| 茶树密植对茶叶产量、品质及茶园生态的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 姚国坤,葛铁钧.茶树密植对茶叶产量、品质及茶园生态的影响[J].茶叶科学,1986,6(1):21-28. |
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| 作者姓名： | 姚国坤 葛铁钧 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国农业科学院茶叶研究所 ,中国农业科学院茶叶研究所 |
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| 摘 要： | 通过对不同群体结构茶园十年的试验研究,结果表明,在亩植0.4—1.2万株的范围内,建园初一、二年,随着茶树密度的增加,茶树的生物总产量和经济利用系数提高,有利于提早投产,提前收益。从种植后的第三年开始,群体和个体的矛盾日益显露,茶树表现出明显的边际生长优势;输导根增加,吸收根减少;叶片光合效率降低;个体生物产量差异显著;茶园表层土壤容重加大,孔隙度降低,透水性减弱;中下层土壤含水量减少,旱季容易出现水分亏缺,因而使各处理间的经济利用系数日益接近,密植的增产效应逐年消失。从种植后的第八、九年开始,产量持平,
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| 关 键 词： | 茶叶产量 茶园土壤 茶园生态 茶树 种植密度 栽植密度 |
Effect of Closeplanting on the Output and Quality of Tea and the Ecoenvironment of Tea Garden |
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| Abstract: | Tea gardens in different planting density treatments were studied last ten years.The results showed that in the first 1-2 years after planting,the total biologicalproduction and the economical coefficieat increased with the increase of density in therang of 60000-180000 plant/hectare.However,the positive effect of high densitybegan to decrease from the 3rd.year.The positive effecte entirlly disappeared,eventrended to have a negative effect by 8th.or 9th.year.The contradiction began toappear between the population and the individual plant from the 3rd.year.Morphologi-cally,the plants appeared to be marginal growth above the grownd,and the amountof absorbing roots decreased and conducting roots increased under the grownd.Biologi-cally speaking,the photosynthlic efficiency of tea leaves decreased in high densitytreatments.The ratio of the normal shoots to total shoots,chemical composition infreshleaves and catachine quality index decreased with the density increased.The highdensity treatments affected negalively the soil characters,for example,with the densityincreased,the unit weight of topsoil increased,the porosity and the water permeabilitydecreased,the water content in subsoil decreased,so it was easy for tea plant toappear water stress.Neverthless,the production of the treatment 240000 plant/hectarewas not so high as the treatment 180000 plant/hectare. |
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