| 木霉分生孢子和厚垣孢子对黄瓜叶片抗氧化系统及枯萎病防效的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 廉华,马光恕,靳亚忠,李梅,张帆.木霉分生孢子和厚垣孢子对黄瓜叶片抗氧化系统及枯萎病防效的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2021,39(4):71-79. |
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| 作者姓名： | 廉华 马光恕 靳亚忠 李梅 张帆 |
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| 作者单位： | 黑龙江八一农垦大学园艺园林学院,黑龙江 大庆163319;中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100081 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划（2018YFD0201202） |
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| 摘 要： | 采用前期筛选出的对黄瓜枯萎病菌有较好拮抗作用的3株木霉菌,即哈茨木霉菌(Trichoderma harzianum)809、拟康氏木霉菌(Trichoderma pseudokoningii)886和棘孢木霉菌(Trichoderma asperellum)525,利用盆栽试验,测定了木霉菌分生孢子和厚垣孢子对黄瓜幼苗抗氧化能力及对枯萎病防效的影响。结果显示:3株木霉菌分生孢子和厚垣孢子对黄瓜枯萎病的盆栽防效均在66.81%以上,且以拟康氏木霉菌886厚垣孢子防效最高,达到81.46%;当黄瓜幼苗长至三叶一心时,与CK(即只接种病原菌)相比,经哈茨木霉菌809、拟康氏木霉菌886、棘孢木霉菌525分生孢子以及厚垣孢子处理后,黄瓜幼苗叶片相对电导率和丙二醛(MDA)含量均呈下降趋势,而保护性酶包括过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性则呈上升趋势,其中以拟康氏木霉菌886厚垣孢子的变化幅度最显著;拟康氏木霉菌886厚垣孢子处理的黄瓜幼苗叶片相对电导率、MDA含量分别比CK下降了47.74%、41.40%;而叶片中的POD、CAT、APX、SOD活性则分别比CK增加了318.11%、155.36%、157.09%和300.34%。研究表明3株木霉菌分生孢子和厚垣孢子均能通过改善黄瓜幼苗叶片抗氧化能力,增加保护酶活性,提高了对黄瓜枯萎病的防治效果。
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| 关 键 词： | 木霉 分生孢子 厚坦孢子 枯萎病 抗氧化能力 黄瓜 |
Effects of Trichoderma conidia and chlamydospore on cucumber leaf antioxidant system and control efficacy of fusarium wilt in cucumber |
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| LIAN Hu,MA Guangshu,JIN Yazhong,LI Mei,ZHANG Fan.Effects of Trichoderma conidia and chlamydospore on cucumber leaf antioxidant system and control efficacy of fusarium wilt in cucumber[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2021,39(4):71-79. |
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| Authors: | LIAN Hu MA Guangshu JIN Yazhong LI Mei ZHANG Fan |
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| Institution: | College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China;Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China |
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| Abstract: | Cucumber fusarium wilt is one of the major destructive soil\|borne diseases in cucumber production, and the application of biocontrol fungi to control cucumber wilt has a great significance in cucumber safe production. In this study, the effect of Trichoderma conidia and chlamydospore on antioxidant capacity and control efficacy against fusarium wilt in cucumber through pot culture were evaluated. The three Trichoderma strains were Trichoderma harzianum 809, Trichoderma pseudokoningii 886, and Trichoderma asperellum 525 with anti\|fusarium oxysporum activity. The results showed that the control efficacy of conidia and chlamydospore of three Trichoderma strains against fusarium wilt in cucumber were all above 66.81%, and chlamydospore of T. asperellum 886 was the most effective, with disease control efficacy of 81.46%. Compared with CK (application only the pathogen of fusarium wilt), relative conductivity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content of cucumber seedlings continuously decreased under conidia and chlamydospore of three Trichoderma strains, while protective enzymes including peroxidase activity, catalase activity, ascorbate peroxidase activity and superoxide dismutase activity of cucumber seedlings continuously increased at three leaves and one heart period. Of which chlamydospore of T. asperellum 886 was the most effective. Relative conductivity and malondialdehyde content of cucumber seedlings decreased 47.74% and 41.40% respectively, when compared to CK. Peroxidase activity, catalase activity, ascorbate peroxidase activity and superoxide dismutase activity of cucumber seedlings increased 318.11%, 155.36%, 157.09% and 300.34% respectively compared with CK treatment. The results showed that all three Trichoderma strains in this study improved the ability of antioxidant capacity and protective enzyme activities as well as the control efficacy of fusarium wilt in cucumber. This study provided guidance for efficient use of Trichoderma and safe production of cucumber. |
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| Keywords: | Trichoderma conidia chlamydospore fusarium wilt antioxidant capacity cucumber |
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