| 春季施氮方式对小麦子粒灌浆的调控及其生理机制 |
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| 引用本文： | 邓若磊,张树华,郭程瑾,龙素霞,郭丽,肖凯.春季施氮方式对小麦子粒灌浆的调控及其生理机制[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2008,14(1):1-8. |
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| 作者姓名： | 邓若磊 张树华 郭程瑾 龙素霞 郭丽 肖凯 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.河北农业大学农学院,河北保定 071001; |
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| 基金项目： | 国家粮食丰产科技工程项目
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河北省自然科学基金 |
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| 摘 要： | 以河北平原区主栽品种石新733和石麦12为材料，研究了春季节水灌溉条件下，等氮量下春季不同追施方式对小麦子粒灌浆特性的影响及其生理机制。结果表明，在适宜追氮量条件下，与拔节初期一次施氮处理（SF）相比，拔节初期和挑旗期两次施氮（DF）使灌浆期间强、弱势子粒的玉米素（Z）+玉米素核苷（ZR）含量、体积、鲜重和干重增加，但以弱势花子粒的增加幅度较大。DF提高了灌浆期间植株上位叶的可溶蛋白含量、可溶性糖含量和叶绿素含量，增加了灌浆期间的单茎绿叶面积和叶／粒比值；使成熟期供试品种的千粒重、单株穗粒重和抗旱性强的品种石麦12 产量均显著增加，表明春季分次施氮具有改善小麦子粒灌浆和增产的作用。研究还表明，分次施氮增大子粒库容和改善子粒灌浆特性与氮素后移增加子粒的Z+ZR含量有关。植株光合和群体质量的改善是分次施氮下供试品种强弱势子粒，尤其是弱势子粒粒重增加的重要生理基础；施氮方式对不同抗旱性小麦品种光合特性和子粒灌浆的调控效应有所不同。
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| 关 键 词： | 小麦 施氮方式 子粒灌浆 生理机制 |
| 文章编号： | 1008-505X（2008）01-0001-08 |
| 收稿时间： | 2007-01-03 |
| 修稿时间： | 2007-04-27 |
Regulation effects of nitrogen application methods on wheat grain filling and corresponding physiological mechanisms |
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| DENG Ruo-lei,ZHANG Shu-hua,GUO Cheng-jin,LONG Su-xia,GUO Li,XIAO Kai.Regulation effects of nitrogen application methods on wheat grain filling and corresponding physiological mechanisms[J].Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science,2008,14(1):1-8. |
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| Authors: | DENG Ruo-lei ZHANG Shu-hua GUO Cheng-jin LONG Su-xia GUO Li XIAO Kai |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Agronomy,Agricultural University of Hebei,Baoding 071001,China; |
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| Abstract: | Using cultivar Shixin733(SX733) and Shimai12(SM12),the widely planting wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars in Hebei plain,as the experimental materials,the grain filling characteristics and their corresponding mechanism regulated by nitrogen application methods were studied.Compared to those in SF (one time application N at early-jointing stage),the zeatin(Z) zeatin riboside(ZR),volume,fresh weight and dry weight of superior-position kernels and inferior-position kernels in the tested cultivars were all increased in DF treatment(two-time application N at early-jointing stage and flag leaf expansion stage). But the inferior-position kernels increased much more than the superior-position kernels.Compared to SF,DF also increased soluble protein content,soluble sugar content and chlorophyll content of upper leaves,so were the leaf area per stem,and the ratio of leaf area per plant to grain number per spike.The 1000 -grain weight and kernel weight per spike at maturity,and the yield of Shimai 12,the cultivar with high ability of drought tolerance,were all significantly higher in DF than in SF.The results indicated that nitrogen application method with DF could improve the grain filling capacity and increase wheat yield in Hebei plain.It was suggested that the increase of Z ZR content in kernels was related to the enlargement of kernel volume and improvement of grain filling capacity in DF treatment.Therefore,the improvements of photosynthesis and population quality were important physiological bases for kernel development,especially inferior-kernels,to have relatively high kernel weight in DF.Meanwhile,nitrogen application methods in Hebei plain had different regulatory effects on photosynthesis and grain filling in the tested cultivars with different drought tolerances. |
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| Keywords: | wheat nitrogen application ways grain filling physiological mechanism |
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