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排序方式: 共有151条查询结果,搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
应用硫氟磺酰胺毒饵防治红火蚁 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
应用硫氟磺酰胺毒饵在广西陆川防治25hm^2红火蚁的结果表明,施药后3d蚁巢内即有红火蚁个体死亡。施药后7、14、21d的防治效果分别可达81.5%,93.9%和100%;施药后余下的顽固蚁巢和7d后出现的新蚁巢经再度施药后14d全部死亡;从5月23日到11月25日蚁群全部死亡的5欢监测、调查,既诱捕不到工蚁,也没有发现新蚁巢。因此,硫氟磺酰胺毒饵不仅具有高效、快速、安全、使用方便等特点,而且硫氟磺酰胺的应用完全可以取代目前国外普遍使用的二步施药法中的灌巢法。 相似文献
2.
The temperature-dependent population growth potential of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley, a highly polyphagous and invasive mealybug species, was studied on sprouted potatoes under laboratory conditions at six constant temperatures (15–40 °C). Several non-linear equations were fitted to the obtained data to model temperature-dependent population growth and species life history. The established equations for each life age/stage of the species were compiled to obtain an overall temperature-dependent phenology model. The life table parameters of P. solenopsis were estimated using stochastic simulation centred on a rate summation and cohort up-dating approach. The theoretical lower development threshold temperatures estimated using linear regressions applied to mean development rates were 11.2, 8.9, 9.8 and 12.7 °C, and the thermal constants for development were 93.7, 129.8, 97.1 and 100.0 degree days (DD) for nymph 1, nymph 2, nymph 3 and male pupa stages, respectively. The developed phenology model predicted temperatures between 25 and 35 °C as the favourable range for P. solenopsis development, survival and reproduction. P. solenopsis population attained a maximum net reproductive rate (107–108 females/female/generation) and total fecundity (216.6–226.5 individuals/female/generation) at temperatures between 25 and 30 °C. Mean length of generations decreased from 75.6 days at 15 °C to 21 days at 40 °C. The maximum finite rate of increase (1.12–1.16 females/female/day) and shortest doubling time (4.3–6.1 days) were also observed at temperatures between 25 and 35 °C. The simulation of phenology model at fluctuating temperatures indicated that P. solenopsis populations might potentially increase with a finite rate of 1.06 females/female/day with an average generation time of 58.7 days and a doubling time of 12.1 days. The obtained life table parameters were reasonably similar when compared with literature data. The present model can be simulated spatially for estimating the pest risk and undertaking agro-ecoregion specific pest management strategies. 相似文献
3.
【目的】明确在广州地区红火蚁Solenopsis invicta的觅食嗜好性,为我国防治红火蚁新型饵剂的研制与开发提供科学依据.【方法】2011年7—11月观察了广州桑园和荒地红火蚁工蚁觅食活动的季节差异和日动态,并分析其摄食食物类别与生境、季节的关系,比较分析了固态型、液态型或防御型工蚁的个体分布.【结果和结论】春、秋季的2种生境中,摄取固态或液态食物的红火蚁工蚁数量在2种生境或夏秋季节间存在显著差异(固态型P0.01,液态型P0.05),但这种差异不受生境和季节互作的影响(固态型P=0.373 3、液态型P=0.903 3).工蚁对液态食物的喜好强于固态食物,携带液态食物的工蚁的平均比例[夏季:(36.58±8.74)%,秋季:(37.60±5.16)%],显著地高于搬运固态食物的[夏季:(8.03±1.66)%,秋季:(7.30±1.71)%].取食固态食物、液态食物以及负责防御的3类工蚁的个体多态性均呈连续性偏态分布,其平均头壳宽度分别为(0.652 4±0.007 1)、(0.636 1±0.006 2)和(0.636 3±0.006 4)mm,而且三者间无显著性差异. 相似文献
4.
基于认知程度评估的红火蚁
管理策略与方式探讨 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用问卷调查的方法对南沙区132 个社区/村当地居民对红火蚁认知程度进行调查。结果发现、南沙区
居民对红火蚁的了解程度较高、其中65.2%居民知道红火蚁;对红火蚁的了解途径中、野亲眼所见冶所占比例最高、为
57.78%、其次是从电视上得知、为14.43%;86.84%居民所在地区发现有红火蚁、90.93%居民周围有人知道红火蚁。在
发现红火蚁后、52.35%居民会向相关部门反映、38.01%居民会使用工具进行破坏;68.78%居民3 年前就已经听说当
地有红火蚁发生;48.08%居民认为红火蚁入侵对人身健康产生影响;59.59%居民被红火蚁叮咬过、且86.32%居民会
有痛痒、红肿、脓包的症状;69.50%居民在被叮咬后知道处理方法、其中53.88%居民会涂抹药膏、30.53%会去医;就
医;62.09%居民会关心入侵生物相关的信息;56.37%居民了解红火蚁相关工作内容;89.95%居民对红火蚁的宣传、防
治工作感到基本满意;在红火蚁相关工作中、37.47%居民建议应该加强防控力度、21.98%居民认为应该加强宣传。通
过调查所反映的问题、提出解决的方法和建议。 相似文献
5.
6.
以诱饵诱集时间、工蚁诱集数、工蚁逃逸率3个指标评价了竹签 火腿肠片、标本瓶 火腿肠片2种诱饵诱集技术的监测效果.结果表明:竹签 火腿肠片的方式在25 min内工蚁诱集数达到最大,而标本瓶 火腿肠片的方式仅需要15 min,工蚁诱集数在达到最大值之后逐渐趋于稳定;2种诱集方式在30 min内工蚁诱集数差异不显著,工蚁逃逸率差异显著;从诱饵诱集率、工蚁诱集数2个方面综合考虑高、低密度诱饵数下的5种投放方式,得出"Z"字形是诱饵的最适合投放方式. 相似文献
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9.
通过研究光活化杀虫活性成分 α -三联噻吩( α -T)对红火蚁 Solenopsis invicta Buren工蚁觅食行为和触角识别功能的影响,探讨了光活化成分用于控制红火蚁的可行性。用Potter喷雾法将100 μg/mL的 α -T丙酮水溶液喷施于红火蚁中型工蚁体表,再经紫外(UVA)光照射30 min,在处理后5、10、15、20和30 min时,试蚁对火腿肠的识别率分别为20.00%、25.00%、38.33%、40.00% 和41.67%,对杀虫剂饵料的识别率分别为3.33%、0、0、3.33%和0,聚集率分别为17.50%、38.33%、 32.50%、45.00%和48.33%;经100 μg/mL的 α -T涂抹试蚁触角再经紫外光照处理30 min后,触角对丙酮反应的电位值为-0.177 mV,可正常行走的工蚁比率为75.00%;以100 μg/mL的 α -T涂抹试蚁触角并经紫外光照射30 min后10 h,红火蚁的死亡率为27.50%;上述结果均与 α -T黑暗处理、对照(CK)光照处理和CK黑暗处理结果差异显著。 α -T对红火蚁工蚁食物识别和探路行走能力均具有良好的光活化抑制作用,以其防治红火蚁具有良好可行性。 相似文献
10.
David Maxwell Suckling Lloyd D Stringer Joshua E Corn Barry Bunn Ashraf M El‐Sayed Robert K Vander Meer 《Pest management science》2012,68(12):1572-1578
BACKGROUND: The fire ant, Solenopsis invicta, is one of the most aggressive and invasive species in the world. The trail pheromone Z,E‐α‐farnesene (91% purity) was prepared, and disruption of worker trail orientation was tested using an ethanol‐based aerosol formulation presenting a single puff of this compound by airbrush and compressed air. Trail‐following behaviour was recorded by overhead webcam and ants digitised before and after presentation of the aerosol treatment at four rates (1.6, 16, 160 and 1600 ng cm?2). RESULTS: Ants preferred 110 ng cm?1 over 11, 1.1 and 0.11 ng cm?1 for trail following. Within seconds of presentation of 1600 ng cm?2, the highest dose tested, trail disruption was observed. Disruption was evident as reduced arrival success and reduction in the trail integrity statistic (r2), as well as increased deviation from the trail (deg). The distribution of walking track angles was also flattened. CONCLUSIONS: The feasibility of using aerosol for delivery of trail pheromone was demonstrated, but the need for high purity combined with the difficulty of commercial supply makes this technique impractical. However, the commercial production of Z,E‐α‐farnesene of high purity by industrial biotechnology or from (E)‐nerolidol may be possible in future, which would facilitate further development of trail pheromone disruption of S. invicta. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献