Segregation and linkage analysis of DNA markers in microspore derived and F2 populations of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.)     

P. K. Tanhuanpää  J. P. Vilkki  H. J. Vilkki 《Euphytica》1993,74(1-2):59-65

Summary The segregation of RFLP and RAPD markers was compared in two oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) breeding populations from the cross Topas x R4, the latter being a low linolenic mutation line. A total progeny of 68 F₂ and 40 microspore derived plants were studied with 25 markers. The results indicated a significant excess of Topas alleles at five RAPD loci in the microspore derived population. This suggests that genomic regions which probably affect microspore culture ability do not have identical distribution in the two population types.  相似文献   

New genes for disease resistances through somatic hybridization     

J. P. Helgeson 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1992,98(Z2):223-229

Somatic hybridization, a process of combining protoplasts from different plants, can provide new sources of disease resistances for plants. In the case of wild and cultivatedSolanum species, the hybrids express resistances from each partner in the fusion and can often be crossed with cultivars to improve agronomic characteristics of the tubers. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses can provide a means for determining that the plants being investigated are actually hybrids as well as a means for following the introgression of DNA into progeny lines. These points are addressed in this paper with specific reference to somatic hybrids betweenSolanum brevidens and potato.  相似文献   

ITS—RFLP分析进行昆虫病原线虫斯氏属和异小杆属的分类鉴定   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

李菁菁  韩日畴等 《昆虫天敌》2002,24(3):97-104

本研究通过PCR扩增和六种限制性内切酶（AluⅠ，HinfⅠ，MboⅠ，RsaⅠ，HaeⅢ和PvuⅡ）酶切，对国内害虫防治上常用的几种昆虫病原线虫，包括斯氏属S.car-pocapsae,S.feltiae和S.glaseri以及异小杆属H.bacteriophora,H.zealandica,H.indicus和H.megidis等8个品系rDNA-ITS进行分析。建立起可以区分各线虫种的标准RFLP图谱。该方法快速简便，稳定可靠，需要的样品量少。可以用于新鲜的，或冻存的样品，甚至分析单条的线虫，不仅可进行昆虫病原线虫的快速分类鉴定。而且进一步可以应用于线虫田间释放的辅助监测。实际田间感染率的测定和线虫毒力的比较。  相似文献   

番木瓜环斑病毒株系的分子生物学方法鉴定   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6  

贺国安  肖火根  张曙光  李华平  范怀忠 《植物病理学报》2002,32(1):21-25

 以PRSV株系特异性引物对PRSV的PRSV126(PRSV日本分离物)、Ys、Vb和Sm等株系进行RT-PCR方法鉴定,引物PR21/PR22能把Ys从Vb和Sm中鉴定出来,PR300/PR301则能把Vb从Ys、Sm和PRSV126中鉴定出来;用限制性内切酶Hae Ⅱ、Sau3A I和Hinf I对PRSV的PRSV126、Ys、Vb和Sm等株系进行单酶切RT-PCR-RFLP分析,Hinf I能把PRSV126与Ys、Vb和Sm鉴别开来,Sau3A I能把Ys与Vb和Sm鉴别开来,Hae Ⅱ则能把Ys与PRSV126、Vb和Sm鉴别开来;以P1/P2为引物,对Vb、Ys和Sm株系进行RT-PCR-RFLP-SSCP分析,结果能一次把三者较好地区别开来。  相似文献   

The Prospects of Tissue Culture and Genetic Engineering for Strawberry Improvement     

S. Mohan Jain  Eija Pehu 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(3):133-139

Abstract

Strawberry shoot meristem cultures have been used for producing virus-free strawberry plants. Plantlet regneration from leaf mesophyll protoplasts, and Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated genetic transformation, mark the beginning of strawberry improvement with biotechnologies. The use of biotechnological tools has a greater potential in producing strawberry plants with traits such as early maturation, frost and disease resistance, mite and nematode resistance, high yield, better quality, suitability for mechanical harvesting, shipping ability, ellgaic acid content, aroma compounds and cost-effective micropropagation. Gene identification and mapping with RFLPs or RAPDs would be desirable. Transgenic strawberries should be tested for their quality before releasing to the consumers.  相似文献   

New severe strains of Melon necrotic spot virus: symptomatology and sequencing     

C. Kubo  E. Nakazono-Nagaoka  K. Hagiwara  H. Kajihara  S. Takeuchi  K. Matsuo  T. U. Ichiki  T. Omura † 《Plant pathology》2005,54(5):615-620

New strains of Melon necrotic spot virus (MNSV), designated MNSV-YS and MNSV-KS, caused much more severe growth retardation on melon plants than MNSV-NH, which was previously reported as the most severe strain of MNSV in Japan. MNSV-YS spread much more quickly than MNSV-NH in infected plants, and induced more severe growth retardation, even though the appearance of necrotic lesions on inoculated cotyledons was much slower. MNSV-KS had properties intermediate between those of the other two strains. The results suggest that faster-spreading strains can multiply more rapidly as a result of lower levels of activity in inducing necrotic lesions in melon plants. The complete sequences of MNSV-YS and MNSV-KS were determined, and an RT–PCR–RFLP method based on these sequences was successfully developed to detect and discriminate between the three strains.  相似文献   

重庆地区柑桔衰退病毒多态性研究   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

周彦  周常勇  王雪峰  唐科志 《植物保护学报》2005,32(2):143-147

柑桔衰退病毒(CTV)存在着复杂的株系分化现象.在使用弱毒株交叉保护防治柑桔衰退病时需要对田间病毒株系组成进行分析,并对选用的株系进行单蚜分离纯化.作者运用限制性片段长度多态性和单链构象多态性对田间获得的168个CTV样品和2个蚜传毒株的外壳蛋白基因进行分析,了解重庆市田间CTV组群构成情况,发现田间CTV以多株系混合发生为主,其中主要是CP/HinfⅠRFLP第1、3和6组群,约占总数的90%,并以强毒株混合感染为主.甜橙中CP/HinfⅠRFLP的组群构成最为复杂.单头褐色桔蚜从柚类至甜橙传播CTV的效率低(不足1%),该蚜的取食可改变CTV的株系组成.  相似文献   

Leek Proliferation: A New Phytoplasma Disease in the Czech Republic and Italy     

A. Bertaccini  J. Fránová  S. Paltrinieri  M. Martini  M. Navrátil  C. Lugaresi  J. Nebesárová  M. Simkova 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1999,105(5):487-493

During the summer 1996, twelve of twenty-eight leek plants located in a garden near eské Budjovice, South Bohemia exhibited symptoms typical of diseases associated with phytoplasmas. In summer 1998 similar symptoms were detected in leek plants in a field used for seed production located in Romagna, North Italy. In both cases the plants were established in the spring of the previous year. Plants showed flower abnormalities: stamen elongation, anther sterility, pistil proliferation, as well as poor, if any, seed production. Phytoplasma-like structures were detected by scanning and transmission electron microscopy in phloem sieve elements in the Czech diseased plants, but not in healthy ones. Nested-PCR amplifications of extracted DNA with phytoplasma-specific oligonucleotide primer pairs confirmed the presence of phytoplasmas in these plants at low concentrations. Restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses of amplified ribosomal sequences allowed the identification of detected phytoplasmas: all the samples from the Czech Republic contained aster yellows related phytoplasmas (16SrI-B) while in the Italian samples aster yellows related phytoplasmas (16SrI-B) together with stolbur related phytoplasmas (16SrXII-A) were identified. This is the first report of detection and identification of a phytoplasma disease of leek in the Czech Republic and Italy.  相似文献   

Electron Microscopy and Molecular Characterization of Phytoplasmas Associated with Strawflower Yellows in the Czech Republic     

J. Fránová  J. Přibylová  M. Šimková  M. Navrátil  P. Válová 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2003,109(8):883-887

Strawflower (Helichrysum bracteatum) with symptoms resembling those associated to phytoplasma infection were observed in several areas in the Czech Republic during the period 1994–2001. Plants with leaf bronzing, reddening and necrosis, proliferation of secondary shoots, flower abnormalities and dwarfing died in advanced stages of the disease. The disease incidence ranged from 2% to 70% and caused significant loss to the flower and seed production. Transmission electron microscopy showed phytoplasmas in sieve cells of affected plants, but not in healthy ones. Association of phytoplasmas with the disease was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction using phytoplasma universal ribosomal primers R16F2n/R16R2. An amplification product of the expected size (1.2 kb) was observed in all samples of the symptomatic strawflowers. The restriction profiles obtained following separate digestion with three endonucleases (AluI, HhaI, MseI) showed that phytoplasmas infecting strawflowers from different localities in the Czech Republic were uniform and undistinguishable from aster yellows (subgroup 16SrI-B). Sequence analysis of 1771 bp of the ribosomal operon amplified with primers P1/U3, R16F2n/R2 and 16R758/P7 indicated that the closest related phytoplasmas were those associated with 'Rehmannia glutinosa var. purpurea', both originating from Bohemia. This is the first report on the occurrence of a phytoplasma-associated disease of strawflower in the Czech Republic.  相似文献   

DNA fingerprinting of Australian isolates of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis using IS900 RFLP     

Cousins DV  Williams SN  Hope A  Eamens GJ 《Australian veterinary journal》2000,78(3):184-190

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate additional restriction enzymes for IS900 RFLP of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis and examine the genetic diversity among Australian isolates for epidemiological studies of Johne's disease. DESIGN AND PROCEDURE: Seventy-one isolates of M paratuberculosis from cattle, sheep, goat, alpaca and rhinoceros in six Australian States and the Northern Territory, reference strains and reference DNA from previously characterised strains were tested for genetic variation. Bst EII, Pvu II and Pst I restriction enzymes were used, and four others (Bam HI, Alu I, Xho I and Dra I) were assessed for their ability to detect polymorphisms. Multiple isolates from some animals were tested. RESULTS: Bam HI, was the most effective enzyme for identifying polymorphisms (12 types), followed by Bst EII (11 types). Both Pvu II and Pst I were relatively ineffectual. Fifteen different types were identified, 12 in clinical isolates. Most isolates were cattle (C) strains and fell into the C1 (n = 28) and C3 (n = 32) groupings. All isolates from alpaca were type C1, and bovine isolates were commonly C1 (n = 15) or C3 (n = 28). All of the sheep were infected with sheep (S) strains; no S strains were identified in cattle. Two of six isolates from one animal had single band differences. CONCLUSION: The epidemiological features of M paratuberculosis in Australia are similar to those reported in New Zealand, where cattle and sheep are commonly infected with different strains. However, because of the lack of polymorphism identified within the major groups, it is unlikely that DNA fingerprinting will have a significant role in epidemiological studies of Johne's disease, unless an unusual strain in being studied.  相似文献