| 水田灌排一体化系统的开发与应用 |
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| 引用本文： | 金秋,徐姗姗,夏美玲.水田灌排一体化系统的开发与应用[J].排灌机械工程学报,2015,33(6):526-530. |
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| 作者姓名： | 金秋 徐姗姗 夏美玲 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.江苏省水利科学研究院, 江苏 南京 210017; 2.南京市水利局, 江苏 南京 210036 |
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| 摘 要： | 分析国内外农业灌溉和排水领域发展的研究现状和目前常见的灌排装置的特点,针对中国灌溉排水研究领域对节水灌溉、控制排水设施的迫切需求,提出了水田灌排一体化系统的设计方案.该系统能根据农作物不同时期对水位的需求,充分利用灌溉和降雨的水量,较为精确地控制水田的灌溉和排水水位,解决了原有灌排设备无法同时实现灌溉和排水自动控制的难题.实际应用结果表明,水田灌排一体化系统试验区和对照区相比,降雨量增加利用150 mm,降雨利用率提高21%,减少灌水量21%;水稻亩产量增加4.3%;提高肥料的利用效率,减少农业面源污染.该系统结构简单、操作方便,具有可观的经济、生态效益和广阔的应用前景.
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| 关 键 词： | 灌排设备 节水灌溉 控制排水 地下暗灌 面源污染 |
| 收稿时间： | 2014-08-12 |
Development and application of irrigation and drainage equipment system |
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| Jin Qiu,Xu Shanshan,Xia Meiling.Development and application of irrigation and drainage equipment system[J].Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering,2015,33(6):526-530. |
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| Authors: | Jin Qiu Xu Shanshan Xia Meiling |
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| Institution: | 1.Jiangsu Water Conservancy Research Institute, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210017, China; 2. Water Resources Bureau of Nanjing City, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China |
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| Abstract: | The research status of the field of agricultural irrigation and drainage at home and abroad, and the features of current common irrigation and drainage device were analyzed. To meet with the urgent needs of water-saving irrigation and controlled drainage equipment in China, the integration of irrigation and drainage equipment system was proposed. This system, which depended on the demand for water table of crops in different periods, made good use of rainfall and irrigation, accurately controlled water table of irrigation and drainage for paddy fields, and solved the problem that current irrigation and drainage equipment could not simultaneously achieve automatic control of irrigation and drainage. The results show that test area for paddy field integration of irrigation and drainage system increased 150 mm use of rainfall, rainfall utilization ratio increased by 21%, irrigation rate decreased by 21% and rice yield increased by 4.3% per mu compared to the control area. The system could improve the fertilizer utilization ratio and decrease agricultural non-point source pollution. So it is convihcible that the system can bring considerable economic, ecological benefits and wide applications. |
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| Keywords: | irrigation and drainage equipment water-saving irrigation controlled drainage subirrigation non-point source pollution |
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