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体尺细分法在竞赛用伊犁马选择上的应用研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文采用体尺细分法 ,测定了乌鲁木齐马术俱乐部 2 4匹伊犁马 1 9个细分体尺及 1 0 0 0m速度成绩。分析细分体尺与速度的相关性 ,结果为 :颈长、肩长、肱骨长、股骨长、胫骨长、肩倾角、股骨倾角、髋骨倾角与速度呈显著 (P <0 0 5)或极显著 (P <0 0 1 )相关 相似文献
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2013年8-10月,采用模拟采食法、群牧差额法、内外指示剂结合法在昭苏马场草甸草地上进行了放牧条件下乳用伊犁马采食量的测定。结果表明,1)同种测定方法不同月份之间测定的乳用伊犁马干物质采食量差异不显著(P0.05)。2)模拟采食法测得的干物质采食量为12.79 kg·15 h-1·匹-1,群牧差额法测得为16.39kg·d-1·匹-1,内外指示剂结合法测得为13.28 kg·d-1·匹-1。3)群牧差额法与内外指示剂结合法测定的乳用伊犁马干物质采食量之间差异不显著(P0.05),初步确定乳用伊犁马平均干物质采食量为14.83 kg·d-1·匹-1。 相似文献
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【目的】研究补喂支链氨基酸(BCAA)、肌酸(Cr)对伊犁马血浆抗氧化指标、激素水平、肌酸、葡萄糖浓度以及乳酸、尿酸和肌酐含量的影响,为支链氨基酸、肌酸作为伊犁马有效的营养添加剂提供参考数据。【方法】选取年龄3~5岁(平均4岁),体重390~514 kg(平均457±50 kg),经过良好训练的伊犁马公马12匹进行试验。分为3组,每组4匹,分别为对照组、试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组。对照组补喂不添加任何添加物的补喂料,试验Ⅰ组补喂添加BCAA的补喂料,试验Ⅱ组补喂添加Cr的补喂料。分别在补饲的0、1、14、21和31 d补喂后4 h颈静脉采集血液。采用试剂盒法测定相关指标。【结果】补喂Cr能够明显提高T-AOC能力,Cr补喂组与对照组差异显著(P<0.05),特别是在14和31d比对照组提高了21.79%和25.68%;补喂BCAA降低试验期间MDA的含量;对于血浆中的胰岛素、胰高血糖素和皮质醇等3种激素水平,肌酸、葡萄糖、乳酸、尿酸和肌酐的浓度与对照组相比差异不显著(P>0.05)。【结论】补喂BCAA可以降低脂质过氧化产物MDA的浓度;补喂Cr可以提高SOD的活力和提高伊犁马血浆的T-AOC能力;补喂BCAA、Cr对伊犁马血浆中的胰岛素、胰高血糖素和皮质醇等3种激素的水平均无显著影响;对浆中肌酸、葡萄糖的浓度均无显著影响;对血浆中乳酸、尿酸和肌酐的含量均无显著影响。 相似文献
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中国养马业有悠久的历史,可以追溯到数千年,其中新疆伊犁马更是历代军马的摇篮,为中国养马业发展起到了重要作用,但随着机械的广泛运用,马业开始走下坡路,以马匹养殖数量来看我国于1974年马匹存栏达1144.7万匹,到了2009年我国马匹数量减少到678.5万匹,新疆则减到87万匹,以至于我国仅有14个省马匹存栏10万匹以上,严重影响了马产业的发展,然而畜牧业发达的国家,如美国马产业直接和间接产值1121亿美元,超过美国的服装业、电影业、家具制造业,是美国的重要产业之一,同时美国有为社会提供140万个就业岗位,远远大于铁路运输、广播电视、石油煤炭产品制造业,是美国社会非常重要的就业行业之一. 相似文献
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《动物营养学报》2021,33(9)
本试验旨在探究补喂胍基乙酸(GAA)对伊犁马运动性能、糖代谢以及抗氧化能力的影响。选取20匹年龄为2～3岁、体重[(373.20±30.53) kg]相近且经过严格训练的速度赛用伊犁马,随机分为4组,每组5匹(3♀+2♂),每日进行等强度训练。每匹马每天饲喂精料补充料4 kg,自由采食青干草,在此基础上,各组每天每匹马分别补喂0(CON组)、25(25 GAA组)、50(50 GAA组)和75 mg/kg BW的GAA(75 GAA组),进行为期8周的试验。在试验第47天进行2 000 m速度赛,并采集血浆和尿液样品。结果表明:1)补喂GAA可以缩短伊犁马2 000 m比赛用时。2)50 GAA组赛后即刻血浆GAA、肌酸、肌酐含量显著高于CON组(P0.05);50GAA和75 GAA组赛后即刻血浆肌酸激酶活性均极显著高于CON组(P0.01),同时50 GAA组极显著高于75 GAA组(P0.01)。各试验组赛后即刻尿的肌酐排出量均极显著高于CON组(P0.01)。3)各试验组赛前2 h、赛后即刻和赛后2 h血浆胰岛素含量均极显著高于CON组(P0.01);各试验组赛前2 h、赛后即刻和赛后2 h的血浆葡萄糖、乳酸含量均显著低于CON组(P0.05)。4)与CON组相比,各试验组赛前2 h和赛后2 h血浆总抗氧化能力及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性均显著高于CON组(P0.05)。在本试验条件下,补喂GAA提高了伊犁马2 000 m速度赛的运动成绩、血浆肌酸代谢物含量以及机体抗氧化能力,促进了运动马机体糖代谢对运动的供能。因此,GAA可作为营养调控剂,用于缓解运动马运动疲劳或促进运动后的疲劳恢复,以每匹马补喂50 mg/kg时效果最佳。 相似文献
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不同驱虫药驱虫后伊犁马血液生化指标变化的研究 《畜牧与饲料科学》2023,44(1):116-121
[目的] 研究不同驱虫药对伊犁马血液生化指标的影响,为伊犁马科学驱虫及健康养殖提供参考。[方法] 将平均体重（265.5±35.6）kg、出生日期相近的40匹1岁伊犁马随机分为5组,每组8匹,分别为对照组、试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅲ组和试验Ⅳ组。在相同的饲养管理和日粮营养水平条件下,对照组不驱虫,在试验开始第1天,试验Ⅰ组使用伊维菌素驱虫,试验Ⅱ组使用吡喹酮驱虫,试验Ⅲ组使用阿苯达唑驱虫,试验Ⅳ组使用伊维菌素和阿苯达唑的混合药剂驱虫;在试验第14天采集马匹血液样品,测定血浆氮代谢指标、葡萄糖及酶相关指标、脂代谢指标及金属离子指标。[结果] ①试验Ⅲ组总蛋白（TP）浓度最低,与对照组、试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组及试验Ⅳ组相比,分别降低了8.16%、7.15%、4.98%及6.62%（P>0.05）。对照组及各试验组白蛋白（ALB）、尿素（UREA）浓度均无显著（P>0.05）差异。与对照组相比,试验Ⅲ组及试验Ⅳ组血浆中UREA浓度分别降低了33.15%及36.10%（P>0.05）。②与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅲ组、试验Ⅳ组丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）活力分别降低了26.51%、21.11%、47.14%及52.38%（P>0.05）。试验Ⅲ组血浆中碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活力低于对照组,降低了0.19%（P>0.05）。与对照组相比,试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅳ组的乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）活力显著（P<0.05）升高,分别提高了17.84%、13.51%;谷草转氨酶（AST）活力分别提高了5.40%和4.08%（P>0.05）。③对照组血浆中甘油三酯（TG）、肌酐（CREA）及尿酸（UA）的含量与各试验组相比均无显著（P>0.05）差异。试验Ⅰ组及试验Ⅳ组血浆中CREA浓度较对照组分别提高13.38%和9.86%（P>0.05）。试验Ⅱ组血浆中胆碱酯酶（CHE）活力显著（P<0.05）高于试验Ⅲ组,提高了17.70%。④对照组血浆中Mg2+浓度与各试验组相比差异不显著（P>0.05）;试验Ⅲ组血浆中Ca2+浓度最低,与对照组、试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组及试验Ⅳ组相比,分别降低了23.44%、16.40%、25.89%及21.43%（P<0.05）。[结论] 综合来看,使用伊维菌素和阿苯达唑混合驱虫,对伊犁马血浆中的氮代谢、糖脂代谢指标及肝功能代谢酶活力改善效果更明显。 相似文献
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LI Xueyan MENG Jun YI Haibo ZENG Yaqi WANG Jianwen WANG Chuankun REN Wanlu YAO Xinkui YAN Jiabao ZHANG Weilong 《中国畜牧兽医》2022,49(6):2098-2104
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of different training stages on the performance and heart rate variability(HRV) of Yili horses and to provide data for reference in the conditioning training of 1 600 m distance Yili horses.【Method】 Eight 3-year-old Yili horses (stallions) were selected as test subjects.A 3-month speed specific performance training program was conducted, and a speed test race was organized in the last week of each month of training, and HRV was collected before, immediately after, 0.5 h after, and 1 h after 1 600 m test race.Among them, the time-domain indexes included the mean of all R-R intervals (Mean RR), the standard deviation of all R-R intervals (SDNN), the mean heart rate (Mean HR), the root mean square of the difference between adjacent R-R intervals (RMSSD), the number of adjacent R-R intervals with a difference greater than 50 ms (NN50), and the percentage of adjacent R-R intervals with a difference greater than 50 ms to the total number of heartbeats (pNN50).Frequency domain metrics included very low frequency (VLF), low frequency power (LF), high frequency power (HF) and nonlinear metrics:standard deviation (Y) of all R-R-spacing (SD1), standard deviation (X) of all R-R-spacing (SD2).Consequently, the variability of HRV indexes in horses at different training stages was analyzed.【Result】 The race time in the post training period in 1 600 m speed test race of Yili horses was significantly lower than that in the early training period (P<0.05), and Mean RR, NN50 and pNN50 in the middle and post training periods were significantly lower than that in the early training period (P<0.05).Mean HR in the beginning of training was significantly lower than that in post training (P<0.05).VLF and LF in the end of training were significantly lower than that in the beginning of training (P<0.05).【Conclusion】 Under the conditions of this test, the HRV indexes of 1 600 m test race of Yili horses in different conditioning training stages were analyzed.The outcomes demonstrated that the types of neural activity in Yili horses at the beginning, middle and end of training presented some differences, showing changes of increased sympathetic excitability and decreased parasympathetic excitability, and the horses' athletic performance improved.Therefore, HRV could be considered as an effective tool to evaluate the training load and intensity of Yili horses during training. 相似文献
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WANG Xian-dong DENG Hai-feng LI Hai JIN Wei-xing ZHANG Hao MA Yu-hui CHEN Yong 《中国畜牧兽医》2015,42(5):1137-1144
In this paper, thirty Yili mares aged 11 to 12 years with weighing 410 kg ± 30 kg, parity of 4 to 5 in third lactation month were selected, and were randomly divided into six groups, each group with five repeats.Two factors quadratic regression orthogonal rotational combination design was adopted to evaluate the effects of feeding different dietary CP and DE to mares on growth development and blood biochemical parameters of foals.Daily DE and CP feeding levels of the 6 groups were 92 MJ/d and 1.20 kg/d, 125 MJ/d and 1.20 kg/d, 92 MJ/d and 1.55 kg/d, 107 MJ/d and 1.35 kg/d, 125 MJ/d and 1.44 kg/d, 115 MJ/d and 1.55 kg/d, respectively.The results showed that body weight, body height, chest circumference and cannon circumference of foals of four and five months were not significant affected by maternal protein and energy intake (P>0.05).As compared with ration contained high DE (125 MJ/d) and low CP (1.20 kg/d), feeding with ration contained moderate DE (107 MJ/d) and CP (1.35 kg/d) improved body length of foals of four and five months significantly (P<0.05).From the blood biochemical parameters, such as total protein, albumin, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, urea nitrogen, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, there were no significant differences among all groups (P>0.05).Mares fed with ration contained moderate DE (107 MJ/d) and CP (1.35 kg/d) obviously improved the aspartate aminotransferase and uric acid level.In summary, Yili mares during lactation late stage fed with 1.35 kg/d CP and 107 MJ/d DE daily could significantly improve body length development of foals, and foals nitrogen metabolism was altered by maternal dietary nutrition through increasing blood aspartate aminotransferase activity. 相似文献
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【目的】研究不同赛道维护方式对伊犁马步态特征、比赛成绩的影响,为伊犁马选种选育和赛道维护提供依据。【方法】以8匹伊犁马公马为研究对象,设计1 600 m途程比赛。用高速摄像机记录伊犁马在不同赛道维护方式下直道、弯道、终点的步态特征的视频素材,终点计时系统记录马匹比赛成绩,分析不同赛道维护方式下伊犁马各赛段步态特征、比赛成绩的差异性。【结果】直道阶段,前肢双支撑相、前位前蹄支撑相压实组极显著低于耙地组和普通组(P<0.01);步频压实组极显著高于耙地组和普通组(P<0.01),耙地组显著低于普通组(P<0.05);双支撑相步幅、总步幅、最大开张角度压实组极显著高于耙地组(P<0.01),显著高于普通组(P<0.05)。弯道阶段,后位后蹄支撑相、后肢间隔期、前位后蹄支撑相、后位前蹄支撑相、对角双支撑相、前肢间隔期、前肢双支撑相、前位前蹄支撑相压实组均极显著低于耙地组和普通组(P<0.01);腾空期、步频压实组极显著高于耙地组和普通组(P<0.01);腾空期步幅压实组显著高于普通组步幅(P<0.05);最大开张角度压实组显著高于耙地组和普通组(P<0.05)。终点阶段,后肢间隔期、前位后蹄支撑相、前肢双支撑相、前位前蹄支撑相压实组显著低于耙地组(P<0.05);步频压实组极显著高于耙地组(P<0.01),耙地组显著低于普通组(P<0.05);后肢步幅压实组显著高于普通组(P<0.05);双支撑相步幅压实组极显著高于耙地组(P<0.01),耙地组显著低于普通组(P<0.05);最大开张角度压实组显著高于耙地组和普通组(P<0.05)。【结论】压实组马匹步幅、步频较大,比赛成绩最好,赛道状况的差异会导致运动性能的差异。在选种选育,评价马匹运动性能过程中应考虑赛道状况,以提高个体选择准确性。 相似文献
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