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《African Zoology》2013,48(1):152-158
Competition for food resources amongst animal seed dispersers and pilferers has driven dispersers to increasingly innovative seed-caching methods.We determined cache sizes in the field as well as seed cache recovery ability of a scatter-hoarding mouse, Acomys subspinosus, and compared these results to its seed competitor, the seed predator Rhabdomys pumilio.We found that up to 76% of A. subspinosus caches in the field contained one seed and that A. subspinosus was able to find caches of all sizes equally well under wet and dry soil conditions. In contrast, R. pumilio was able to find caches of all sizes in wet soil conditions but recovery success of small caches (single-seed) was poor in dry soil conditions. This suggests that scatter-hoarding may have evolved in A. subspinosus as an anti-pilfering strategy. This strategy would likely work best in dry conditions, where cache pilferers have difficulty locating small caches. 相似文献
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嗅觉可视化技术及其对四种食醋的识别 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
不同的食醋散发的香味具有一定的相似性,同时又有各自的特征,怎样快速表达这些特征是一大难点.本研究根据Kenneth S.Suslick教授的思路,筛选出23种卟啉类化合物和7种疏水性pH指示剂,制成一个5x6气体可视化传感器阵列.文章详细介绍了嗅觉可视化系统及其操作步骤,并利用气体可视化传感器阵列对4种传统食醋进行了测试.聚类分析表明,当取相似度为12时,样本被区分为镇江香醋、山西老陈醋、四川麸醋、浙江玫瑰米醋.研究表明嗅觉可视化技术可用于食品气味的可视化分析和图像指纹表达. 相似文献
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桑蚕摘除部分感觉器对人工饲料摄食性的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
桑蚕摘除了触角,下颚须或下颚瘤状体后,对人工饲料的摄食性均显著提高,摄食性个体差异减小,对桑叶或人工饲料正趋性强的个体,其摄食性较高,人工饲料中不仅存在蚕的味觉有明显抑制作用的物质,也存在对嗅觉有忌避作用的成分,嗅觉在决定对人工饲料摄食性方面具有重要作用。 相似文献
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昆虫嗅觉机制的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
嗅觉机制对于昆虫选择栖息地、获得食物、趋利避害、传递讯息、群集以及繁殖等许多行为起到重要作用。因此,通过研究昆虫嗅觉系统,可以阐释嗅觉发生过程中的普遍机理,还有助于理解昆虫嗅觉活动与其整个生命活动之间的联系,进而为高等动物特别是人的嗅觉研究提供科学依据。并且通过对昆虫嗅觉机理的研究,发展出了一系列新的害虫治理方法,为害虫防治提供了新的思路。近年来,随着生物化学、分子生物学、昆虫行为学和昆虫电生理学的深入研究,科技人员发现了许多相关的嗅觉活性分子和嗅觉相关基因,从分子层面对昆虫嗅觉机制进行解释。本文综述了气味信号通过嗅感器转变为电信号,并由昆虫触角叶编码整合,最终传递到前脑整个过程中所涉及的分子组件及昆虫体内生理生化等方面有关进展。 相似文献
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Jonathan P L Cox 《Fish and Fisheries》2013,14(3):364-390
The sensory channels in the olfactory organs of modern sharks and rays (neoselachians) are lined with fields of non‐sensory cilia. Using evidence from 31 species of neoselachian, this review attempts to identify the fluid – water or mucus – propelled by these cilia. The apparently common structure of the olfactory epithelium in these 31 diverse species implies that the cilia perform the same function and that this function is therefore independent of neoselachian phylogeny, lifestyle, gross nasal anatomy and the principal means by which water is circulated through the single major olfactory channel. On balance, the evidence suggests that the cilia propel mucus. This evidence includes short cilia, the presence (or absence) of water currents in the nasal region, mucociliary interactions, poor ciliary alignment, rare or absent interciliary connections, deep ciliary anchorages and the observation of cilia performing effective strokes. The short cilia are particularly telling. Goblet cells within and on the edge of the sensory epithelium are likely to be the source of any mucus layer. If the cilia of the neoselachian olfactory epithelium do propel mucus, there are three crucial implications. First, given that ciliary function is potentially independent of neoselachian phylogeny, it is possible that cilia in all neoselachians propel mucus. Second, a large part of the neoselachian olfactory organ must be actively involved in protecting the sensory epithelium from damage. Third, flow of water through the sensory channels must be driven by flow of water through the major olfactory channel. 相似文献