Effect of 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid and 2,4-dimethylphenol on human erythrocytes     

Bo?ena Bukowska  Katarzyna GoszczyńskaWirgiliusz Duda 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2003,77(3):92-98

The effects of exposure of human erythrocytes to different concentrations of 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) and its metabolite—2,4-dimethylphenol (2,4-DMP) were studied. The investigations concerned mainly the content of glutathione (GSH and GSSG), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione transferase (GST), and the level of adenine energy charge (AEC). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and nitric oxide are produced during normal processes in the cell. Under normal conditions, antioxidant systems of the cell minimize damage caused by ROS. When ROS generation increases to an extent that it overcomes the cellular antioxidant systems, the result is oxidative stress. We observed that MCPA and 2,4-DMP decreased the level of GSH in erythrocytes in comparison with control. MCPA did not affect glutathione peroxidase and glutathione transferase activity, while 2,4-DMP increased their activity. 2,4-DMP decreased the level of ATP and increased the content of ADP and AMP, leading to the fall of the level of AEC. MCPA and 2,4-DMP transform hemoglobin into methemoglobin, thus preventing oxygen transport. Comparison of the toxicity of MCPA and 2,4-DMP revealed that the most prominent changes occurred in human erythrocytes incubated with 2,4-DMP.  相似文献   

56%2甲4氯钠水溶性粉剂除春小麦田一年生阔叶杂草效果及对春小麦安全性试验     

李玮 《青海农林科技》2014,(2):5-7

56%2甲4氯钠水溶性粉剂是防除春小麦田间杂草的新型除草剂,为明确其田间使用的除草效果及对小麦的安全性,进行了田间药效试验。结果表明,56%2甲4氯钠水溶性粉剂在春小麦田间应用能有效防除多种阔叶杂草,使用剂量以2250~3750g/hm2为宜,在春小麦3~5叶期、双子叶杂草2~8叶期每公顷兑水300kg茎叶喷雾。对供试春小麦高原438号品种安全,使用后增产9.47%~10.24%。  相似文献   

Growth and development of Cirsium arvense in relation to herbicide dose,timing of herbicide application and crop presence     

Varwi Jacob Tavaziva  Theo Verwijst 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2019,69(3):189-198

The aim of this study is to assess control effects of 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) dosage, application timing and crop presence on the weed Cirsium arvense. Swedish farmers are recommended to control C. arvense chemically when most shoots are 10-20 cm tall, and mechanically at the compensation point (CP). Recent studies have shown that the CP occurs before shoots reach the three-leaf stage. We hypothesised that (i) herbicide application near the three-leaf stage gives the strongest control, (ii) crop presence increases herbicide effects, and (iii) a 50% herbicide dose gives the same effect as 100%. Treatments of the pot experiment consisted of MCPA 750; 0%, 50% and 100% of the recommended dose applied at leaf stages 3-8, with and without barley. The strongest control was obtained at four leaves and a maximum shoot height of 13 cm, using the recommended dose and with spring barley. In a field population, a maximum shoot height of 13 cm corresponded to a medium height of 6 cm. The 50% dose gave poorer control. Spraying with the recommended dose at the four-leaf stage reduced the development of C. arvense most effectively. Based on this, we recommend that herbicide spraying should be performed at earlier leaf stages/median heights than previously recommended.  相似文献   

小麦种子对二甲四氯敏感性的测定     

崔乘幸  任锋利  谢红兵 《安徽农业科学》2006,34(23):6115-6115,6144

以小麦为试材,测定了二甲四氯对小麦种子芽长、根长和鲜重的抑制作用。结果表明:二甲四氯对小麦种子芽长的72 hEC50为798.28 mg/kg;二甲四氯对小麦种子芽长、根长和鲜重的抑制作用之间存在极显著差异。  相似文献   

MCPA对小麦幼苗生长及生理性状的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

娄国强  吕文彦  职明星 《麦类作物学报》2006,26(5):143-145

为了给MCPA在小麦上的合理应用提供依据，以黄淮南部麦区8个主要小麦品种为材料，研究了不同浓度MCPA对小麦幼苗株高、叶绿素、脯氨酸和相对电导率的影响。结果表明，不同小麦品种对MC—PA的敏感度存在极显著差异；低浓度MCPA对小麦幼苗生长没有显著的影响，高浓度对某些小麦品种幼苗生长有显著抑制作用。周麦13、高优503、周麦16和温麦6号对MCPA敏感，其临界浓度为3．1250mg／L；郑农16、偃师4110、百农68和百农64对MCPA不敏感。  相似文献   

2甲4氯人工抗原的合成与鉴定   总被引：8，自引：5，他引：8       下载免费PDF全文

施海燕  吴慧明  程敬丽  朱国念 《农药学学报》2004,6(2):20-24

以除草剂2甲4氯(MCPA,简写为M)、氯化亚砜、氨基己酸和氨基丁酸等为起始原料,经两步化学反应分别合成了两种MCPA半抗原:6-(2-甲基-4-氯苯氧乙酰基)氨基己酸(MC)和4-(2-甲基-4-氯苯氧乙酰基)氨基丁酸(MB)。并通过碳二亚胺法和混合酸酐法将MCPA、MC和MB分别与载体蛋白(BSA、OVA)偶联制备了2甲4氯的免疫抗原和包被抗原。再将M-BSA、MC-BSA和MB-BSA分别免疫新西兰大白兔获得了3种抗2甲4氯的多克隆抗体:抗M-BSA抗体(M-Ab)、抗MC-BSA抗体(MC-Ab)和抗MB-BSA抗体(MB-Ab),当相应的包被抗原浓度均为4 μg/mL时,相应的冻干粉效价分别为1.0×106,1.2×106和2.0×106。在同源反应中,仅M-Ab适用于2甲4氯的残留检测,其线性浓度范围为0.01~10 mg/L(IC50为1.3 mg/L,MC-Ab 和MB-Ab均大于50 mg/L),最低检测限为0.01 mg/L。研究结果为进一步研制2甲4氯快速检测试剂盒奠定了基础。  相似文献   

2甲4氯标样的制备     

渠锋  莫汉宏 《农药科学与管理》1998,19(4):7-7,10

本文论述了从商品２甲４氯钠盐水剂中制备２甲４氯标准样品的方法,采秀红外光谱,紫外光谱,高效液相色谱法鉴定其纯度。  相似文献   

二甲四氯与尿素混用对小麦光合速率及产量的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王家官  王鑫 《安徽农学通报》2006,12(9):80-82

本试验采用了二因素随机区组设计,主要研究了除草剂二甲四氯(设5个水平)与氮肥(尿素,设5个水平)混施对冬小麦田小麦植株的光合速率和产量的影响,筛选出了安全、高效的除草剂与氮肥混施的方案。试验结果表明:二甲四氯与尿素在冬小麦返青、拔节期间合理混施,不仅可以促进小麦生长发育,改善小麦农艺性状,提高小麦产量,且对杂草有良好的防除效果(有文另发)。在保证小麦安全生长、提高产量和兼顾杂草防效的基础上,它们之间的优化配比量为:二甲四氯(1500-2250g/hm2) 尿素(337.5-450kg/hm2)。  相似文献   

2甲4氯除草肥对胡麻的安全性试验研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

董丽平  郭平毅  史洪中 《安徽农业科学》2006,34(17):4349-4350,4392

采用盆栽试验和完全随机的方法,研究了2甲4氯除草剂与肥料混用在胡麻田中的安全性,对不同浓度2甲4氯除草肥处理的胡麻及其模拟杂草的出苗数、株高、鲜重等形态指标及胡麻的硝酸还原酶、过氧化物酶(POD)活性2项生理指标进行了测定分析。结果表明:2甲4氯用量为1.125 kg/hm2时,可与肥料混用作为胡麻田良好的除草肥。  相似文献   

甲草胺·乙草胺·莠去津悬浮剂中混有2甲4氯造成棉花药害的技术鉴定     

张宏军  吴进龙  姜宜飞  刘学  陈铁春 《杂草科学》2008,(4)

除草剂使用不当所造成的危害已日益成为我国农业可持续发展的一大障碍,而药害的技术鉴定及治理又非常复杂.文章根据棉花受害症状、反应速度、周边杂草受害症状及农药企业的基本生产情况等,初步确定可能造成药害的除草剂种类.利用气质联用仪将供试药害的样品与一些标样在同一条件下的总离子流色谱图和质谱图进行比较,确认甲草胺·乙草胺·莠去津悬浮剂中含有造成棉花药害的2甲4氯,并测定2甲4氯的含量为6.0%.  相似文献