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Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and Postantibiotic Effect of Amikacin for Equine Isolates of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus In Vitro |
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| Authors: | JOHN P CARON DVM MVSc Diplomate ACVS CAROLE A BOLIN DVM PhD JOSEPH G HAUPTMAN DVM MS Diplomate ACVS KIMBERLY A JOHNSTON VMD |
| Institution: | Departments of Large Animal Clinical Sciences;Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation;and Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI. |
| Abstract: | Objective— To report the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of amikacin sulfate for equine clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and characterize the initial kill and duration of the postantibiotic effect (PAE) for selected strains. Study Design— Experimental study. Methods— Isolates of MRSA (n=35) had their amikacin MIC determined using the E-test agar diffusion method. Two isolates with MICs>256 μg/mL limit were further characterized using broth macrodilution. Six distinct isolates with amikacin MICs of 32, 48, 128 (2 isolates) and 500 (2 isolates) μg/mL had PAE determinations made over a range of amikacin concentrations from 31.25–1000 μg/mL using standard culture-based techniques. Results— Median MIC of the 35 isolates was 32 μg/mL (range 2 to >256 μg/mL). Mean PAE of selected MRSA strains had an overall mean (all amikacin doses) of 3.43 hours (range 0.10–9.57 hours). PAE for MRSA exposed to amikacin at 1000 μg/mL was 6.18 hours (range 3.30–9.57 hours), significantly longer than that for all other concentrations ( P <.0001). There was no statistically significant effect of isolate MIC on PAE. Conclusions— Isolates had a wide range of MIC; however, growth of all 6 selected strains were inhibited within the range of concentrations tested, including 2 strains with MICs of 500 μg/mL. PAE duration was not influenced by the MIC of amikacin but was significantly longer with treatment at 1000 μg/mL than at lower concentrations. Clinical Relevance— Clinical isolates of MRSA are susceptible to amikacin at concentrations achieved by regional perfusion: however, the modest duration of PAE observed suggest that further laboratory and in vivo evaluation be conducted before recommending the technique for clinical use. |
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