| 我国Bt棉花商业化的环境影响与风险管理策略 |
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| 引用本文： | 吴孔明.我国Bt棉花商业化的环境影响与风险管理策略[J].农业生物技术学报,2007,15(1):1-4. |
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| 作者姓名： | 吴孔明 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京,100094 |
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| 基金项目： | 引进国际先进农业科技计划(948计划) |
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| 摘 要： | Bt转基因棉花于1997年在我国商业化种植，到2006年种植面积已达棉花总面积的70％。环境影响监测表明，Bt棉花有效地控制了棉铃虫和红铃虫的发生和为害，但盲蝽蟓类害虫演化上升成为棉田的主要害虫。抗性分析显示，虽然棉铃虫自然种群对Bt棉花抗性基因频率没有明显的变化，但Bt棉花髙强度种植地区的棉铃虫耐受性正逐年提高，已成为影响Bt棉花持续利用的主要因素。基于Bt棉花环境风险和影响因子的综合分析，本文讨论了Bt棉花环境风险的管理策略。
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| 关 键 词： | Bt棉花 靶标害虫 环境影响 抗性治理 |
| 文章编号： | 1006-1304（2007）01-0001-04 |
| 收稿时间： | 2007-01-05 |
| 修稿时间： | 2007-01-08 |
Environmental Impacts and Risk Management Strategies of Bt Cotton Commercialization in China |
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| WU Kong-ming.Environmental Impacts and Risk Management Strategies of Bt Cotton Commercialization in China[J].Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology,2007,15(1):1-4. |
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| Authors: | WU Kong-ming |
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| Institution: | State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases of Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100094, China |
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| Abstract: | Transgenic cotton expressing the Cry1Ac toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis has been widely planted in China since 1997, which reached to 70% of the total cotton area in 2006.The monitoring results on environmental impacts of Bt cotton commercialization indicated that the target pests, cotton bollworm(Helicoverpa armigera) and pink bollworm(Pectinophora gossypiella) were effectively controlled while the mirids(Hemiptera:Miridae) evolved to be key pests in cotton system. There were no significant changes in resistance gene frequency of field populations of cotton bollworm, but a shift toward tolerance increase was apparent in the intensive planting area of Bt cotton, indicating that potential resistance risk from the target pest has become a major threat for sustainable planting of Bt cotton. In consideration of the factors associating with the resistance evolution, risk management strategies are discussed in this paper. |
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| Keywords: | Bt cotton target pest environmental impact resistance management |
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