Induction of an antioxidant enzyme system and other oxidative stress markers associated with compatible and incompatible interactions between chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.ciceris   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Carmen García-Limones  Ana Hervs  Juan A. Navas-Corts  Rafael M. Jimnez-Díaz  Manuel Tena 《Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology》2002,61(6):325

To ascertain if active oxygen species play a role in fusarium wilt of chickpea caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris, the degree of lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde formation) and the activity levels of diamine oxidase (DAO), an apoplastic H₂O₂-forming oxidase, and several antioxidant enzymes, namely ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), guaiacol-dependent peroxidase (GPX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), were determined spectrophotometrically in roots and stems of ‘WR315’ (resistant) and ‘JG62’ (susceptible) chickpea cultivars inoculated with the highly virulent race 5 of the pathogen. Moreover, APX, CAT, GPX and SOD were also analysed in roots and stems by gel electrophoresis and activity staining; and the protein levels of APX and SOD in roots were determined by Western blotting. In roots, infection by the pathogen increased lipid peroxidation and CAT and SOD activities, although such responses occurred earlier in the incompatible compared with the compatible interactions. APX, GPX and GR activities were also increased in infected roots, but only in the compatible interaction. In stems, infection by the pathogen increased lipid peroxidation and APX, CAT, SOD and GPX activities only in the compatible interaction, and DAO activity only in the incompatible one. In general, electrophoregrams agreed with the activity levels determined spectrophotometrically and did not reveal any differences in isoenzyme patterns between cultivars or between infected and non-infected plants. Further, Western blots revealed an increase in the root protein levels of APX in the compatible interaction and in those of SOD in both compatible and incompatible interactions. In conclusion, whereas enhanced DAO activity in stems, and earlier increases in lipid peroxidation and CAT and SOD activities in roots, can be associated with resistance to fusarium wilt in chickpea, the induction of the latter three parameters in roots and stems along with that of APX, GR (only in roots) and GPX (only in stems) activities are rather more associated with the establishment of the compatible interaction.  相似文献   

Effect op foliar sprays of sulphuric acid with and without elemental sulphur in the prevention of chlorosis In Peanut (Arachis hypogaea. L.)     

《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(4):331-339

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted on an alkaline calcareous soil of Agronomy farm of the College of Agriculture, University of Udaipur to study the effect of sulphur on crop yield, leaf elemental composition, chlorophyll synthesis and activities of haematin enzymes. Application of elemental sulphur 21 days before planting with and without 0.1 per cent foliar sprays of H₂SO₄. increased crop yield by 137 to 197 per cent. Application of all these treatnents had no effect on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of leaves but sulphur content was signficantly increased. Iron content of green leaves was decreased significantly 4 to 5 times together with an increase in the activity of catalase and peroxidase enzymes. Chlorosis in these soils appears to be on account of a reduced physiological availability of iron after absorption.  相似文献   

额济纳盆地植物地下微生境深度范围的确定——土壤酶指示法     

王萍  罗晓云 《干旱区研究》2006,23(4):583-587

地下微生境位置的确定对于干旱区植被生态系统的恢复具有重要意义,但目前尚没有准确、简单可行的确定方法.应用额济纳盆地的野外调查与室内实验数据,分析了3类植物群落结构(草本 灌木组合、灌木 乔木组合及草本 灌木 乔木组合)中的土壤过氧化氢酶活性曲线.结果发现:过氧化氢酶活性曲线的各峰值区与植物群落中各生活型植物的根群位置对应,而已有研究指出植物的根群位置正与植物的地下微生境位置对应.因此,可以通过分析过氧化氢酶活性曲线来确定植物地下微生境的空间位置.  相似文献   

Changes in antioxidative system and membrane damage of lettuce in response to salinity and boron toxicity     

F. Eraslan  A. InalO. Savasturk  A. Gunes 《Scientia Horticulturae》2007

Individual and combined effects of salinity and B toxicity on growth, the major antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT; ascorbate peroxidase, APX) activities, ascorbic acid, proline, and H₂O₂ accumulation, and stomatal resistance (SR), malondialdehyde (MDA), membrane permeability (MP) and the concentrations of sodium (Na), chloride (Cl) and boron (B) of lettuce were investigated. Boron toxicity and salinity reduced growth of lettuce plants. Under B toxicity, B concentration of the plants was increased, but in the presence of NaCl, the concentration of B was significantly reduced. Sodium and Cl concentrations were increased in B + NaCl and NaCl treatments. Membrane damage was more pronounced in NaCl and B + NaCl treatments. Stomatal resistance of the plants was significantly increased by salinity treatments. The accumulation of proline and ascorbic acid was the highest in the B + NaCl treatment. In general, stress conditions significantly increased H₂O₂ and antioxidant enzyme (SOD, CAT and APX) activities. The present results indicate that stomatal closure is an important response of lettuce against NaCl and B + NaCl stress. Furthermore NaCl and B + NaCl toxicity-induced oxidative stress in lettuce resulting in lipid peroxidation and membrane damage. Increased antioxidant enzyme activities and also accumulation of ascorbic acid and proline are involved in order to overcome B- and NaCl-induced oxidative stress.  相似文献   

Effects of 5‐aminolevulinic acid on water uptake,ionic toxicity,and antioxidant capacity of Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L.) under sodic‐alkaline conditions     

《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2017,180(5):535-543

Sodic‐alkalinity may be more deleterious to plant growth than salinity. The objectives of this study were to determine whether 5‐aminolevulinic acid (ALA: an essential precursor for chlorophyll biosynthesis) foliar application could improve the sodic‐alkaline resistance of Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L. subsp. cicla ) by regulating water uptake, ionic homeostasis, photosynthetic capacity, and antioxidant metabolism. Eight‐week‐old uniform plants were grown in nutrient medium without and with a sodic‐alkaline regime generated by a mixture of NaHCO₃ and Na₂CO₃ (NaHCO₃ : Na₂CO₃ = 9:1 molar ratio) for 12 d, and leaves were sprayed daily with water or ALA. The Na⁺ and ALA concentrations were gradually increased to 60 mM and 120 μM, respectively. ALA foliar application alleviated the physiological damage from sodic‐alkalinity, as reflected by the increases in plant dry weight, relative growth rate, chlorophyll, Mg²⁺ concentration, and the decrease in Na⁺ concentration. However, ALA foliar application did not change the water uptake capacity or the concentration of K⁺, Fe³⁺, and endogenous ALA in leaf tissues under sodic‐alkaline conditions. ALA foliar application effectively mitigated damage from sodic‐alkalinity because of the increased activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase and guaiacol peroxidase), particularly superoxide dismutase activity, which was maintained at the same level as for control plants. These results suggest that ALA foliar application alleviated sodic‐alkaline stress mainly owing to its antioxidant capacity, and superoxide dismutase has the main responsibility for reducing oxidative stress in Swiss chard.  相似文献   

Differential responses of chicory ecotypes exposed to drought stress in relation to enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants as well as ABA concentration     

Kimiya Ghanaatiyan 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2017,92(4):404-410

Drought stress causes various physiological and biochemical effects in plants. Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.), of the Asteraceae, is a medicinal herbal that is found in most parts of Iran. This study was taken as a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design? with four replications, to evaluate the effect of water deficit on changes in antioxidant enzyme activity, proline content, and ABA accumulation of four ecotypes of chicory (Sefid Shiraz, Siyah Shiraz, Sefid Isfahan, Siyah Isfahan). To conduct this research, greenhouse cultivation at four different irrigation levels, 100% (as a control), 80, 60 and 40% of field capacity (FC), was conducted and after 60 days of tension under specific treatment, the plants were harvested and the indicators were investigated. The results of the present study indicate that Siyah Shiraz performs better than the others under water deficit conditions, as indicated by higher antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase) activity, proline content (as non-enzymatic anti oxidant) and abscisic acid accumulation in leaves. Since activation of the antioxidant system helps the plants with stress-induced damages, our results indicate that Siyah Shiraz has a better defense system against oxidative damage. These data are useful for better understanding of the physiological basis of changes in drought resistance as well as crop breeding projects.  相似文献   

Reactive oxygen species,antioxidant enzyme activities and gene expression patterns in leaves and roots of Kentucky bluegrass in response to drought stress and recovery   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Shaomin Bian  Yiwei Jiang 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009

  相似文献   

椿叶花椒与川椒过氧化氢酶活力的比较研究     

刘友全  马英  何友军  刘鲲 《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2005,25(4):76-77

对两个花椒树种的过氧化氢酶活性进行了研究,结果表明椿叶花椒比川椒的酶活性高7.98%,这对花椒的抗寒性研究具有重要意义.  相似文献   

阿特拉津对土壤过氧化氢酶活性的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

那日苏  林泮  张爽  陈鹏  王慧芳  张凤杰 《绿色科技》2014,(10)

采用室内培养方法,研究了阿特拉津胁迫对土壤中过氧化氢酶的活性的影响。结果发现:在培养期间,阿特拉津对土壤过氧化氢酶表现为明显的抑制作用。3种模型拟合阿特拉津浓度与酶活性关系均达到显著相关关系。土壤阿特拉津对过氧化氢酶的生态阈值的平均值为103mg/kg。  相似文献   

动力学光度法测定小麦过氧化氢酶活动度   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

展海军  徐飞  李颖颖 《种子》2013,32(9)

过氧化氢酶与四甲基联苯胺和过氧化氢反应生成蓝色物质,通过分光光度法检测蓝色产物进而可测定小麦中过氧化氢酶活动度.结果表明,光度法测得的蓝色反应的初始速率与小麦中过氧化氢酶的活动度呈线性关系,线性方程为:y=110.26x +44.06,相关系数为R=0.993.采用此方法测定小麦中的过氧化氢酶活动度准确高,重复性好,简便快捷,是测定粮食中的过氧化氢酶活动度的一种较好的方法.  相似文献