| "绿色"引领下东北地区秸秆产业发展长效机制解析 |
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| 引用本文： | 丛宏斌,孟海波,于佳动,叶炳南,姚宗路,冯晶,于炳驰,秦超,霍丽丽,袁艳文,代敏怡,李丽洁,沈玉君,赵立欣."绿色"引领下东北地区秸秆产业发展长效机制解析[J].农业工程学报,2021,37(13):314-321. |
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| 作者姓名： | 丛宏斌 孟海波 于佳动 叶炳南 姚宗路 冯晶 于炳驰 秦超 霍丽丽 袁艳文 代敏怡 李丽洁 沈玉君 赵立欣 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 农业农村部规划设计研究院 农业农村部农业废弃物能源化利用重点实验室,北京 100125;;2. 中国农业科学院 农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京 100000;;1. 农业农村部规划设计研究院 农业农村部农业废弃物能源化利用重点实验室,北京 100125;3.黑龙江八一农垦大学 能源与动力工程学院,大庆 163000 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划（2019YFD1100501） |
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| 摘 要： | 东北地区秸秆产出总量大、积温低,是中国秸秆综合利用的重点和难点区域,推进东北地区秸秆综合利用对于保护黑土地、促进农业绿色发展具有重要意义。该研究在总结农业绿色发展内涵的基础上,结合东北地区秸秆利用现状、主要问题和发展需求,分析了"绿色"引领下秸秆产业发展的总体思路。通过文献调研,研究了以美国等为主的直接还田肥料化利用方式、以韩国等为主的种养结合饲料化利用方式,以丹麦等为主的发电供热能源化利用方式,结合东北地区秸秆利用主要成效与典型做法,阐释了"绿色"引领下东北地区秸秆产业发展长效机制的构成要素及其内在关联,绘制了秸秆产业发展长效机制框架图,并从技术装备研发、法规政策创设、市场主体培育、公共服务与市场监管等方面进行了解析。提出了基于产业发展长效机制的全要素、多维度秸秆利用模式构建原理,并示例说明了利用模式构造基本过程与方法。该研究可为推动东北地区秸秆高质高效利用提供基础支撑和决策参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 秸秆 产业 长效机制 东北地区 模式 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021/1/30 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021/5/18 0:00:00 |
Analysis of long-term mechanism for development of straw industry in northeast China under guidance of "Green-concept" |
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| Cong Hongbin,Meng Haibo,Yu Jiadong,Ye bingnan,Yao Zonglu,Feng Jing,Yu Bingchi,Qin Chao,Huo Lili,Yuan Yanwen,Dai Minyi,Li Lijie,Shen Yujun,Zhao Lixin.Analysis of long-term mechanism for development of straw industry in northeast China under guidance of "Green-concept"[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2021,37(13):314-321. |
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| Authors: | Cong Hongbin Meng Haibo Yu Jiadong Ye bingnan Yao Zonglu Feng Jing Yu Bingchi Qin Chao Huo Lili Yuan Yanwen Dai Minyi Li Lijie Shen Yujun Zhao Lixin |
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| Institution: | 1. Center of Energy and Environmental Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering Key Laboratory of Energy Resource Utilization from Agriculture Residue, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100125, China;;2. Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture CAAS, Beijing 100000, China;;1. Center of Energy and Environmental Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering Key Laboratory of Energy Resource Utilization from Agriculture Residue, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100125, China; 3. Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163000, China |
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| Abstract: | Straw resource has exceeded 190 million tons in Northeast China, accounting for more than 1/5 of the national total. Northeast China is the main grain-producing area, including Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, and East Inner Mongolia (Chifeng, Tongliao, Hulunbeier, and Xing''an League). The high-yield black soil in this region has also encountered an overdraft of land fertility in recent years. Many efforts have been made to enhance the utilization capacity and returning level of straw, in order to speed up the recycling of straw, while protecting the black land in the important corn production area, one of "the golden corn belt". Green development can be a trade-off between the ecological environment and resource bearing capacity, where environmental protection is taken as an important pillar to achieve sustainable development. In the treatment of straw resources, burning straw in the open air would pollute the atmosphere to cause fire risks and traffic hazards, whereas, random stacking after collection would pose the risk of water pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to take effective measures to protect the black soil, while improving the comprehensive utilization and benefits of straw and rationally tailoring the priority sequence of fertilizer, feed, fuel, base and raw material. This study aims to explore the long-term mechanism for the high quality and efficient development of the straw industry, according to the general requirements of green and sustainable agriculture. The connotation of green development was first summarized to combine the present situation, while some suggestions and developmental needs of straw utilization were proposed during this time. Correspondingly, the general idea was also given for the straw industry development under the guidance of the "Green" concept. It was found that the direct returning straw to fields for fertilizers was mainly distributed in the United States, the combined planting with breeding for feed utilization was mainly in South Korea, and the generating power and heat for energy utilization was mainly in Denmark. Subsequently, the main achievements were combined with the typical practices of straw utilization in Northeast China. A long-term development framework of the straw industry was also constructed under the guidance of the "Green" concept, from the perspectives of technical equipment, regulations, cultivation of market subjects, public service, and market supervision. Finally, the straw utilization mode using a long-term mechanism was carried out in villages and towns communities using the pyrolysis co-production technology, as illustrated by examples. This finding can provide potential decision-making support to promote high quality and efficient utilization of straw in Northeast China. |
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| Keywords: | straw utilization long-term mechanism mode |
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