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A. Andreu C. Tonón M. Van Damme M. Huarte G. Daleo 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1998,104(8):777-783
It has been proposed that susceptibility of potato to Phytophthora infestans would be a consequence of suppression and /or delaying of defense reactions by a soluble glucan which is released by compatible races of the fungus. In this report, the reaction of potato tuber slices (Solanum tuberosum cv. Huinkul) infected with either race I (1,4,7,8,10,11) or C (1,4,10,11) of Phytophthora infestans was studied. Race C grew better on slices than race I. Glucans from both races were isolated and their effect on the accumulation of phytoalexins and glucanases in tuber slices was studied. The glucans from the less virulent race (I) did not affect the accumulation of phytoalexins and glucanases in tuber slices infected or elicited with eicosapentaenoic acid, whereas the glucans from race C produced 70% inhibition of phytoalexin accumulation and reduced by 50% the induction of glucanase activities. Purified glucanases from potato degraded the glucans from race C but not from race I. The results reported here show that, at least on this cultivar, glucans from both races affected defense responses in a different manner, which could reflect structural differences between these glucans. 相似文献
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In vitro assays investigated the responses of Alternaria brassicicola and A. brassicae isolates towards two crucifer phytoalexins and two isothiocyanates (ITC) by evaluating their potential toxic effects on different fungal growth parameters. Although variable responses towards each compound was observed within the species A. brassicicola , the results obtained confirmed the antifungal effects of camalexin, brassinin, allyl- (AlITC) and benzyl- (BzITC) isothiocyanates, at different developmental stages of both Alternaria species. Irrespective of the tested isolate, the phytoalexin camalexin exhibited the greater inhibitory effect with mean EC50 values ranging from 34 µ m (germ-tube elongation) to 183 µ m (mycelial growth). Germ-tube elongation was more sensitive compared to conidial germination and mycelial growth, with mean EC50 values of the former of 81 µ m , 520 µ m and 870 µ m for brassinin, BzITC and AlITC, respectively. 相似文献
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植物芪类植保素研究进展 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
评述了芪类植保素的研究状况 ,重点介绍了芪类化合物的分布、种类、理化特性、芪类植保素的生物合成、芪合酶基因及其表达调控、芪合酶蛋白、芪合酶基因转化植物及其抗病性等方面的研究进展 ,并讨论了存在的问题 ,提出了今后的研究方向 相似文献
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Ethylene signalling is essential for the resistance of Nicotiana attenuata against Alternaria alternata and phytoalexin scopoletin biosynthesis 
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下载免费PDF全文 The phytohormone ethylene plays an important role in plant defence responses to pathogen attack. When infected by the necrotrophic fungal pathogen Alternaria alternata (tobacco pathotype), which causes severe diseases in Nicotiana species, the wild tobacco plant Nicotiana attenuata accumulates a high amount of the jasmonate (JA)‐dependent phytoalexin scopoletin to defend itself against this fungal pathogen. However, it is still not known whether ethylene signalling is also involved in scopoletin biosynthesis and the resistance of N. attenuata. After infection, ethylene biosynthetic genes were highly elicited. Furthermore, plants strongly impaired in ethylene biosynthesis or perception had dramatically decreased scopoletin levels, and these plants became more susceptible to the fungus, while A. alternata‐elicited JA levels were increased, indicating that the decreased defence responses were not due to lower JA levels. Thus, it is concluded that after infection, ethylene signalling is activated together with JA signalling in N. attenuata plants and this subsequently regulates scopoletin biosynthesis and plant resistance. 相似文献
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Soybean ( Glycine max ) cv. Harosoy 63 is resistant to race 1 and susceptible to race 9 of Phytophthora megasperma f. sp. glycinea (Pmg). In detached primary leaves inoculated with zoospores, growth of race 1 was completely suppressed 16 h after inoculation, while race 9 was unaffected. The amount of the phytoalexin glyceollin that accumulated, however, was not significantly different in either the incompatible or compatible interaction 16 h after inoculation. At the circumference of the inoculated area, a slight accumulation of phytoalexin was observed only in the incompatible interaction 20 h or more after inoculation. Tolerance of race 9 to the phytoalexin was significantly higher than that of race 1 when the phytoalexin was added to agar. Moreover, race 9 degraded glyceollin faster than race 1. On leaves inoculated at separate points with either race, the lesion associated with race 9 never colonized areas inoculated with race 1. These results suggest that factor(s) other than the accumulation of phytoalexin in soybean tissue might cause cessation of growth of Pmg. 相似文献
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根据七个甘薯品种抗根腐病特性鉴定的结果,用分光光度法和薄层扫描分光光度法来检测受根腐病菌侵染后甘薯块根组织中呋喃类萜植保素的含量。结果表明,接种根腐病菌后的早期状态中,抗病品种徐薯18侵染组织内积累呋喃类萜植保素的速度较快,且含量较高,而感病品种胜利百号积累呋喃类萜植保素速度则较慢,且含量小。于接种24和48小时后分析各个抗感品种病部的呋喃类萜植保素含量与其对根腐病的抗病性高度相关。据此,建议将接种后产生呋喃类萜植保素的特性作为衡量甘薯品种对根腐病抗性的参考指标。 相似文献
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利用细胞和组织培养技术研究水稻抗稻瘟病机制 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用组织培养技术建立了水稻悬浮细胞和愈伤组织培养体系.用木聚糖酶激发子处理水稻悬浮细胞,引起细胞内过氧化氢和超氧阴离子含量迅速升高.木聚糖酶和稻瘟病菌提取物处理水稻悬浮细胞1h后,编码几丁质酶的基因Cht-1表达明显增加,而编码病程相关蛋白的PR10基因没有表达,但处理12 h,后者表达明显增加.用稻瘟病菌提取物和激发子木聚糖酶处理水稻悬浮细胞,均诱导水稻细胞合成樱花素--专抗稻瘟病的抗毒素.若用它们处理水稻愈伤组织,则引起组织褐化、生长量降低、密度下降.初步结果表明:水稻悬浮细胞和愈伤组织是研究水稻抗稻瘟病机制方便、合适的实验材料. 相似文献
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Cajanol accumulation was monitored in four cultivars of pigeonpea, Cajanus cajan (L) Millsp, after inoculation with 2 x 10(6) conidia ml-1 of Fusarium udum Butler. Rapid accumulation was observed only in wilt-resistant cultivar ICP 9145. Another wilt-resistant cultivar, ICP 8863, had low levels of cajanol similar to those in wilt-susceptible cultivars ICP 2376 and Malawi local, indicating that rapid cajanol accumulation is not positively correlated with resistance to wilt in pigeonpea. A comparison of various inducing agents showed live conidia of the pathogen to cause more rapid accumulation than the other agents. 相似文献