| 不同土壤钾素淋溶特性的初步研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 董艳红,王火焰,周健民,任正文.不同土壤钾素淋溶特性的初步研究[J].土壤,2014,46(2):225-231. |
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| 作者姓名： | 董艳红 王火焰 周健民 任正文 |
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| 作者单位： | 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所) |
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| 基金项目： | 公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201203013)、国际植物营养研究所(IPNI)和国际钾肥研究所(IPI)项目资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 通过室内土柱淋溶试验,研究降雨情况下不同土壤钾素的淋溶特性及其与土壤性质的关系,结果表明:未施钾的自然土壤,在降雨量较小时(87 mm),决定钾素淋溶状况的主要土壤因子是土壤质地,质地越轻,K+淋溶量越大;降雨量较大时(435 mm),决定钾素淋溶状况的主要因子则为速效钾,田间速效钾含量愈大,淋溶风险愈大。外源钾施入土壤后,在降雨量较小时(87 mm),钾素淋溶状况主要受土壤粉粒和缓效钾的影响,粉粒含量和缓效钾越大,淋溶量越小;降雨量较大时(435 mm),钾素淋溶状况主要受全钾和缓效钾的影响,其值越大淋溶量越小。在降雨量充足、田间排水不畅的情况下,短时间内(2 h)土壤钾肥表观淋出率仅与粉粒含量呈显著负相关关系,土壤的质地是影响钾淋溶主要因子;长时间(24 h)淋溶后钾肥表观淋出率则与土壤pH、粉粒、全钾、缓效钾和长石含量均呈显著负相关关系,其中全钾和粉粒的影响作用最大。
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| 关 键 词： | 钾淋溶 降雨 土壤性质 质地 |
Preliminary Study on Potassium Leaching Characteristics of Different Soils |
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| DONG Yan-hong,WANG Huo-yan,ZHOU Jian-min,REN Zheng-wen.Preliminary Study on Potassium Leaching Characteristics of Different Soils[J].Soils,2014,46(2):225-231. |
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| Authors: | DONG Yan-hong WANG Huo-yan ZHOU Jian-min REN Zheng-wen |
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| Institution: | State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture (Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences) |
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| Abstract: | A soil leaching column experiment was conducted to investigate K leaching from various soils and to reveal the relationship between K leaching and soil properties. The results showed that under the light rain (87 mm), the soil texture was the main factor in determining K leaching for the soils without application of K fertilizer. The lighter the soil texture, the greater the amount of the K leached. While under the heavy rain (435 mm), soil available K was the main factor in determining how much K could be released from the unfertilized soils. When 200 mg/kg K was applied to the soils, both the content of silt fraction and slowly available K (SAK) were the main factors influencing K leaching under the light rain (87 mm). As the content of soil silt or the SAK increased, the K leaching from the soil decreased. But soil total K and SAK were the main factors in determining K leaching under the heavy rain (435 mm). When the rain fall was very higher, the apparent K fertilizer leaching ratio (AKLR) within 2 h was negatively correlated to content of soil silt. However, AKLR within 24 h was negatively correlated to pH, silt, total K, SAK and feldspar content in soils, and the silt and total K content were more closely related to AKLR than other factors. |
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| Keywords: | K leaching Rainfall Soil properties Soil texture |
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