甘蔗转基因改良及转基因检测机构的角色     

陈平华  许莉萍  王恒波  陈由强  陈如凯 《热带作物学报》2009,29(12):39-40

我国甘蔗转基因研究取得了长足进展，现对我国甘蔗转基因研究实践中使用的改良方法进行回顾总结，并结合国际甘蔗转基因研究的现状指出未来甘蔗转基因研究的发展方向。针对转基因研究的高度社会敏感性，阐述法定转基因检测机构对保护和促进我国甘蔗转基因研究健康发展将起到的重要作用。  相似文献   

Tipping Points in Seaweed Genetic Engineering: Scaling Up Opportunities in the Next Decade     

Hanzhi Lin  Song Qin 《Marine drugs》2014,12(5):3025-3045

Seaweed genetic engineering is a transgenic expression system with unique features compared with those of heterotrophic prokaryotes and higher plants. This study discusses several newly sequenced seaweed nuclear genomes and the necessity that research on vector design should consider endogenous promoters, codon optimization, and gene copy number. Seaweed viruses and artificial transposons can be applied as transformation methods after acquiring a comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of viral infections in seaweeds and transposon patterns in seaweed genomes. After cultivating transgenic algal cells and tissues in a photobioreactor, a biosafety assessment of genetically modified (GM) seaweeds must be conducted before open-sea application. We propose a set of programs for the evaluation of gene flow from GM seaweeds to local/geographical environments. The effective implementation of such programs requires fundamentally systematic and interdisciplinary studies on algal physiology and genetics, marine hydrology, reproductive biology, and ecology.  相似文献   

Evaluation of the feed value of a transgenic strain of the narrow‐leaf lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) in the diet of the marine fish,Pagrus auratus     

B. Glencross  J. Curnow  W. Hawkins  G. W. M. Kissil  D Peterson 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2003,9(3):197-206

This study assessed the nutritional and biological value of a noncommercial, transgenic line of the Australian sweet lupin, Lupinus angustifolius, (cv. Warrah), produced to increase the methionine content of the seed. An initial experiment demonstrated that differences in the methionine content of the transgenic and nontransgenic control lupins had no apparent influence on the growth of juvenile red seabream fed practical diets. Re‐evaluation of the nutritional characteristics of the lupin meals with subsequent digestibility studies allowed the determination of the digestible value of the protein and energy content of each of the varieties. The digestible protein content of either variety was similar, however significant differences in the digestible energy value of each variety existed (56.3% cf. 64.0%). This re‐evaluation of the nutritional value of the genetically manipulated (GM) and non‐GM lupin varieties enabled the reformulation of diets on a digestible protein and energy basis. A second growth trial was undertaken using sub‐satietal pair‐feeding regimes, with the experiment also involving protein‐restrictive diets to allow expression of the differences in the methionine content of the transgenic and nontransgenic lupin meals. A significant benefit of the enhanced methionine level in the transgenic lupin was observed. It is argued that in the high‐protein fish diets used, the importance of amino acid composition is relatively limited. Economic modelling of the potential value of the increased methionine in the transgenic lupin suggests that this will have limited benefit for aquaculture industries, and that greater value would be attributable to higher protein and energy levels in ingredients.  相似文献   

加快发展现代农业|大力推进转基因生物育种产业化   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

黄大昉 《中国农业科技导报》2007,9(3):9-12

生物技术同常规农业技术结合，推进转基因生物育种研究开发和产业化，将对我国现代农业的发展发挥巨大作用。综述了国内外转基因农作物研究和产业化的最新进展，并建议：①实行积极的产业化政策；②加强科普宣传，理性认识转基因安全；③加强基础研究，提高自主创新能力。  相似文献   

草胺膦抗性基因bar的原核表达与蛋白质纯化          下载免费PDF全文

薄慧杰  卢长明  吴刚 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,35(2):83-87

通过PCR扩增,从pCAMBIA1300-bar质粒中获得bar基因编码区全长,经酶切鉴定和测序后证实,bar基因分离成功。用BamH和Hind酶切,将bar基因与原核表达载体pET28a(+)连接,构建成重组质粒pET28bar。将重组质粒pET28 bar转化大肠杆菌菌株BL21(DE3)后,获得高效表达。SDS-PAGE电泳分析显示,目的蛋白主要以包涵体形式存在,蛋白质分子量约为27 ku。将包涵体离心、洗涤和纯化后,得到高纯度的目的蛋白。该蛋白可以替代植物外源蛋白进行转bar基因产品的食用安全性检测,也可用于转bar基因产品ELISA检测的抗体制备。  相似文献   

转基因农产品标识管理和检测技术研究进展   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

金红 《天津农业科学》2002,8(4):48-53

对国内外转基因植物和转基因农产品及其加工食品的释放情况进行综述,并介绍了世界主要国家和地区对转基因食品的安全管理法规,重点概述了转基因农产品及其加工食品检测技术的进展情况,对各种检测方法及其应用范围做了比较,提出了今后我国在转基因检测技术方面的研究领域和发展趋势。  相似文献   

GMOs in animal agriculture: time to consider both costs and benefits in regulatory evaluations     

Alison L Van Eenennaam 《畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)》2013,4(1):37

In 2012, genetically engineered (GE) crops were grown by 17.3 million farmers on over 170 million hectares. Over 70% of harvested GE biomass is fed to food producing animals, making them the major consumers of GE crops for the past 15 plus years. Prior to commercialization, GE crops go through an extensive regulatory evaluation. Over one hundred regulatory submissions have shown compositional equivalence, and comparable levels of safety, between GE crops and their conventional counterparts. One component of regulatory compliance is whole GE food/feed animal feeding studies. Both regulatory studies and independent peer-reviewed studies have shown that GE crops can be safely used in animal feed, and rDNA fragments have never been detected in products (e.g. milk, meat, eggs) derived from animals that consumed GE feed. Despite the fact that the scientific weight of evidence from these hundreds of studies have not revealed unique risks associated with GE feed, some groups are calling for more animal feeding studies, including long-term rodent studies and studies in target livestock species for the approval of GE crops. It is an opportune time to review the results of such studies as have been done to date to evaluate the value of the additional information obtained. Requiring long-term and target animal feeding studies would sharply increase regulatory compliance costs and prolong the regulatory process associated with the commercialization of GE crops. Such costs may impede the development of feed crops with enhanced nutritional characteristics and durability, particularly in the local varieties in small and poor developing countries. More generally it is time for regulatory evaluations to more explicitly consider both the reasonable and unique risks and benefits associated with the use of both GE plants and animals in agricultural systems, and weigh them against those associated with existing systems, and those of regulatory inaction. This would represent a shift away from a GE evaluation process that currently focuses only on risk assessment and identifying ever diminishing marginal hazards, to a regulatory approach that more objectively evaluates and communicates the likely impact of approving a new GE plant or animal on agricultural production systems.  相似文献   

应用多重PCR-DHPLC方法快速检测转基因马铃薯及EH92-527-1品系鉴定     

白月  栾凤侠  高宏伟 《中国马铃薯》2011,25(3)

以EH92-527-1转基因马铃薯为试材,应用多重PCR技术同时扩增马铃薯的内源基因(UGPase)和外源基因(NOS终止子、NPTII结构基因和EH92-527-1品系特异基因),将扩增产物在DHPLC非变性条件下分离,分析几个基因扩增的结果;将模板进行稀释,确定了方法的检测灵敏度,并与凝胶电泳结果相比较,建立了马铃薯转基因成分筛选检测及品系鉴定的多重PCR-变性高效液相色谱(DHPLC)方法。试验结果表明,该方法能够同时筛选检测转基因马铃薯的四个内、外源基因,且与凝胶成像相比,有更好的检测灵敏度,可达到1 ng/μL。本文首次建立的马铃薯多重PCR-DHPLC检测方法,能够高通量快速准确的检测马铃薯中的转基因成分及对品系进行鉴定。  相似文献   

植酸酶基因定性PCR检测方法及阳性质粒分子的构建     

李俊  刘信  曹应龙  武玉花  厉建萌  吴刚  张丽  卢长明 《作物学报》2012,38(4):639-647

植酸酶基因在农业生产中具有很高的应用价值,正被广泛用于农作物的基因工程研究。为了满足转植酸酶基因作物安全监管的需要,通过优化PCR检测条件,建立了植酸酶基因特异性定性PCR检测方法。该方法具有良好的扩增特异性和检测灵敏度,可以满足我国植酸酶转基因作物监管需要。此外,我们将6大作物(小麦、水稻、棉花、大豆、玉米和油菜)的内标准基因和植酸酶基因克隆到同一载体上,构建成了阳性质粒分子pBS Endogenous-phytase。该质粒分子适用于这6大作物中植酸酶基因的筛查检测。本研究为转植酸酶基因作物的安全监管提供了阳性材料和检测方法。  相似文献   

基于多重串联式PCR的基因碟片技术检测转基因作物     

魏霜  陈贞  马骏  白卫滨  吴希阳 《中国农业科学》2012,45(5):1010-1016

【目的】建立基于多重串联式PCR（multiplexed tandem PCR,MT-PCR）的基因碟片技术,并使之应用于转基因作物的大量、快速和稳定地检测。【方法】以转基因作物研究中常用的调控序列NOS终止子、FMV35S启动子及外源基因NPTⅡ、Cry1Ab、Cry1Ab/Ac、CP4-EPSPS、PAT和玉米内源基因IVR、棉花内源基因sad1、菜籽粕内源基因PEP为检测对象,针对每个基因设计内外2对引物,先进行一次循环数较少（10-20 cycles）的高通量多重PCR,以便在均匀地扩增各基因和调控序列的同时避免引物之间的竞争,然后利用巢式荧光定量PCR检测各个基因和调控序列,最后根据扩增曲线和熔融曲线分析结果。【结果】该方法能够快速（＜2 h）、高通量、准确地（＞0.000292 ng）检测出棉花、玉米、大米、菜籽粕中的多种转基因成分,可以分辨出3种转基因物种,适合大批量检测。【结论】该方法适合转基因作物的高通量、定量检测,具有较好的应用前景。  相似文献