| 甘薯秧蔓收获机专用割台设计与试验 |
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| 引用本文： | 周子涵,尚书旗,王东伟,何晓宁,谭营,董成.甘薯秧蔓收获机专用割台设计与试验[J].中国农机化学报,2022,43(12):26. |
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| 作者姓名： | 周子涵 尚书旗 王东伟 何晓宁 谭营 董成 |
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| 作者单位： | 青岛农业大学，山东青岛，266000 |
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| 基金项目： | 2021年度山东省重点研发计划(LJNY202104) |
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| 摘 要： | 针对甘薯分段收获技术需求，结合国内外甘薯收获技术及装备，提出一种甘薯秧蔓收获方式，并设计甘薯秧蔓收获机专用割台。该甘薯秧蔓收获割台主要由拨禾切割装置和防堵防缠输送装置组成，可以实现甘薯秧蔓的切—送—归集。首先，理论分析该割台的关键部件结构参数及传动配置关系，确定拨禾切割装置上仿垄型排列的割刀和弹齿的安装高度和安装密度，以及拨禾轮、割刀和弹齿的结构参数。其次，通过对拨禾切割装置、捡拾装置和螺旋输送装置进行运动学和力学分析，明确拨禾轮、捡拾器、螺旋输送绞龙转速和结构决定秧蔓切割效果和收获质量，并确定捡拾器和螺旋输送绞龙的关键结构参数，最后进行田间试验验证该机具的切—送—归集收获效果。结果表明：当整机前进速度为0.6 m/s，拨禾轮转速为46 r/min，捡拾器转速为43 r/min，割台损失率仅为1.3%，整机作业效率为0.45 hm2/h。割台搭配48 kW拖拉机在工作过程中运行稳定，割台在工作过程中无堵塞、无缠绕，满足甘薯秧蔓联合收获机的设计需求
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| 关 键 词： | 甘薯秧蔓收获机 仿垄型排列 拨禾轮 无缠绕 |
Design and test of special header for sweet potato vine harvester |
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| Abstract: | According to the demand of sweet potato segmented harvesting technology, combined with domestic and foreign sweet potato harvesting technology and equipment, a sweet potato vine harvesting method was proposed, and a special header for sweet potato vine harvester was designed. The sweet potato vine harvesting cutting platform was mainly composed of a cutting device and a blocking and anti entangling conveying device, which could realize the cutting, sending and gathering of sweet potato vine. Firstly, the structure parameters and transmission configuration relationship of the key components of the header were analyzed theoretically, and the installation height and density of the cutter and spring teeth arranged in a ridge like manner, as well as the structure parameters of the reel, cutter and spring teeth were determined. Secondly, through the kinematic and mechanical analysis of the reel cutting device, the pickup device and the screw conveyor, it was clear that the rotation speed and structure of the reel, the pickup and the screw conveyor determined the cutting effect and harvesting quality of the vine, and the key structural parameters of the pickup and the screw conveyor were determined. Finally, a field experiment was carried out to verify the cutting feeding gathering harvesting effect of the machine. The field test results showed that when the whole machine forward speed was 0.6 m/s, the reel speed was 46 r/min, and the pickup speed was 43 r/min, the header loss rate was only 1.3%, and the whole machine operation efficiency was 0.45 hm2/h. The header with 48 kW tractor runs stably in the working process, and the header has no blockage and winding in the working process, which meets the design requirements of sweet potato vine combine harvester. |
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| Keywords: | sweet potato vine harvester ridge like arrangement reel no entanglement |
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