| 猪粪对黑土-水稻系统中铜的化学形态、生物积累和有效性的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 马荣辉,朱蕊,宗玉统,卢升高.猪粪对黑土-水稻系统中铜的化学形态、生物积累和有效性的影响[J].浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2012(1):108-118. |
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| 作者姓名： | 马荣辉 朱蕊 宗玉统 卢升高 |
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| 作者单位： | 浙江大学环境与资源学院浙江省亚热带土壤与植物营养重点实验室/污染环境修复与生态健康教育部重点实验室 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展计划“973”资助项目(2011CB100502) |
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| 摘 要： | 采用盆栽实验研究猪粪对铜(Cu)在土壤-水稻系统中的化学形态、生物积累和有效性的影响.结果表明:土壤中人为添加的Cu主要以有机结合态和残留态存在,随着土壤中Cu含量的增加,碳酸盐结合态、铁锰氧化物结合态和有机结合态Cu比例增加,其中碳酸盐结合态和有机结合态Cu的增加速率最快,添加1%猪粪能减少土壤Cu的迁移能力,促使非结合态Cu离子向结合态转化;添加1%猪粪处理可以显著降低水提取态和二乙基三胺五乙酸-三乙醇胺(DTPA-TEA)提取态Cu的量(P<0.01),使毒性特性溶出程序(TCLP)提取态Cu的量有少量增加,但没达到显著水平;相比1%猪粪处理,添加3%的猪粪有相反的效果.对水稻不同部位Cu含量测定结果表明:与根部相比,水稻地上部分Cu含量很低;w(Cu)≥400mg爛kg-1处理中米粉Cu含量超过国家食品卫生标准(GB 15199-1994,w(Cu)≤10mg爛kg-1),添加猪粪能使水稻各部分Cu含量显著降低(P<0.01),以1%猪粪处理效果最佳;适量添加猪粪到Cu污染土壤中可以降低Cu的生物有效性,但大量猪粪的长期施用导致土壤中Cu的积累会带来严重的环境生态安全问题.
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| 关 键 词： | 猪粪 黑土-水稻系统 铜 化学形态 生物积累 生物有效性 |
Cu fractions,accumulation and bioavailability in black soil-rice system affected by application of pig manures |
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| MA Rong-hui,ZHU Rui,ZONG Yu-tong,LU Sheng-gao.Cu fractions,accumulation and bioavailability in black soil-rice system affected by application of pig manures[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Agriculture & Life Sciences),2012(1):108-118. |
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| Authors: | MA Rong-hui ZHU Rui ZONG Yu-tong LU Sheng-gao |
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| Institution: | (Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil and Plant Nutrition / Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health,College of Environmental and Resource Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China) |
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| Abstract: | Pot experiments were conducted to examine the copper(Cu) fractions,mobility,availability and uptake by rice in black soil affected by application of pig manure(PM). The results indicated that Cu was predominately distributed in organic and residual-bound fractions,while the percentages of carbonate and organic-bound fractions increased with increasing Cu concentrations in soil.The application of PM at the rate of 1% significantly reduced the DW(deionied water)-and DTPA-extractable Cu(P < 0.01),but the increase in the amounts of TCLP(toxicity characteristics leaching procedure)-extractable Cu was not significant.The application of PM at the rate of 1% significantly declined the Cu mobility,effectively transformed soil Cu from soluble fractions to stable forms,but application of PM at the rate of 3% exhibited the opposite effect.The uptake of Cu by rice was very low compared with quantities accumulated in soil,however Cu concentrations in grains approached threshold level(GB 15199-1994,Cu ≤ 10 mg·kg-1) after Cu application of ≥ 400 mg·kg-1 in soil.The application of PM at the rate of 1% significantly reduced Cu concentrations in rice plant tissues(P < 0.01).The results also suggested that pig manure application with moderate Cu enrichment could decline Cu bioavailability in Cu contaminated soil,but long-term and excessive amount of PM had a phototoxic effect and presented a potential threat to human health.Therefore,much attention should be paid regarding application of pig manures with high amount Cu for environmental and food safety. |
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| Keywords: | pig manure black soil-rice system copper chemical fractions biological accumulation bioavailability |
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