| 前季施肥对玉-稻轮作养分吸收及土壤养分表观平衡的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 袁国印,何俊欧,展茗.前季施肥对玉-稻轮作养分吸收及土壤养分表观平衡的影响[J].中国农学通报,2018,34(7):1-7. |
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| 作者姓名： | 袁国印 何俊欧 展茗 |
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| 作者单位： | 华中农业大学植物科学技术学院,华中农业大学植物科学技术学院,华中农业大学植物科学技术学院 |
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| 基金项目： | 公益性行业（农业）科研专项经费项目和国家重点研发计划 |
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| 摘 要： | 玉米-晚稻水旱轮作是近年长江中游发展的新型种植模式，研究前季玉米施肥后养分周年动态及对后季晚稻的影响，对该模式周年合理施肥具有借鉴意义。本研究以玉米免耕复种晚稻为对象，设置了3个施肥处理，包括两季作物均不施肥(MR0)、玉米施肥晚稻不施肥(MR1)、两季作物均常规施肥(MR2)。与MR0处理相比，玉米收获时MR1、MR2土壤速效氮显著降低，速效磷含量显著升高，而速效钾含量没有显著变化。从周年土壤养分表观平衡看，三处理氮、钾均表现为显著亏损；而土壤磷素表现为MR2处理表观盈余，MR1处理表观平衡，MR0处理则明显亏缺。由于土壤氮、钾供应的限制，使得MR1晚稻干物质积累及产量与MR0差异不显著，且显著低于MR2处理。可见，玉-稻轮作下氮、钾肥要在作物当季施用，磷肥可考虑在玉米季多施，晚稻季则减少或不施用磷肥。
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| 关 键 词： | 红椿 红椿 半同胞家系 光合特性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017/3/6 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2017/5/11 0:00:00 |
Fertilization in Maize Season: Effects on Nutrient Uptake and Soil Nutrient Apparent Balance in Maize-rice Rotation System |
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| Abstract: | The maize-late rice rotation is a recently developed cropping system in the middle reaches of Yangtze river. It is important to study the seasonal dynamics of soil nutrient after fertilization in maize season and their effect on late rice growth for optimization of fertilization strategy in maize-rice system. This paper studied the no-till system of maize-rice rotation with three fertilization treatments, including no fertilizer application in the two crop seasons (MR0), conventional fertilization in maize season and no fertilization in rice season (MR1), conventional fertilization in both crop seasons (MR2). In comparison with MR0 treatment, soil available nitrogen in MR1 and MR2 plots was significantly decreased, while the soil available phosphorus content was significantly increased, and the content of available potassium in the soil was not significantly changed at the harvest of maize. The annual apparent balance of soil N and K in maize-rice system showed in the status of deficiency. However, the soil P was in the apparent surplus under MR2 treatment, the apparent equilibrium under MR1, and the obvious deficit in MR0 plots. Possibly due to deficiency in soil available nitrogen and potassium, dry matter accumulation and yield of rice under MR1 treatment were not significantly higher than those under MR0 treatment, while significantly lower than those of MR2 treatment. Accordingly, the nitrogen and potassium fertilizer should be applied in each crop season, while, more phosphorus fertilizer could be considered to apply in maize season, and less or no P fertilizer was applied in the rice season. |
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| Keywords: | maize-rice rotation yield nutrient uptake apparent balance of soil nutrients nutrient use efficiency |
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