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The genotype, environment and their interaction play an important role in the grain yielding and grain quality attributes. The main aim of this study was to determine the contributions of the genotype, environment and their interaction to the variation in bread-making traits. The data that were used for the analyses performed in this study were obtained from 3 locations in Poland from post-registration multi-environment trials with winter wheat in 2009 and 2010. The experimental factors were the cultivar (7 cultivars) and the crop management level (low input and high input). In the multi-environment trials, 17 traits were investigated that characterize grain, flour and dough quality. Most of the traits were affected much more strongly by environmental factors (i.e., year and location) than by genotype. The variance components revealed an especially strong effect of the year on the baking score, loaf volume and water absorption, as well a strong effect of the location on dough development and protein content. The obtained results demonstrate that the grain quality as measured by the parameters based on the protein content and quality may be substantially improved by crop management practices, especially by N fertilization level. 相似文献
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为了解青海高原地区春小麦品种中粒重基因的分布情况,采用KASP标记检测3个粒重基因（ TaCwi-A1、 TaGW2-6A和 TaTGW6-4A）等位变异在青海高原地区主栽的49个小麦品种中的分布,并结合千粒重表型,分析不同等位变异组合对小麦粒重的影响,探索最优基因型。结果显示,49个品种的千粒重在不同年度均存在显著差异; TaCwi-A1位点存在 TaCwi-A1a和 TaCwi-A1b两种等位变异,分布频率分别为69.39%和30.61%; TaGW2-6A位点存在 Hap-6A-A和 Hap-6A-B两种等位变异,分布频率分别为46.94%和53.06%; TaTGW6-4A位点存在 TaTGW6-4Aa和 TaTGW6-4Ab两种等位变异,分布频率分别为97.96%和2.04%。 TaCwi-A1、 TaGW2-6A和 TaTGW6-4A位点的不同等位变异均会导致小麦千粒重发生显著变化,其中, TaCwi-A1位点的等位变异对小麦千粒重影响较为重要。49个小麦品种中, TaCwi-A1a/ Hap-6A-A/ TaTGW-6-4Aa等位变异组合类型的品种的分布频率为32.65%,其千粒重最高,显著高于其他等位变异组合类型的品种,是青海高原地区优异的基因型组合。 相似文献
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基于CRISPR/Cas9技术的水稻千粒重基因tgw6突变体的创建 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用CRISPR/Cas9技术对调控水稻产量千粒重基因TGW6定点编辑,获得了一套有重要育种价值的tgw6突变体。设计了分别由U3、U6a和U6b启动子驱动、长20 bp的guide RNA (gRNA)靶点以靶向编辑TGW6基因的外显子,首先将这3个靶点一起组装到pYLCRISPR/Cas9-MT(I)载体上,然后利用农杆菌介导侵染水稻材料H447 (R819/玉针香//R819的BC3F6);提取T0代转基因植株的基因组DNA并对编辑位点附近的DNA片段进行PCR检测及测序分析。结果表明,T0代材料中tgw6的突变频率高达90%,其中纯合缺失突变率约占51%。对T1代纯合缺失突变体的千粒重性状的调查分析结果表明,部分tgw6的缺失突变能显著提高千粒重(大于5%)。不同类型tgw6突变体的成功创建不仅丰富了tgw6的变异类型,为水稻的高产稳产奠定了重要的材料基础,还证实了CRISPR/Cas9技术在水稻基因工程育种中高效、易操作的特点,具有重要的理论与实践意义。 相似文献
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Yang?Liu Heinrich?BuchenauerEmail author 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2005,113(3):283-295
Interactions between Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) and Fusarium species causing Fusarium head blight (FHB) in winter wheat cvs Agent (susceptible to FHB) and Petrus (moderately resistant
to FHB) were studied over three years (2001–2003) in outdoor pot experiments. FHB developed more rapidly in cv. Agent than
in cv. Petrus. The spread of FHB was greater in BYDV-infected plants than in BYDV-free plants. Thousand grain weight (TGW)
was reduced more in Fusarium-infected heads of cv. Agent than in cv. Petrus. A highly significant negative correlation was found between disease index
and TGW in cv. Agent (r = −0.916), while in cv. Petrus the correlation was less significant (r = −0.765). Virus infection reduced TGW in cv. Petrus more than in cv. Agent. In plants with both infections, TGW reductions
in cv. Petrus corresponded to those of BYDV infection, and in cv. Agent TGW was more diminished than in BYDV infection. Effects
of different treatments determined over three years on ergosterol contents in grain were generally similar to effects on disease
indices. Grain weight per ear and ear weight of the different treatments of both cultivars largely corresponded with the TGW
results. Deoxynivalenol (DON) content in grain of cv. Agent infected with Fusarium spp. was 11–25 times higher compared to the corresponding treatments in cv. Petrus. The DON content in grain of plants of
the two cultivars infected with both pathogens was higher than that of plants infected only with Fusarium over the three years. 相似文献
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