| 资源植物野生金荞麦的研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘光德,李名扬,祝钦泷,李艳冬,眭顺照.资源植物野生金荞麦的研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2006,22(10):380-380. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘光德 李名扬 祝钦泷 李艳冬 眭顺照 |
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| 作者单位： | 西南大学,重庆,400716 |
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| 基金项目： | 农业部农业野生植物保护财政资助项目;重庆市自然科学基金 |
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| 摘 要： | 中国地大物博，有30000多种高等植物，居北半球之首，其中资源植物十分丰富，也是天然药物主产国之一。自20世纪70年代以来，中国的资源植物研究尤其是药用植物的研究发展迅猛，近20年来，从天然产物中开发各种新药成为世界科学家研究的热点。中国是世界荞麦的起源中心，也是遗传多样性中心。野生金荞麦（Fagopyrum dibotrys）系蓼科荞麦属多年生草本植物，原产于中国西南，分布于陕西、江苏、浙江、江西、河南、湖北、湖南、广西、广东、四川、重庆及云南等省区，是一种营养丰富并具有重要药用价值的资源植物。野生金荞麦中蕴涵着丰富的优异基因，作为中国重要的传统中药材，金荞麦的块根活性提取物（植物次生代谢产物）具有显著的抗癌，抑制肿瘤细胞肺侵袭和转移，以及消炎抗菌等重要作用，是多种有效药物的主要成分之一。除此之外，由于其籽粒蛋白质的组分全，必需氨基酸含量高，富含维生素和微量元素，使其成为一种较理想的保健食品的选用成分。目前，由于人工栽培产量的限制，加之栽培品种在营养价值上、药用有效活性成分和效价上均低于野生品种，这就造成了对野生金荞麦资源的大量需求，从而对野生资源造成了极大的破坏。鉴于此，中国现已将其列为国家二级保护植物。国内外已经展开了资源收集、多样性、生理特性、育种、药效学以及生态环境等方面的研究，基于活性成分合成的功能基因的研究，国内外还未见报道，为了进一步开发野生金荞麦的利用价值，发掘其优异的功能基因，并保护其野生基因资源，综述了野生金荞麦在本草、原植物分类及分布、多样性、核形、化学及功能成分、药理药效、生态环境、栽培及组织培养方面研究的新进展，并从基础研究、组织培养、基因工程、抗癌机理研究、育种研究、保健品开发等方面作了展望。
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| 关 键 词： | 植酸酶 植酸酶 稳定化 体外消化 |
| 收稿时间： | 2006-07-25 |
| 修稿时间： | 2006-07-252006-07-29 |
The Research Advance on Resource Plant Fagopyrum dibotrys. |
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| Liu Guangde,Li Mingyang,Zhu Qinlong,Li Yandong,Shui Shunzhao.The Research Advance on Resource Plant Fagopyrum dibotrys.[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2006,22(10):380-380. |
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| Authors: | Liu Guangde Li Mingyang Zhu Qinlong Li Yandong Shui Shunzhao |
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| Institution: | Southwest University, Chongqing 400716 |
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| Abstract: | China is one of the major countries producing Natural Medicines with his more than 30,000 higher grade plants,which is the head of the Northern Hemisphere.Exploiture of new drugs from natural products attracted the scientists for their studies in recent 20 yeas.In China,the research of plant resources has had enormous progress since1970s.China is the world center of buckwheat-origin and genetic diversity.Fagopyrum dibotrys,one of perennial herbs of the genus Polygonaceae in the Fagopyrum Mill family,originates from southwest of china,and ranges from Shanxi,Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Jiangxi,Henan,Hunan,Hubei,Guangxi,Guangdong,Sichuan,Chongqing and Yunnan etc.It is an important resource plant with rich nutrition and medicinal utilization values,and contains a large number of excellent genes.As an important traditional Chinese Medicinal materials,the active extract of earthnut (secondary metabolites ) of Fagopyrum dibotrys is one of main constituent of many efficient drugs,and has prominent functions in anti-cancer,controlling tumour cell affecting and transferring to lung,and anti-inflammatony anti-bacteria and etc.Besides,because proteins of its seeds are complete,contents of necessary amino acid are high,and vitamin and microelement are rich,it becomes one of perfect health-care foods.At present,cultivated yield is restricted,and cultivated species are lower than wild type in nutrition value,efficient constituents for medicine and titer,which leads to requesting for Fagopyrum dibotrys largely,so that wild resource is destroyed greatly.Herein,it is ranked into the second degree of national protected plants.Domestically and abroad,resource collection,diversity,physiological characteristic,breeding,pharmacodynamics and ecology environment and other aspects are outspread.However,in the light of function genes research relating to active components of medicine has not been reported.In order to explore worth of Fagopyrum dibotrys further,and its excellent function genes,and protect wild resource,in this article,author summarizes new advance and prospect of Fagopyrum dibotrys in original plant classifying and distributing,diversity,nucleus shapes,chemical and functional components,pharmacology,ecology environment,breeding and tissue culture. |
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| Keywords: | Resource Plant Fagopyrum dibotrys Research Advance |
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