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Technical characteristics and detergent compatibility of visceral alkaline proteases of three freshwater fish, namely Labeo rohita, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus and Cyprinus carpio of different feeding habits, were studied. Crude enzyme extract was partially purified by (NH4)2SO4 precipitation and dialysis. The molecular weight was in the range of 20–63 kDa. The enzyme purification folds post‐dialysis were found to be 1.55, 1.81 and 2.17 in case of Rohu, Pangas and Common carp respectively. The alkaline protease from Rohu, Pangas and Common carp exhibited maximum activity at pH 10.0, 9.0 and 11.0 respectively. The enzyme temperature optima observed were 60°C (Rohu and Pangas) and 70°C (Common carp). SBTI and EDTA inhibited more than 90% of the activity at conc. of 50 mM. Exposure of the proteases to non‐ionic surfactants like Tween 20–80 retained about 92%–100% and 76%–100% of their activity at conc. (v/v) of 1% and 5% respectively. Proteases were found less stable in the presence of SDS. There was moderate to lesser influence of H2O2 and sodium perborate on the proteolytic activity. The alkaline protease from omnivorous fish was found superior compared to the herbivore and carnivore in respect of pH and temperature optima and stability with detergents and oxidizing agents. 相似文献
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太子参叶斑病抗性诱导因子筛选 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为筛选诱导太子参产生对叶斑病抗性的诱导因子,在离体培养条件下,用水杨酸、草酸、壳聚糖、磷酸氢二钾、亚硒酸钠和太子参叶斑病粗毒素液这6种因子诱导处理太子参组培苗,在1～7d内测定叶片相关酶活性的变化。诱导培养7d后,用太子参叶斑病粗毒素液对组培苗进行离体叶片针刺接种抗性鉴定,结果表明,诱导处理后能明显增强太子参叶片内POD、PPO和PAL的活性;6种因子均能诱导太子参对叶斑病产生抗性,以190mg.L-1和380mg.L-1草酸的诱抗效果较好,分别达到76.1%和74.7%,极显著高于其它诱导因子的诱抗效果。 相似文献
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Abstract Several chemicals including the strobilurins (trifloxystrobin, azoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin and DPX KZ 165), a plant activator (acibenzolar), the triazoles (propiconazole, tebuconazole, epoxiconazole, fenbuconazole and JAU 6475) and tridemorph, spiroxamine, pyrimethanil, fenarimol and various formulations of mancozeb were evaluated in three field experiments in northern Queensland, Australia for control of yellow Sigatoka of banana (caused by Mycosphaerella musicola). In all experiments, the strobilurins used alone or in spray programs with mancozeb and acibenzolar were as effective or better than the industry standards mancozeb and propiconazole. Acibenzolar used in spray programs with mancozeb significantly improved the control of Sigatoka compared to mancozeb alone. The triazoles, epoxiconazole, fenbuconazole and JAU 6476 used alone and tebuconazole in a spray program with mancozeb were as effective as the industry standard propiconazole. Tridemorph, pyrimethanil and spiroxamine were as effective as the industry standard mancozeb, and fenarimol failed to effectively control the disease. In 2004, trifloxystrobin, pyraclostrobin and epoxiconazole were registered for control of yellow Sigatoka of banana. 相似文献
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黄单胞菌借助保守的III型分泌系统，将多个效应蛋白注入植物细胞，克服宿主的防卫，利于黄单胞菌在植物体内发挥毒性功能。最近对III型效应蛋白致病机理开展了大量研究，结果发现具有酶功能的效应蛋白在黄单胞菌及其宿主间的相互作用中发挥非常重要的作用。此外，黄单胞菌存在一类独特的III型效应蛋白(AvrBs3家族)。迄今为止，仅在黄单胞菌和雷尔氏菌(Ralstonia solanacearum)中发现AvrBs3家族效应蛋白，AvrBs3家族通过模拟转录激活子来操纵寄主植物易感基因的表达。 相似文献
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Knut O. Strætkvern Arnt J. Raae Bernt T. Walther 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1992,9(5-6):439-452
An alkaline deoxyribonuclease (DNase) from cod pancreatic tissue has been characterized. The enzyme is a DNase I type endonuclease and hydrolyzes effectively both native and denatured DNA. Monomeric actin inhibits the enzyme reaction. The enzyme obeys Michaelis-Menten kinetics and the apparent Km value for native linear duplex DNA is 33 µg/ml. The cod DNase opens supercoiled plasmid DNA, by introducing adjacent nicks in both strands, possibly separated by 5–10 nucleotides. DNA hydrolyzed by cod DNase functions as substrates both for DNA polymerase and ligase, and the nicks therefore contain 5-phosphoryl and 3-hydroxyl groups. Optimum concentrations of divalent cations are 5 mM Mg2+, 0.63 mM Mn2+ and 0.075 mM Ca2+. However, Ca2+ is apparently not essential for the enzymatic functions. The enzyme has a narrow temperature optimum at 42°C and is thermolabile above 50°C; however, Mn2+ shifts the optimum slightly to 45°C by causing increased temperature stability. The cod DNase reaction is inhibited by the DNA intercalating compounds actinomycin D and ethidium bromide. Histidine-modifying reagents such as tosyl phenylalanyl chloromethylketone and diethyl pyrocarbonate inhibit the enzyme activity, but the cod DNase is insensitive to disulfide-reducing agents. 相似文献
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对体外成熟培养不同时间段猪的新鲜和冷冻的卵子中是否能够释放纤溶酶原激活物(PAs)的情况进行了研究。被卵丘细胞包裹的卵子取自于囊状卵泡,用NUSU-23培养液进行体外培养。OPS冷冻法冷冻卵子。在成熟培养液的卵丘细胞通过用细管不断地吸吐的方法去除。用SDS和酶谱法对猪的卵丘卵母细胞和裸卵里的纤溶酶原激活物进行密度测定。结果显示:在猪新鲜的卵丘卵母细胞中能够检测出Upa、tPA和tPA-PAI。体外培养24h后,在裸卵中也可以检测出uPA的活性;体外成熟培养48h后,在卵丘卵母细胞中能够检测出tPA和tPA-PAI,但在裸卵中没有检测出PAs。在所有冷冻组的试验中,没有检测出PAs活性。 相似文献
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