| 铬胁迫对葎草雌雄植株光合生理特性的不同影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 王碧霞,肖娟,冯旭,甘丽芬,唐娅.铬胁迫对葎草雌雄植株光合生理特性的不同影响[J].草业学报,2016,25(7):131-139. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王碧霞 肖娟 冯旭 甘丽芬 唐娅 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.西华师范大学环境科学与工程学院,四川省环境科学与生物多样性保护重点实验室,四川 南充 637009；
2.西华师范大学生命科学学院,西南野生动植物资源保护教育部重点实验室,四川 南充 637009；
3.西华师范大学研究生学院,四川 南充 637009 |
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| 基金项目： | 四川省教育厅项目(12ZB142)，西华师范大学科研创新团队资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 采用盆栽法研究不同铬浓度(Cr3+)(分别为0,50,200,300 mg/kg)下葎草雌雄植株气体交换及光合生理特性的不同影响。结果表明,1)对照处理下,雌株的净光合速率(Pn)、叶绿素荧光参数、根鲜重和主茎长比雄株高,叶绿素含量和丙二醛含量比雄株低。2)50 mg/kg时雌雄植株的Pn显著升高,除叶绿素荧光参数有显著减少之外,雄株其余各项指标显著增加,而雌株则与对照相近。200 mg/kg时雌雄植株的Pn与对照相近,MDA含量没有差异,但根鲜重和叶绿素荧光参数却显著降低,且雄株的叶绿素含量和主茎长也明显减少,而雌株却没有变化。300 mg/kg时雌雄植株的Pn和根鲜重显著降低,雄株各项指标的下降比雌株更显著,雌株则通过提高根鲜重、主茎长、蒸腾速率(Tr)和瞬时水分利用效率(WUEi),并调整光系统Ⅱ反应中心,增强修复能力,以利于有效缓解光合机构的损伤。3)从总体上来看,随Cr3+胁迫的加剧,雌雄植株的净光合速率呈现出先升后降,主茎长、根鲜重和叶绿素荧光参数则呈下降趋势,而MDA含量和表观光合电子传递速率(ETR)呈上升趋势;但雄株的叶绿素含量随着Cr3+浓度的增加而逐渐下降,而雌株在不同浓度的铬胁迫下叶绿素含量和光系统Ⅱ反应中心的变化却没有明显规律。因此,适量的铬有利于葎草雌雄植株的生长,显著提高净光合速率,但过高浓度的铬胁迫对雌雄植株具有明显的抑制作用,显著降低光合速率,在逆境胁迫下二者均表现出明显的自我保护的抗逆生理响应机制,尤其是雌株具有更灵活的响应策略以及更强的适应性和耐受性。
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| 关 键 词： | 葎草 铬胁迫 雌雄植株 光合生理特性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015-09-14 |
| 修稿时间： | 2015-11-23 |
Effects of Chromium stress on physiological and ecophysiological characteristics of male and female plants of Humulus scandens |
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| WANG Bi-Xia,XIAO Juan,FENG Xu,GAN Li-Fen,TANG Ya.Effects of Chromium stress on physiological and ecophysiological characteristics of male and female plants of Humulus scandens[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2016,25(7):131-139. |
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| Authors: | WANG Bi-Xia XIAO Juan FENG Xu GAN Li-Fen TANG Ya |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Biodiversity Conservation, Nanchong 637009, China;
2.College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, Nanchong 637009, China;
3.College of Postgraduates, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China |
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| Abstract: | This paper studied the differences of sex-specific and photophysiological characteristics of male and female plants of Humulus scandens exposed to chromium (0, 50, 200 and 300 mg Cr3+/kg soil). The results showed: 1) the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, root fresh weight and stem length were greater in the females than males for the plants grown under 0 mg/kg (control), but the chlorophyll and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were lower for females than for the males. 2) Compared with control plants, Pn was significantly increased in the 50 mg/kg Cr3+ treatment for both male and female plants, but chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were significantly decreased by Cr3+ in male plants and the value of other photophysiological indexes and plant growth were slightly increased by Cr3+, while Cr3+ had no effect on the value of photophysiological indexes and growth of female plants. The value of Pn and the MDA concentration were similar to those of control plants in 200 mg/kg Cr3+ treatment, but the root fresh weight and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were significantly lower than for control plants. However, the 300 mg/kg Cr3+ treatment significantly inhibited both of the male and female plants, and in this treatment Pn was significantly decreased (especially in male plants; females demonstrated enhanced ability to repair damage) compared to control plants, and all of the above-mentioned indexes and parameters were also significantly lower than control plants. 3) Overall, Pn of male and female plants first increased and then decreased with Cr3+ exposure time, while stem length, root fresh weight and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were directly decreased, and MDA content and the apparent electron transport rate (ETR) were promoted. However, the chlorophyll content of males decreased with increasing Cr3+ concentration, but there was no significant decrease in chlorophyll content and photosystem II reaction centers for the female plants. In summary, Pn was increased by low Cr3+ concentration and inhibited by higher Cr3+ both in male and female plants. The plants demonstrated self-protective physiological response mechanisms. This was especially true for the female plants, which have a more flexible response strategy with higher tolerance capacity. |
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| Keywords: | Humulus scandens chromium stress dioecious photosynthetic characteristics |
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