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This study aims to characterize and improve the insecticidal activity of nanostructured alumina dusts. To accomplish these goals, multiple solution based synthesis routes utilizing standard aluminum salt precursors were utilized to synthesize three unique types of alumina dust. These were compared with regards to morphology, particle size and surface area using electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering particle size analysis. Insect toxicity of the various dusts was assessed using two insect species that are pests of stored grain, Sitophilus oryzae and Rhyzopertha dominica. The dust synthesized using a modified glycine-nitrate combustion process consistently yielded greater mortality rates, and all dust types were more effective on S. oryzae than on R. dominica, although the difference varied across dust types. The data show that insecticidal activity is dependent on particle size, particle morphology and surface area but also indicated that minimizing particle size and maximizing surface area are not the sole dominant factors influencing efficacy. This study does however suggest that pesticide dusts can be engineered through modified synthesis to better target different insect species. 相似文献
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传统的物理和化学药剂防治等调控措施已不能满足农业植物病害防控需求,迫切需要寻求新的技术和措施。近年来,纳米技术在植物病害防控方面取得了突破性研究进展,为纳米技术成为现代化农业高效生产和可持续发展的强有力工具奠定了基础。为深入了解纳米技术在植物病害防控中应用的研究进展及其实践应用,主要从2个层面综述了纳米技术在植物病害防控中的应用,包括无机纳米材料和金属纳米材料对植物病原菌的抗菌性研究,利用纳米农药和纳米载体防治植物病害的研究现状,指出了纳米技术在病害防控中的不足之处,同时展望了纳米技术在未来农业领域的发展趋势和重要地位,为利用新兴纳米技术高效、绿色防治植物病害提供重要的理论依据和实践应用指导。 相似文献
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In this paper, we report the development, characterization and bioefficacy evaluation of fipronil nanoformulations against brown plant hopper (BPH); Nilaparvata lugens in rice. Nanoformulations were characterized for nanosizing and stability under variable conditions. Bioefficacy of nanoformulations were evaluated under field condition at farms of Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi during Kharif 2015. At milking stage BPH populations were above economic threshold level; followed by foliar application of fipronil nanoformulations at four doses (viz., 30, 45, 60 and 90 g a.i./ha) along with commercial formulation of fipronil. The mean mortality clearly indicated that all the insecticidal treatments were significantly superior over untreated control where, highest mortalities were observed in nanodispersions followed by monolithic dispersion and commercial formulation of fipronil. Treated plots 7 days after application @ 60 g a.i./ha has shown 93.47%, 86.89% and 80.47% reduction BPH population in nanodispersion, encapsulated monolithic dispersion and commercial formulation treated plots respectively. In comparison to commercial formulation @ 60 g a.i./ha yield has increased by 0.56 t ha?1 (28.76%) and 0.26 t ha?1 (14.04%) in nanodispersion and monolithic dispersion. 相似文献
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农药的不科学使用容易引发一系列生态环境安全问题，严重制约着我国农业的可持续发展。纳米科技的长足进步推动了现代植物保护学科在交叉领域的不断深化和发展。以纳米科技为依托的药剂递送系统，可有效减少农药使用量，提升农药利用率，具有广阔的应用前景。该文结合最新的纳米农药研究进展，重点论述纳米农药的概念，介绍纳米农药的载体种类，分析纳米农药扩大靶标接触面积、促进植物内吸作用、提升叶面附着能力和调控药剂精准释放的增效机理，并对纳米农药的前沿应用进行展望。 相似文献
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