Alfaxalone or ketamine‐medetomidine in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy: a comparison of intra‐operative parameters and post‐operative pain |
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| Authors: | Karin S Kalchofner Guerrero Iris M Reichler Andrea Schwarz Rahel S Jud Michael Hässig Regula Bettschart‐Wolfensberger |
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| Institution: | 1. Section Anaesthesiology, Equine Department, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, , Zurich, Switzerland;2. Small Animal Medicine and Surgery Academic Program, St. George's University, , Grenada, West Indies;3. Section of Small Animal Reproduction, Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, , Zurich, Switzerland;4. Department of Herd Health Management, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, , Zurich, Switzerland |
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| Abstract: | ObjectiveTo compare post-operative pain in cats after alfaxalone or ketamine- medetomidine anaesthesia for ovariohysterectomy (OHE) and physiologic parameters during and after surgery.Study designProspective ‘blinded’ randomized clinical study.AnimalsTwenty-one healthy cats.MethodsCats were assigned randomly into two groups: Group A, anaesthesia was induced and maintained with alfaxalone 5 mg kg?1 intravenously (IV) followed by boli (2 mg kg?1 IV); Group MK, induction with ketamine (5 mg kg?1 IV) after medetomidine (30 μg kg?1 intramuscularly (IM)], and maintenance with ketamine (2 mg kg?1 IV). Meloxicam (0.2 mg kg?1 IV) was administered after surgery. Basic physiological data were collected. At time T = -2, 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 hours post-operatively pain was assessed by three methods, a composite pain scale (CPS; 0–24 points), a visual analogue scale (VAS 0–100 mm), and a mechanical wound threshold (MWT) device. Butorphanol (0.2 mg kg?1 IM) was administered if CPS was scored =13. Data were analyzed using a general linear model, Kruskal–Wallis analyses, Bonferroni-Dunn test, unpaired t-test and Fisher's exact test as relevant. Significance was set at p < 0.05.ResultsVASs were significantly higher at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 20 hours in group A; MWT values were significantly higher at 8 and 12 hours in group MK. Post-operative MWT decreased significantly compared to baseline in both groups. There was no difference in CPS at any time point. Five cats required rescue analgesia (four in A; one in MK).Conclusion and clinical relevanceAnaesthesia with ketamine-medetomidine was found to provide better post-surgical analgesia than alfaxalone in cats undergoing OHE; however, primary hyperalgesia developed in both groups. Alfaxalone is suitable for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia in cats undergoing OHE, but administration of additional sedative and analgesic drugs is highly recommended. |
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| Keywords: | alfaxalone cat ketamine medetomidine ovariohysterectomy post‐operative analgesia |
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