| 高压电场预处理杂粮种子对生长势及产量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 武翠卿,孙静鑫,武新慧,王璨,赵宇航.高压电场预处理杂粮种子对生长势及产量的影响[J].中国农机化学报,2022,43(8):75. |
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| 作者姓名： | 武翠卿 孙静鑫 武新慧 王璨 赵宇航 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 山西农业大学农业工程学院，山西太谷，030801； 2. 运城学院机电工程系，山西运城，044000 |
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| 基金项目： | 山西省应用基础研究计划项目（201901D111219）；山西农业大学创新项目(2021BQ87） |
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| 摘 要： | 杂粮具有营养丰富、医食兼备、保健食疗等功效，因此提高杂粮产量和品质对农业产业结构调整及农民收入具有重要意义。结合提高杂粮产量和品质的应用背景，研究高压静电场（HVEF）和高压脉冲电场（HPEF）预处理杂粮种子对谷子、荞麦、高粱三种杂粮作物生长势及产量的影响，优化的HVEF预处理工作参数为（10 kV、15 kV、20 kV，处理时间为30 min），HPEF预处理参数为（脉冲个数30个、50个、70个；脉冲时间30 μs、50 μs、70 μs；场强500 V、1 000 V、1 500 V），测试拔节期、灌浆期的株高、茎粗和叶绿素含量，收获期三种杂粮籽粒的千粒质量及产量。结果表明：经HVEF预处理后，谷子、荞麦及高粱的千粒质量及产量都有增加；HPEF预处理下，在0.05水平上，电场强度、脉冲个数、脉冲时间三因素对谷子、荞麦及高粱的产量有极显著性影响（P<0.000 1）；三因素对高粱拔节期的株高、灌浆期的叶绿素含量也有极显著影响（P<0000 1）；三因素对谷子拔节期和灌浆期的株高有显著性影响（P<0.05）；而电场强度、脉冲个数、脉冲时间对谷子、荞麦及高粱的其他光合作用参数和千粒质量无显著性影响；谷子、荞麦及高粱的产量分别随高压脉冲电场强度、脉冲个数、脉冲时间的增多而提高。研究结果可为电场技术在杂粮种植生产中的应用提供依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 高压电场 杂粮种子 生长势 产量 |
Effects of high voltage electric field pretreatment on growth potential and yield of miscellaneous grain seeds |
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| Abstract: | Depending on the special feature of higher nutrition and medical value of miscellaneous grains, the related research has important significance in increasing farmers income, promoting the adjustment of agricultural industry structure and the development of agricultural economy. Based on the application background of improving grain yield and quality, the effects of high voltage electrostatic field (HVEF) and high pulsed electric field (HPEF) pretreatment on the growth and yield of millet, buckwheat and sorghum crops was discussed. The HVEF pretreatment parameters were: field strength of 10 kV, 15 kV, 20 kV, and the processing time of 30 min. And, the HPEF pretreatment were: pulse number of 30 , 50, 70， pulse time of 30 μs, 50 μs, 70 μs， and field strength of 500 V, 1 000 V, 1 500 V. The plant height, stem diameter and chlorophyll content in the jointing period and filling period, and the 1 000 grain weight and yield of the three miscellaneous grains during the harvest period were tested. The results show that: the 1 000 grain weight and yield of millet, buckwheat and sorghum was increased after HVEF pretreatment. There is significant effect (P<0.000 1) of the HPEF pretreatment parameters on the yield of millet, buckwheat and sorghum. It also has significant effect (P<0.000 1) on plant height of sorghum in jointing period and chlorophyll content in filling period. the HPEF pretreatment parameters have significant effects (P<0.05) on plant height during jointing period and filling period of millet. However, there is no significant effect of the HPEF pretreatment parameters on other photosynthesis parameters and 1 000 grain weight of millet, buckwheat and sorghum. The yield of millet, buckwheat and sorghum increased with increase of high voltage pulse electric field strength, pulse number and pulse time, respectively. The results can provide a basis for the application of electric field technology in miscellaneous grain planting and production. |
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| Keywords: | high electrostatic field miscellaneous grain seeds growth potential yield |
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