| 凹板式山地剥麻机设计与试验 |
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| 引用本文： | 颜波,马兰,刘佳杰,向伟,胡垚,吕江南.凹板式山地剥麻机设计与试验[J].中国农机化学报,2022,43(9):17. |
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| 作者姓名： | 颜波 马兰 刘佳杰 向伟 胡垚 吕江南 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所，长沙市，410205 |
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| 基金项目： | 财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系专项（CARS—16—E21）；中国农业科学院科技创新工程（CAAS—ASTIP—21—IBFC07）；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项（1610242021002） |
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| 摘 要： | 针对苎麻剥麻机山区搬运困难的问题，采用整机动力部分与剥麻部分可快速拆卸组装的方式，设计一款轻便小巧的单滚筒反拉式剥麻机。首先，通过对纤维剥制过程进行受力分析，确定剥麻机的喂料斗倾角为30°；然后，对剥麻滚筒的结构进行设计与理论分析，确定影响剥麻质量的关键因素以及作业参数范围。最后，以滚筒转速、凹板圆心角和剥麻间隙为影响因素，鲜茎出麻率和原麻含杂率为评价指标，利用响应曲面方法进行优化试验设计。试验结果表明：影响鲜茎出麻率的因素主次顺序为剥麻间隙、凹板圆心角、滚筒转速，影响纤维含杂率的因素主次顺序为剥麻间隙、滚筒转速、凹板圆心角；剥麻机最佳工作参数组合是滚筒转速为956 r/min、凹板圆心角为38°及剥麻间隙为2 mm。基于优化参数进行苎麻剥麻的生产验证试验，试验结果为鲜茎出麻率为4.48%，纤维含杂率为1.03%，各指标与模型预测值的相对误差均小于5%。
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| 关 键 词： | 苎麻 剥麻机 凹板 纤维 |
Design and experiment of concave type mountainous ramie decorticator |
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| Abstract: | Aiming at the problem of difficult transportation of ramie stripping machine in mountain area, a light and compact single drum reverse pull stripping machine was designed by using the way that the power part and the stripping part of the whole machine can be quickly disassembled. Firstly, using stress analysis of fiber stripping process, it was determined that the inclination angle of feeding bucket was 30°. Secondly, from structural design and theoretical analysis of the hemp stripping drum, the key factors affecting the quality of fiber stripping and the range of operation parameters were determined. Lastly, response surface method was used to optimize the experimental design with drum speed, central angle of concave plate, and decorticating clearance as the influencing factors, and fiber percentage of fresh stem and ramie fiber impurity rate as the evaluation indexes. The results showed that the order of the factors affecting the fiber percentage of fresh stem was the decorticating clearance, central angle of concave plate and drum speed, and the order of the factors affecting the ramie fiber impurity rate was the decorticating clearance, drum speed and central angle of concave plate. The optimal parameters for ramie fiber stripping were determined in this paper: the drum speed was 956 r/min, central angle of concave plate was 38° and decorticating clearance was 2 mm. Based on the optimized parameters, the production verification test of ramie stripping was carried out. The results showed that the fiber percentage of fresh stem was 4.48%, the ramie fiber impurity rate was 1.03%, and the relative error between each index and the predicted value of the model was less than 5%. |
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| Keywords: | ramie decorticator concave plate fiber |
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