强化型EM菌剂对金针菇菌糠堆肥的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘维维  金晓  辛寒晓  史庆华  姚强  刘丽英  孙中涛 《中国农学通报》2020,36(22):78-85

为提高EM菌剂在菌糠堆肥中的应用效果,加速腐熟进程,改善堆肥质量,采用纤维素酶与木聚糖酶高产菌株黑曲霉SNH-7、蛋白酶高产菌株枯草芽孢杆菌SNK-103与EM菌剂进行复配,研制强化型EM菌剂,并研究其对菌糠堆肥的影响。结果表明：与普通EM菌剂相比,接种强化型EM菌剂的处理堆肥过程中微生物代谢更加旺盛,温度、pH、EC值、总有机碳、可溶性有机碳、总氮、铵态氮、硝态氮、C/N、腐植酸和黄腐酸含量等理化指标的升高或降低幅度更大,腐熟进程加快;成品堆肥的GI提高,C/N降低,总氮、硝态氮、总腐植酸和游离腐植酸的含量升高,生物安全性更好、肥效更高。说明在EM菌剂中补充纤维素酶、木聚糖酶和蛋白酶高产菌株,可强化其对纤维素、木质素和蛋白质的降解能力,在无辅料、高C/N、低pH的不利条件下,添加该菌剂能加速堆肥进程,提高堆肥质量。  相似文献   

苹果渣发酵料栽培糙皮侧耳优良菌株的选育   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

卜庆梅  王淑芳  王书卿  黄清荣 《中国食用菌》2002,21(4):10-12

新选育的糙皮侧耳菌株PL -A2 属于早熟型品种。该菌株菌丝在 5～ 37℃温度范围内均能生长 ,菌丝生长适温为 18～ 30℃ ,最适温度为 2 5～ 2 8℃。在苹果渣发酵料培养基上 ,菌丝粗壮、整齐、洁白 ,爬壁能力强 ,满袋天数为 2 2d± 1d。经推广栽培证明 ,PL -A2 是高产优质菌株  相似文献   

利用废菌糠提高覆土持水力和蘑菇产量的研究   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10  

王志强  郭倩  凌霞芬  郁建强 《中国食用菌》2004,23(5):15-17

本文利用平菇等食用菌的废菌糠 ,经适当无氧发酵等一系列处理后添加到普通泥土中 ,使其最大持水力提高至 5 1 3% ,单产提高 13 6 %  相似文献   

蚯蚓堆肥和蚯蚓发酵液体肥在设施葡萄上应用研究     

王红梅  曹云娥 《中国果业信息》2017,46(5)

以设施栽培的‘红地球’葡萄为试验材料，采用单因素完全随机设计，研究了蚯蚓堆肥与蚯蚓发酵液体肥对葡萄叶片光合能力、植株生长情况、土壤状况和果实品质及产量的影响。结果表明：利用蚯蚓堆肥与蚯蚓发酵液体肥，提高叶绿素相对含量与净光合速率11.12%、15.31%，促进葡萄的生长，提高叶片面积、茎粗和新稍生长量7.58%、6.42%、18.86%，开花期促进茎叶磷素的吸收，成熟期促进茎叶钾素的吸收；改善土壤理化性质，降低土壤容重30.43%，显著增加总孔隙度8.63%，增加土壤EC值38.23%，pH值降低8.32%，提高速效氮、磷、钾10.56%、11.11%、12.67%，提升有机质3.15 g?kg-1；活化土壤微生物，提高脲酶、磷酸酶和蔗糖酶66.86%、54.60%、82.03%，细菌、放线菌、真菌数量是对照的3.20倍、0.43倍、3.28倍，提高微生物碳氮14.98%、20.23%，增加可溶性蛋白、Vc、可溶性固形物、糖酸比24.31%、9.74%、5.49%、23.46%，降低可滴定酸13.51%；产量增加了21.73%，并土壤理化性质以及土壤微生物关系密切。  相似文献   

磷酸铵镁堆肥产品养分释放特性及其肥效研究     

李丹阳  亓传仁  卫亚楠  李国学 《农业环境科学学报》2020,39(9):2066-2073

为了研究磷酸铵镁堆肥产品的氮磷养分释放特性及其肥效,分别采用土柱淋溶方法及盆栽试验研究了磷酸铵镁堆肥(MAPC)产品的氮磷养分释放特性及对油菜的肥效,并与普通化肥(CCH)、普通堆肥(CCO)、磷酸铵镁肥(MAP)3种肥料进行对比。结果表明:在整个淋溶过程中,CCH和MAPC处理淋溶液的总氮及总磷浓度均较其他处理高;MAP肥具有缓释性,且堆肥对其养分释放具有促进作用;CCO处理的养分释放最慢。在最后一次淋洗(即第5次)后,总氮及总磷养分浓度排序均为:CCHMAPCMAPCCO。盆栽试验18 d后油菜快速生长,且与对照(不施肥)处理相比,MAP和MAPC处理能显著提高油菜的株高及生物量。在45 d盆栽试验结束时,CCH、CCO、MAP和MAPC处理的生物量分别是对照处理的14.8、4.8、20.5倍和16.0倍。MAP处理能显著提高油菜的养分含量,TN和TP含量分别比对照提高了2.24 g·kg~(-1)和1.54 g·kg~(-1)。研究表明,4种肥料均可改善油菜的生长发育情况,且MAP和MAPC的肥效优于CCH和CCO,在堆肥中利用鸟粪石结晶原理可固定部分氮磷元素,提高堆肥产品肥效。  相似文献   

Potato absorption and phytoavailability of Cd,Ni, Cu,Zn and Pb in sierozem soils amended with municipal sludge compost   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

LIU Zheng  NAN Zhongren  ZHAO Chuanyan  YANG Yang 《干旱区科学》2018,10(4):638-652

Effects of sludge utilization on the mobility and phytoavailability of heavy metals in soil-plant systems have attracted broad attention in recent years. In this study, we analyzed the effects of municipal sludge compost(MSC) on the solubility and plant uptake of Cd, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb in a soil-potato system to explore the mobility, potato plant uptake and enrichment of these five heavy metals in sierozem soils amended with MSC through a potato cultivation trial in Lanzhou University of China in 2014. Ridge regression analysis was conducted to investigate the phytoavailability of heavy metals in amended soils. Furthermore, CaCl_2, CH_3 COONH_4, CH_3COOH, diethylene triamine pentacetic acid(DTPA) and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid(EDTA) were used to extract the labile fraction of heavy metals from the amended soils. The results show that the MSC could not only improve the fertility but also increase the dissolved organic carbon(DOC) content of sierozem soils. The total concentrations and labile fraction proportions of heavy metals increase with increasing MSC percentage in sierozem soils. In amended soils, Cd has the highest solubility and mobility while Ni has the lowest solubility and mobility among the five heavy metals. The MSC increases the concentrations of heavy metals in the root, stem, peel and tuber of the potato plant, with the concentrations being much higher in the stem and root than in the peel and tuber. Among the five heavy metals, the bioconcentration factor value of Cd is the highest, while that of Ni is the lowest. The complexing agent(DTPA and EDTA) extractable fractions of heavy metals are the highest in terms of phytoavailability. Soil properties(including organic matter, p H and DOC) have important impacts on the phytoavailability of heavy metals. Our results suggest that in soil-potato systems, although the MSC may improve soil fertility, it can also increase the risk of soils exposed to heavy metals.  相似文献   

复合微生物菌剂在猪粪无害化处理中的应用     

邵栓  朱群  李慧娟  常娟  王平  刘超齐  尹清强 《畜牧与兽医》2021,(4):42-47

为了研究微生物菌剂对粪便恶臭组分及微生物菌群的影响,选取猪粪和玉米秸秆作为堆肥原料进行28 d的堆肥试验。试验分为5组,A、B和C组分别用玉米秸秆调节堆体水分为40%、50%和60%,D和E组不加玉米秸秆,A、B、C和D组分别接种微生物菌剂,E组不添加菌剂。结果显示,B组堆体的高温持续时间最长,粪便腐熟效果最好。与E组相比,B组大肠杆菌数量显著减少了62.84%(P<0.05),而乳酸菌数却提高了14.41%(P<0.05)。A组和B组堆肥体铵态氮显著低于其他组(P<0.05),其中B组的铵态氮含量比E组降低了81.18%(P<0.05)。B组堆肥体铵态氮/全氮值分别比D和E组降低了42.81%和58.37%(P<0.05)。B组吲哚浓度分别比D和E组降低了53.36%和67.52%(P<0.05)。A、B和C组堆肥体硫酸盐浓度显著低于D和E组(P<0.05)。结果表明,当堆体含水率为50%时,复合菌剂对粪便中有害物质的去除效果最好。  相似文献   

Persistence of low and highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in reused poultry litter,effects of litter amendment use,and composting temperatures     

《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2021,30(1):100096

  相似文献   

Heavy Metal Immobilization in Contaminated Soils using Phosphogypsum and Rice Straw Compost     

Esawy Mahmoud  Nasser Abd El‐Kader 《Land Degradation \u0026amp; Development》2015,26(8):819-824

The application of soil amendments to immobilize heavy metals is a promising technology to meet the requirements for environmentally sound and cost‐effective remediation. The present study was carried out to evaluate the result of phosphogypsum (PG) used alone and in combination with compost (CP) at a mix ratio of 1:1 wet weight ratio (PG + CP) at 10 and 20 g dry weight kg⁻¹ dry soil, on heavy metal immobilization in contaminated soil and on canola growth. The results revealed that the Pb, Cd and Zn uptake of canola plants was reduced by the application of PG alone and when it was mixed with CP as compared with untreated soil. At an application rate of 10 g dry weight kg⁻¹ dry soil of (PG + CP) the dry weight of canola plants increased by 66·8% was increased in comparison with its weight in the untreated soil. The addition of PG alone resulted in more pronounced immobilization of heavy metal as compared with PG mixed with CP. Plant growth was improved with CP addition, but heavy metals immobilization was the greatest in PG alone treatments. Results suggest that PG may be useful for the immobilization of heavy metals in contaminated soils. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

基于隧道式发酵金针菇菌渣的双孢蘑菇培养料制备分析     

柯斌榕  廖剑华  卢政辉  兰清秀  应正河 《中国食用菌》2021,(1):54-58,63

采用隧道发酵技术,以金针菇(Flammulina filiformis)菌渣为原材料,进行双孢蘑菇培养料的制备。通过一次及二次隧道发酵的工艺控制,检测堆制过程中温度、含水量、pH及电导率等理化成分的变化,并结合出菇结果评价金针菇菌渣培养料的使用情况。结果表明,金针菇菌渣在隧道一次发酵过程中最高温可达74℃以上,整个发酵周期16 d。通过隧道发酵制备的二次培养料不黏腻、结构松散、味道清香,含水量为66.40%,pH为8.16,电导率为875.00μs·cm-1,含氮量2.00%,碳氮比为20.36,符合双孢蘑菇栽培要求。双孢蘑菇四潮出菇产量为19.25 kg·m-2。表明隧道式发酵技术可以应用于工厂化金针菇菌渣制备的双孢蘑菇培养料中。  相似文献