Utilizing a DUALEM‐421 and inversion modelling to map baseline soil salinity along toposequences in the Hunter Valley Wine district          下载免费PDF全文

U. Stockmann  J. Huang  B. Minasny  J. Triantafilis 《Soil Use and Management》2017,33(3):413-424

In the oldest commercial wine district of Australia, the Hunter Valley, there is the threat of soil salinization because marine sediments underlie the area. To understand the risk requires information about the spatial distribution of soil properties. Electromagnetic (EM) induction instruments have been used to identify and map the spatial variation of average soil salinity to a certain depth. However, soils vary with depth dependent on soil forming factors. We collected data from a single‐frequency and multiple‐coil DUALEM‐421 along a toposequence. We inverted this data using EM4Soil software and evaluated the resultant 2‐dimensional model of true electrical conductivity (σ – mS/m) with depth against electrical conductivity of saturated soil pastes (EC_p – dS/m). Using a fitted linear regression (LR) model calibration approach and by varying the forward model (cumulative function‐CF and full solution‐FS), inversion algorithm (S1 and S2), damping factor (λ) and number of arrays, we determined a suitable electromagnetic conductivity image (EMCI), which was optimal (R² = 0.82) when using the full solution, S2, λ = 3.6 and all six coil arrays. We conducted an uncertainty analysis of the LR model used to estimate the electrical conductivity of the saturated soil‐paste extract (EC_e – dS/m). Our interpretation based on estimates of EC_e suggests the approach can identify differences in salinity, how these vary with parent material and how topography influences salt distribution. The results provide information leading to insights into how soil forming factors and agricultural practices influence salinity down a toposequence and how this can guide soil management practices.  相似文献   

Perspectives on validation in digital soil mapping of continuous attributes—A review     

Kristin Piikki  Johanna Wetterlind  Mats Sderstrm  Bo Stenberg 《Soil Use and Management》2021,37(1):7-21

  相似文献   

加速广义Laguerre多项式级数的Laplace变换的数值反演方法     

夏虹 《金陵科技学院学报》2004,20(1):14-17

本文利用Levin t-变换迭代法，对加速广义Laguerre多项式级数，提出了一种新的Laplace变换的数值反演方法，这种方法在精度上和数值稳定性上的效果都较好。  相似文献   

群钻钻削精度试验     

王志安  胡仲勋 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》1996,23(4)

通过群钻钻头直径Ｄ，进给量ｆ和切削速度ｎ对孔径扩张量，圆度，孔中心线垂直度和直线度影响的试验，得出它们的变化规律。  相似文献   

逆作法在燕山立交桥施工中的应用     

景治隆 《林业科技情报》2001,33(1):65-66

本文通过对桥梁实例施工步骤的概略介绍,重点突出了逆作法施工工艺的特点、施工中要注意事项及与常规施工方案的比较。  相似文献   

The influence of sampling scheme and interpolation method on the power to detect spatial effects of forest birds in Ontario (Canada)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Rempel  Robert S.  Kushneriuk  Robert S. 《Landscape Ecology》2003,18(8):741-757

Spatial ecology is becoming an increasingly important component of resource management, and the general monitoring of how human activities affect the distribution and abundance of wildlife. Yet most work on the reliability of sampling strategies is based on a non-spatial analysis of variance paradigm, and little work has been done assessing the power of alternative spatial methods for creating reliable maps of animal abundance. Such a map forms a critical response variable for multiple scale studies relating landscape structure to biotic function. The power to reconstruct patterns of distribution and abundance is influenced by sample placement strategy and density, the nature of spatial auto-correlation among points, and by the technique used to extrapolate points into an animal abundance map. Faced with uncertainty concerning the influence of these factors, we chose to first synthesize a model reference system of known properties and then evaluate the relative performance of alternative sampling and mapping procedures using it. We used published habitat associations of tree nesting boreal neo-tropical birds, a classified habitat map from the Manitou Lakes area of northwestern Ontario, and point count means and variances determined from field studies in boreal Canada to create 4 simulated models of avian abundance to function as reference maps. Four point sampling strategies were evaluated by 4 spatial mapping methods. We found mixed-cluster sampling to be an effective point sampling strategy, particularly when high habitat fragmentation was avoided by restricting samples to habitat patches >10 ha in size. We also found that of the 4 mapping methods, only stratified ordinary point kriging (OPK) was able to generate maps that reproduced an embedded landscape-scale spatial effect that reduced nesting bird abundance in areas of higher forest age-class fragmentation. Global OPK was effective only for detecting broader, regional-scale differences. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Including an additional systematic environmental effect within a generation in an evaluation model improves accuracy of prediction of breeding values in a closed herd of pigs     

Masahiro SATOH 《Animal Science Journal》2004,75(2):97-102

The present study evaluated the advantage of mixed‐model techniques over a selection index under different magnitudes of an additional systematic environmental effect (ASEE) in terms of accuracy of prediction and expected genetic gain. The data attempted to simulate a closed herd in a pig breeding program. The base population (G₀) consisted of 10 males and 50 females. Six generations (G₀ to G₅) were selected by using a selection index of three traits without overlapping. Additional systematic environmental constants with four levels in a generation were assigned from a uniform distribution at different ranges. Breeding values of animals in the last generation (G₅) were estimated on the basis of an index of individual phenotype (SI‐U), SI‐U adjusted for ASEE using a least‐squares mean (SI‐A), best linear unbiased prediction using an animal model excluding ASEE (AM‐E), and an animal model including ASEE (AM‐I). Accuracy of prediction and expected genetic gain were larger by the animal model than by the selection index, even if heritability of the traits selected was high and ASEE was set to zero. When ASEE was zero, the accuracy of prediction and expected genetic gain given by SI‐U and AM‐I were similar to those given by SI‐A and AM‐E, respectively. However, the differences in accuracy and expected gain between SI‐U and AI‐A and between AM‐I and AM‐E increased as the range of ASEE increased. It was concluded that selection based on an animal model was more effective than index selection, even if the herd environment was uniform and traits with high heritability were selected, and that it should be always included in an evaluation model, however slight any systematic environmental effect may be in a closed herd.  相似文献   

单站式大气电场仪探测距离分析     

邓海利  李莉  赵京峰  李永果 《安徽农业科学》2015,(21):222-224

通过对电子设备防雷需求的计算,确定大气电场仪应有的探测距离;通过对几种情况下大气电场的分析、计算,结合大气电场仪的探测原理及探测公式,确定大气电场仪的探测距离,并对其进行分析.通过对大气电场仪探测距离和电子设备防雷需求的预警距离对比,得出单站式大气电场仪应根据使用者的需求,降低探测距离,提高探测准确度.  相似文献   

吉林省西部新开发水田遥感动态监测研究     

扈晶晶  李瑞平  黄侃  黄华国 《林业调查规划》2014,(3):17-23

为了响应土地整理开发项目的政策,吉林省西部地区开发了大面积的水田。为掌握新开发水田的动态变化,有必要对吉林省地区进行土地利用分类。以吉林省前郭县为例,利用2010年环境卫星数据进行不同土地利用分类方法的比较,进而对另外3景图像进行信息提取,分析4个年份新开发水田的分布及变化情况。结果表明,支持向量机法比最大似然法的耕地分类精度高约5%,其产品和用户精度分别为95%和84%。加入纹理信息没有显著提高分类精度。2009~2012年水田面积分别增加-67.7 km2,111.7 km2和265.01 km2。  相似文献   

砂田抑制蒸发功能随覆砂年限的演变规律   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

《灌溉排水学报》2019,(3)

【目的】研究压砂覆盖(砂田)保温及抑制蒸发功能随砂田退化程度的演变规律。【方法】基于多年Landsat卫星数据,使用辐射传输方程法反演香山地区砂田地表温度(LST),结合田间地表温度监测,对比砂田与裸地的地表温度变化,分析了砂田抑制土壤蒸发的机理,并探讨了砂田的功效与砂田使用年限的关系。【结果】砂田在LST-NDVI梯形空间中贴近于暖边,其土壤水分比耕地少,接近于干土层。因此,砂田可以隔离辐射与土壤表层,从而减小潜热通量,抑制土壤蒸发。砂田昼夜温差明显比裸地大,且对于西瓜等作物,砂田的有效地表积温也比裸地提高了10%。【结论】砂田退化过程可分为纯砾石阶段、砂土混合阶段和砂土连通阶段,从砂田的保温及抑制蒸发功能来看,砂田的有效使用年限为25～30 a。  相似文献