| 不同施氮水平对加工番茄养分吸收、分配及产量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 汤明尧,张炎,胡伟,胡国智,李青军,姚银坤,高媛.不同施氮水平对加工番茄养分吸收、分配及产量的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2010,16(5):1238-1245. |
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| 作者姓名： | 汤明尧 张炎 胡伟 胡国智 李青军 姚银坤 高媛 |
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| 基金项目： | 国际植物营养研究所(IPNI)项目，中国科学院科技支新工程项目资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 根据供试土壤的养分状况,通过2年不同施氮水平的田间小区试验,2007年设施N 0、135、270、405 kg/hm2四个水平,2008年设施N0、150、300、450 kg/hm2四个水平,在加工番茄的主要生育期,测定植株生物量和不同器官氮、磷、钾含量,并结合成熟期产量,研究不同施氮水平对加工番茄养分吸收、分配及产量的影响。结果表明,加工番茄对氮、钾需求量远大于磷;加工番茄干物质及氮、磷、钾养分的积累动态均呈"S"型增长;施氮可以极大地促进加工番茄植株对氮、磷、钾的吸收,各施氮处理比不施氮处理多吸收氮75.8%～189.2%,多吸收磷49.4%～162.7%,多吸收钾60.7%～176.8%;在一定的施氮范围内,吸收氮、磷、钾的量随施氮量增加而增加;植株吸收的养分最终50%以上都聚集在果实中;在施用磷、钾肥的基础上合理施用氮肥可以显著提高加工番茄的经济产量,2007和2008年增产分别达43.8%和114.3%;过量施氮可造成加工番茄贪青晚熟,但可以通过后期合理增施氮肥,作为解决加工番茄采收期短、加工紧张问题的一个辅助措施。
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| 关 键 词： | 加工番茄 氮肥 养分吸收 养分分配 产量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2009-05-18 |
Effects of different nitrogen rates on nutrition absorption, distribution and yield in tomato |
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| TANG Ming-yao,ZHANG Yan,HU Wei,HU Guo-zhi,LI Qing-jun,YAO Yin-kun,GAO Yuan.Effects of different nitrogen rates on nutrition absorption, distribution and yield in tomato[J].Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science,2010,16(5):1238-1245. |
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| Authors: | TANG Ming-yao ZHANG Yan HU Wei HU Guo-zhi LI Qing-jun YAO Yin-kun GAO Yuan |
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| Abstract: | The effects of N fertilization on the nutrition absorption, distribution in tomato and yield were studied under field condition for two years. Fully considered the initial nutrition status of experimental soils, four nitrogen rates of 0, 135, 207, 405 kg/ha in 2007 and 0, 150, 300, 450 kg/ha in 2008 were set up, respectively. Plant biomass and N, P2O5, K2O concentration in different organics of tomato plant at different growth phases were analyzed. Yield of tomato were also measured. The results were as follows: Tomato absorbed much more nitrogen and potassium than phosphorus. An S type dynamic accumulation of plant biomass, N, P2O5 and K2O was observed throughout whole growing period. Nitrogen fertilization could promote absorption of N, P2O5 and K2O remarkably. N application could increase absorption of N by 75.8%-189.2%, P2O5 by 49.4%-162.7%, and K by 60.7%-176.8% compared to N0 treatment. Absorption of N, P2O5 and K2O increased with increasing of N fertilization within a certain range. Almost 50% of N, P2O5 and K2O absorbed accumulated in the fruit of tomato at autumn. Rational application of N could increase yield by 43.8% and 114.3% respectively compared to control in 2007 and 2008. Excessive nitrogen application resulted in can cause tomato late-maturing. However, we could take advantage of it as an auxiliary measure to tackle the problem of short picking time and process of tomato. |
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| Keywords: | tomato nitrogen fertilizer nutrition absorption nutrition distribution yield |
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