Interannual differences in growth and hatch‐date distributions of early juvenile European anchovy in the Bay of Biscay: implications for recruitment          下载免费PDF全文

Naroa Aldanondo  Unai Cotano  Nerea Goikoetxea  Guillermo Boyra  Leire Ibaibarriaga  Xabier Irigoien 《Fisheries Oceanography》2016,25(2):147-163

In order to understand better the recruitment variability in European anchovy in the Bay of Biscay, it is important to investigate the processes that affect survival during the early life stages. Anchovy juvenile growth trajectories and hatch‐date distributions were inferred over a 3‐year period based on otolith microstructure analysis. Otolith growth trajectories showed a characteristic shape depending on their hatch‐date timing. Earlier‐born juveniles had notably broader maximum increments than later born conspecifics, resulting in higher growth rates. This observation suggests that early hatching would be beneficial for larval and juvenile growth, and, therefore, survival. The estimated juvenile hatch‐date distributions were relatively narrow compared with the extended anchovy spawning season (March–August) in the Bay of Biscay and indicated that only individuals originated mainly from the summer months (June–August) survived until autumn. Hatch‐date distributions were markedly different among years and seemed to influence the interannual recruitment strength of anchovy. We conclude that years characterized by juvenile survivors originating from the peak spawning period (May and June) would lead to considerable recruitment success. Downwelling events during the peak spawning period seem to affect larval survival. Furthermore, size‐dependent overwinter mortality would be an additional process that regulates recruitment strength in the anchovy population in the Bay of Biscay.  相似文献   

序批式生物膜法处理水产养殖废水的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

万红  宋碧玉 《水生态学杂志》2008,29(2):81-84

目前我国水产养殖废水直接排放的现象较多, 使受纳水体富营养化和生物多样性降低; 同时养殖水体中残饵、水生生物排泄物容易引起水体溶解氧下降、病原体增加并产生有害物质如氨氮、亚硝酸盐等, 引起养殖对象发病甚至死亡。提出采用以组合填料为载体的序批式生物膜反应器处理水产养殖废水。通过试验确定了最佳运行模式: 水力停留时间12 h, 其中瞬时进水y 厌氧( 3 h) y 曝气( 5 h) y 添加原水(添加比1B 3) y 缺氧( 3 h) y 曝气( 1 h) y 沉淀( 0. 5 h) y 排水( 0. 5 h), 并考察了试验对污染物的去除特性。试验结果表明了序批式生物膜法处理水产养殖废水的可行性, 对有机物、氨氮、TN、TP的平均去除率分别为91. 1%、85. 1%、751 8%、89. 5%, 处理后出水可回用于水产养殖。  相似文献   

乌鳢苗种繁育及池塘高产养殖技术   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

秦玉丽  文焕玲 《信阳农业高等专科学校学报》2006,16(1):89-90

为探讨乌鳢的人工养殖技术,对乌鳢苗种繁育及池塘养殖阶段的关键环节:亲鱼培育、人工催产、鱼卵孵化、鱼种培育、成鱼养殖等进行了系统研究。并总结了一套实用的乌鳢养殖技术。实践证明,使用该技术能提高乌鳢鱼苗成活率和成鱼产量。  相似文献   

不同香蕉品种根渗出物对南方根结线虫卵孵化的影响   总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1  

刘志明  陆光艺  黄金玲  陆秀红  秦碧霞  刘纪霜  潘萍红  李国栋  乔丽娅  黄秉智 《华中农业大学学报》2010,29(5):564-566

通过抗病鉴定试验选取抗病香蕉品种海贡和感病香蕉品种威廉斯B6,并用2个香蕉品种的根渗出物分别处理南方根结线虫的卵,观察根渗出物对线虫卵孵化及幼虫致病力的影响。结果表明:接虫后抗病香蕉品种海贡根渗出物处理的卵总孵化率为63.26%,平均病情指数为22.13;感病香蕉品种威廉斯B6的总孵化率为80.29%,平均病情指数为53.35,2个香蕉品种的孵化率差异极显著。  相似文献   

Mating behavior in commercial broiler breeders: Female effects     

《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2010,19(1):24-29

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The action of phosphine against the eggs of phosphine-resistant and -susceptible strains of Rhyzopertha dominica F     

Rajendran S  Nayak KR  Anjum SS 《Pest management science》2001,57(5):422-426

The effect of phosphine at exposure periods of 24, 48 and 120 h on hatching and mortality of 0- to 1-day-old eggs of susceptible (TN6) and resistant (FC10) strains of Rhyzopertha dominica of field origin was investigated. The fumigant affected hatching in both the strains. In a 48-h exposure at 27 (+/- 2) degrees C, the LD99 doses for the eggs of TN6 and FC10 were 0.56 and 3.25 mg litre-1, respectively. Significant reduction in hatching was observed in treated batches with progressive increase of phosphine dose in the first 2-3 days. On subsequent days the numbers hatching were often similar to those in controls, and sometimes exceeded control hatch, especially following a 5-day exposure. A critical change in the order of susceptibility of egg and adult stages of the two strains was noticed. In 48-h exposures, eggs of the susceptible strain were more tolerant than their adults, whilst the reverse was true in the resistant strain.  相似文献   

Note: Transovarial activity of the chitin synthesis inhibitor novaluron on egg hatch and subsequent development of larvae ofTribolium castaneum     

A. Trostanetsky  M. Kostyukovsky 《Phytoparasitica》2008,36(1):38-41

The effects of the chitin synthesis inhibitor (CSI) novaluron on egg hatch and on larval development ofTribolium castaneum (Herbst) concentrations of 1.0, 0.3, 0.2 or 0.1 ppm were tested. The effect of novaluron at low concentrations depended strongly on the exposure period. At 0.3 ppm, egg hatch ofT. castaneum was totally inhibited after 28 days; at 0.2 ppm the effect was much less but inhibition increased progressively to 66% in the 35-day experiment; at 0.1 ppm novaluron was ineffective. The viability of the larvae that hatched from the laid eggs and developed on untreated flour was also dependent on concentration of novaluron and exposure time: exposure ofT. castaneum adults to novaluron-treated flour at 0.3 ppm for 8 days, or at 0.2 ppm for 36 days, caused 100% or 97.5% mortality, respectively. At both 0.3 and 0.2 ppm, larval deaths were mainly in the first instar. Exposure ofT. castaneum adults to treated flour may serve as a good model for evaluating the effect of CSIs on internal feeders, especiallySitophilus oryzae (L.). The present study contributes to our understanding of CSI transovarial activity against internal stored product coleopterans whose larval stage develops inside the grain without contact with the toxicants. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Dec. 11, 2007.  相似文献   

Effect of dosage and application mode of l‐carnitine on plasma lipid and egg‐yolk cholesterol of turkeys,hatchability of eggs and post‐hatch growth of their offsprings     

A. O. Oso  A. O. Fafiolu  M. A. Adeleke  O. A. Ladokun  R. A. Sobayo  A. V. Jegede  S. O. Peters  O. A. Oyebamiji  J. Akinsola 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2014,98(4):766-774

The effect of dosage and application mode of l ‐carnitine on plasma lipid and egg‐yolk cholesterol of breeder turkeys, hatchability of eggs and post‐hatch growth response was investigated using 180 breeder hens. The hens were assigned to six dietary treatments in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangements of two application modes of l ‐carnitine (diet and drinking water) supplemented at 0, 50 and 100 ppm (mg/kg or mg/l) levels, respectively. Each treatment was replicated five times with six hens per replicate. Dietary inclusion of 50 ppm l ‐carnitine showed the lowest (p < 0.01) plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low‐density lipoprotein concentration (LDL). Breeder hens offered 50 ppm l ‐carnitine with no regard to application mode recorded the highest (p < 0.01) plasma high‐density lipoprotein (HDL). Hens offered 50 and 100 ppm l ‐carnitine irrespective of application mode also showed reduced (p < 0.01) egg‐yolk TC concentration at 32 weeks of age. Dietary supplementation of 50 ppm l ‐carnitine for breeder turkeys recorded the lowest (p < 0.01) egg‐yolk triglyceride (TG) at 40 weeks of age. Hens offered 50 ppm l ‐carnitine irrespective of application mode recorded the highest (p < 0.05) hen‐day egg production. Incidence of dead‐in‐shell also reduced (p < 0.05) with increasing dosage of l ‐carnitine. Dietary supplementation of 50 ppm and oral application in drinking water of 100 ppm l ‐carnitine for breeder turkeys resulted in highest (p < 0.05) egg fertility. Offsprings from breeder hens fed diets supplemented with l ‐carnitine recorded no post‐hatch mortality. Highest (p < 0.05) post‐hatch final live weight and weight gain was obtained with poults obtained from hens fed diet supplemented with 50 ppm l ‐carnitine. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of 50 ppm l ‐carnitine for turkey hens showed improved serum lipid profile, egg fertility, reduced dead‐in‐shell, egg‐yolk cholesterol and resulted in improved post‐hatch growth performance.  相似文献   

Effects of salinity and temperature during incubation on hatching and development of lingcod Ophiodon elongatus Girard, embryos     

Matthew A Cook  Kate M Guthrie  Michael B Rust  & Paul D Plesha 《Aquaculture Research》2005,36(13):1298-1303

The interactive effects of salinity and temperature on development and hatching success of lingcod, Ophiodon elongatus Girard, were studied by incubating eggs at four temperatures (6, 9, 12 and 15°C) and five salinities (15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 g L^?1). Hatch did not occur in any of the 15°C treatments. Degree days (°C days) to first hatch was not influenced by temperature or salinity, however, calendar days to first hatch differed significantly for temperature (P<0.0001, 61±1, 44±1 and 35±1 days for 6, 9 and 12°C respectively). Degree days to 50% (427.1±4.2) hatch was not significantly influenced by temperature but was by salinity (P=0.0324). Viable hatch (live with no deformities, 74.1±4.0%) was greatest at 9°C and 25 g L^?1 but not significantly different in the range of 20–30 g L^?1. Larval length (9.4±0.13 mm) was greatest at 9°C and 20–30 g L^?1. Temperature and salinity significantly influenced all categories of deformities with treatments at the upper (12°C and 35 g L^?1) and lower limits (6°C and 15 g L^?1) producing the greatest deformities. The optimal temperature and salinity for incubating Puget Sound lingcod eggs was found to be 9°C and 20–30 g L^?1.  相似文献   

种蛋保存条件对孵化效果的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

彭继荣 《畜禽业》2007,(1):7-11

在平均温度16.5℃,相对湿度75%的条件下,根据种蛋的保存时间(1～3d、4～6d、7～9d,10～12d)、放置方式(锐端向上、锐端向下)、翻蛋与否,将入孵蛋分为16个处理组,与大批量的种蛋同机孵化。实验结果表明:保存条件对种蛋孵化率起决定性影响,保存期1周内孵化率最佳,超过1周则孵化率明显下降。翻不翻蛋对种蛋孵化率的影响显著,但显著影响早期和中后期胚胎死亡率。放置方式对保存期在10d以内的种蛋受精率、受精蛋孵化率、胚胎早期死亡率、胚胎中后期死亡率没有影响;种蛋保存期超过10d时,锐端向下存放可提高孵化率。  相似文献