| 国外森林土壤研究现状与趋向 |
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| 引用本文： | 张万儒.国外森林土壤研究现状与趋向[J].世界林业研究,1990,3(2):23-30. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张万儒 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国林科院林研所 |
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| 摘 要： | 本文就森林土壤分类、立地分类和质量评价、生态系统中养分和水分循环以及林木肥效与生物固氮等问题的研究进展作了简要介绍。
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| 关 键 词： | 森林土壤-综述 立地类型-质量评价 林地-施肥 森林生态系统 |
| 收稿时间： | 1990/2/28 0:00:00 |
Advance in Forest Soils Research |
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| By Zhang Wanru.Advance in Forest Soils Research[J].World Forestry Research,1990,3(2):23-30. |
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| Authors: | By Zhang Wanru |
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| Institution: | Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry |
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| Abstract: | This article brie fly discusses some important questions in forest soils research in recent years.(1)Classification of forest soils is a prerequisite for any ty pe of forest management. The primary goal of most classification systems in the past has been to accurately evaluate sites in terms of their potential volume production of wood; more recently, cl ass i fic- ation systems based on a variety of relevant site features, is to determine which factors have significant influence on growth processes. This has resulted in the development of a number of more advanced systems of evaluation, some of which approaches total site classification. (2) Forest site classification and forest site quality evaluation have been developing to some quantitative aspects. Methods for estimation of site quality include direct estimation of site index (site index curves, site index comparisons between species, growth intercept) and indirect estimation of site index (mensurational methods, plant indicators, physiographic site classification, synecological coordinates, soil-site evaluation, soil surveys). More recently,site index and soilsite evaluation become the most widely accepted methods for estimating site quality.(3)Nutrient cycling and hydrological cycle in forest ecosystems: tensiometers and neutron scattering are now widely accepted methods for measure merits of soil moisture i the importance of nutrient cycling are recognized in forestry, and nutrient cycling has been studied in varying degrees of detail for a number of forest ecosystem types in recent years. Ion exchanger and ion selective electrode are now widely accepted methods to determine nutrients in the forest soils.(4) Fertilization on forest lands and biological nitrogen fixat ion: e f fec-tive and economical use of fertilizers in forest land largely depends on an understanding of the properties of various fertilizer materials and their reactions in forest soils. Fixation of atmospheric nitrogen by microorganisms is probably the most important pathway for this element to enter the forest ecosystem. |
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