| 不同行距配置对无膜棉成铃分布及产量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘锦涛,郭子轩,曹娟,李志鹏,万素梅,李亚兵,翟云龙,毛廷勇.不同行距配置对无膜棉成铃分布及产量的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2022,59(5):1041-1050. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘锦涛 郭子轩 曹娟 李志鹏 万素梅 李亚兵 翟云龙 毛廷勇 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.塔里木大学农学院,新疆阿拉尔 8433002.中国农业科学院棉花研究所,河南安阳 455000 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划(2020YFD1001005);新疆生产建设兵团科技攻关项目(2019DB010);塔里木大学校长基金(TDZKJS202001) |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】无地膜覆盖栽培下,研究不同行距配置对棉花生殖器官发生、产量以及棉铃空间分布的影响,为新疆南疆无膜棉筛选合理的栽培行距配置提供依据。【方法】以中619号、新陆中82号为材料,以幅宽2.28 m为标准,设1幅3行(76 cm+76 cm)、1幅4行(76 cm+10 cm+76 cm)、1幅6行(10 cm+66 cm+10 cm+66 cm+10 cm)3种种植模式,采用棉花数据采集系统进行花铃期株式图普查,研究不同行距配置下不同品种无膜棉成铃空间分布与着生概率。【结果】棉花各果枝果节处整体生殖器官发生概率在1幅4行模式下最高;中619品种与新陆中82号品种在1幅3行栽培模式下生理生殖表现在同一水平。1幅4行中619品种单株结铃数12.8个,单铃皮棉重2.608 g,产量(6 259.8 kg/hm2)与同品种1幅6行(6 748.3 kg/hm2)无显著差异。伏桃到秋桃时期,棉铃整体空间分布横向先增加后降低。随着棉花行数的增加,水平位置上,棉花成铃分布由向外延伸变为向内侧集中,棉花结铃空间分布出现“下空性”;垂直方向上,棉花凋零由发生脱落的果枝向棉株中部果枝第2果节处转移,棉花现蕾开花数减少。【结论】在新疆南疆棉花常规种植行距配置下,中619品种1幅4行结铃数多,脱落率低,产量稳定,指标优于新陆中82号,综合表现最佳。
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| 关 键 词： | 无膜棉 行距配置 棉铃分布 产量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-10-03 |
Effects of Different Row Spacing on Boll Formation and Yield and Quality of Mulching Cotton |
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| LIU Jintao,GUO Zixuan,CAO Juan,LI Zhipeng,WAN Sumei,LI Yabing,ZHAI Yunlong,MAO Tingyong.Effects of Different Row Spacing on Boll Formation and Yield and Quality of Mulching Cotton[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,2022,59(5):1041-1050. |
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| Authors: | LIU Jintao GUO Zixuan CAO Juan LI Zhipeng WAN Sumei LI Yabing ZHAI Yunlong MAO Tingyong |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Agronomy, Tarim University, Aral Xinjiang 843300, China2. Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang Henan 455000, China |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】 To study the effects of different row spacing on the occurrence of reproductive organs, yield and spatial distribution of cotton bolls under the cultivation technique without plastic film mulching in the hope of providing the basis for screening the reasonable row spacing arrangement of plastic-free cotton in southern Xinjiang. 【Method】 In this study, Zhong 619 and Xinluzhong 82 were used as experimental materials, and the width of 2.28 m was taken as the standard. One picture with three lines (76 cm+76 cm), four lines (76 cm+10 cm+76 cm) and six lines (10 cm+66 cm+10 cm+66 cm+10 cm) were set up. 【Result】 The occurrence probability of the whole reproductive organs at each fruit branch and node of cotton was the highest under the pattern of one picture with four lines. The physiological reproduction of Zhong 619 and Xin 82 were at the same level under a three-row cultivation mode. There were 12.8 bolls per plant and 2.608 g lint per boll in a four-row plot, and the yield (6,259.8 kg/hm2) was not significantly different from that in a six-row plot (6,748.3 kg/hm2) of the same variety. From bolling to autumn peach period, the overall spatial distribution of cotton bolls increased at first and then decreased. With the increase of cotton rows, the distribution of cotton bolls changed from outward extension to inward concentration in horizontal position, and the spatial distribution of cotton bolls appeared "lower void". In the vertical direction, cotton withering shifted from the fallen fruit branch to the second fruit node of the middle fruit branch of cotton plant, and the number of budding and flowering of cotton decreased. 【Conclusion】 Under the conventional planting row spacing configuration of cotton in southern Xinjiang, Zhong 619 has more bolls in four rows per picture, lower shedding rate and stable yield, and its index is superior to Xinluzhong 82, which shows the best comprehensive performance. |
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| Keywords: | membraneless cotton line spacing configuration bolls distribution yield |
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