Lysimeter study with a cambic arenosol exposed to artificial acid rain: II. Input-output budgets and soil chemical properties |
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| Authors: | T A Sogn G Abrahamsen A O Stuanes |
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| Institution: | 1. Dept. of Soil Sciences, Agricultural University of Norway, NLH-?s, Norway
2. Norwegian Forest Research Institute, NLH-?s, Norway
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| Abstract: | The effects of artificial precipitation with different pH levels on soil chemical properties and element flux were studied in a lysimeter experiment. Cambic Arenosol (Typic Udipsamment) in monolith lysimeters was treated for 6 1/2 yr with 125 mm yr?1 artificial rain in addition to natural precipitation. Artificial acid rain was produced from groundwater with H2SO4 added. pH levels of 6.1, 4 and 3 were used. ‘Rain’ acidity was buffered, mainly due to cation exchange with Ca2+ and Mg2+, which were increasingly leached due to the acid input. The H+ retention was not accompanied by a similar increase in the output of Al ions, but a slight increase in the leaching of Al ions was observed in the most acidic treatment. The net flux of SO4 2? from the lysimeters increased with increasing input of H2SO4, but in the most acidified lysimeters significant sorption of SO4 2? was observed. The sorption was, however, most likely a concentration effect. The ‘long-term’ acidification effects on soil were mainly seen in the upper O and Ah-horizons, where an impoverishment of exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+ was observed. An increased proportion of Al ions on exchange sites in the organic layer was observed in the pH 3-treated soil. By means of budget calculations the annual release of base cations due to weathering was estimated to be between 33 and 77 mmolc m?2. |
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