochar addition were measured. Biochar application, notably improved the soil carbon, cation exchange capacity, and the availability of NH4 + and phosphorus. Initially, biochar produced at the lower temperature had more effect on the available nitrogen, phosphorus, soil enzymatic properties, and plant biomass growth. After 120 days, the pyrolysis temperature had only a marginal influence on biochar-induced effects on soil pH, WHC, and soil enzymatic activities. Our results suggest that C. winterianus derived biochar amendment leads to an overall amelioration of soil fertility and plant growth improvement. In specific biochar produced at lower temperatures (450°C) was more effective for improvement of plant biomass and soil characteristics. 相似文献
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Kurunthachalam Senthil Kumar Kenneth S. Sajwan Ashok K. Alva Sellamuthu Manian 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(2):205-219
Abstract Litter decomposition rate, changes in macronutrients such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) from different grades of litter decomposition and occurrence of soil microfungi were investigated in a Cymbopogon polyneuros-dominated tall grass ecosystem from a burned and an unburned site in southern India. The litter decomposition rate was higher at the burned site than at the unburned site. This rate was also higher when the litter was mixed with the mineral soil material than leaving the litter unaffected on the soil surface. The concentrations of N, P, and K in the litter decreased as a result of progressed litter decomposition. Occurrence of microfungi identified from the different decomposition grades of the Cymbopogon polyneuros litter was higher at the burned site compared to the unburned site. Microfungal species present at both sites showed only minor differences. 相似文献
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对香茅纹枯病病原菌进行分离鉴定及其生物学特性研究。结果表明：香茅纹枯病病原菌为立枯丝核菌（Rhizoctonia solani Kühn）;其最适生长培养基为马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂培养基,最适pH值为8,在可溶性淀粉为碳源的查彼克琼脂培养基上生长最快,在麦芽糖为碳源的查彼克琼脂培养基产菌核最多;该病原菌生长对氮源有一定偏嗜性,一般应在其分离培养基内添加硝酸钾作氮源;最适培养条件为25～30℃,全光照。寄主范围测定表明,人工接种该病原菌能侵染花梨木（Dalbergia odorifera T.Chen）、大叶桃花心木（Swieteniamacrophylla King.）、虎刺梅（Euphorbia milii var.splendens（Bojer ex Hook.）Ursch）、玉米（Zea mays L.）、水稻（Oryza sativa L.）、新台糖22号糖蔗（Saccharum officinarum L.T22）和果蔗（Saccharum sinense L.Home.）、雨树（Samanea saman（Jacq.）Merr.）、普通烟（Nicotiana tabacum L.）、发财树（Pachira aqualica Aubl）等10种盆栽植物幼苗。 相似文献
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香茅,花椒精油成分分析及对储粮曲霉和青霉熏杀效果的初步研究 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
分析结果表明,花椒精油含21种成分,主要成分为2,5—1,1—二甲基乙基噻吩。香茅精油含31种成分。精油及部分单体对7种储粮曲霉与青霉抑菌效果明显。其顺序为:香茅醇>香茅油≥香茅醛≥花椒精油≥α—蒎烯≥β—蒎烯。随浓度升高杀菌效果增强。0.5μl/cm~2剂量的精油或被测单休均可抑制霉菌孢子萌发和菌丝生长。 相似文献