Multiple Beneficial Health Effects of Natural Alkylglycerols from Shark Liver Oil |
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| Authors: | Anne-Laure Deniau Paul Mosset Frédérique Pédrono Romain Mitre Damien Le Bot Alain B Legrand |
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| Institution: | 1. Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Moléculaire, Université de Rennes 1, France; E-Mails: (A.-L.D.); (F.P.); (R.M.); (D.L.B.);2. Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes and Université Européenne de Bretagne, France; E-Mail: |
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| Abstract: | Alkylglycerols (alkyl-Gro) are ether lipids abundant in the liver of some elasmobranch fish species such as ratfishes and some sharks. Shark liver oil from Centrophorus squamosus (SLO), or alkyl-Gro mix from this source, have several in vivo biological activities including stimulation of hematopoiesis and immunological defences, sperm quality improvement, or anti-tumor and anti-metastasis activities. Several mechanisms are suggested for these multiple activities, resulting from incorporation of alkyl-Gro into membrane phospholipids, and lipid signaling interactions. Natural alkyl-Gro mix from SLO contains several alkyl-Gro, varying by chain length and unsaturation. Six prominent constituents of natural alkyl-Gro mix, namely 12:0, 14:0, 16:0, 18:0, 16:1 n-7, and 18:1 n-9 alkyl-Gro, were synthesized and tested for anti-tumor and anti-metastatic activities on a model of grafted tumor in mice (3LL cells). 16:1 and 18:1 alkyl-Gro showed strong activity in reducing lung metastasis number, while saturated alkyl- Gro had weaker (16:0) or no (12:0, 14:0, 18:0) effect. Multiple compounds and mechanisms are probably involved in the multiple activities of natural alkyl-Gro. |
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| Keywords: | alkylglycerols shark liver oil ether lipids immunostimulation anti-tumor activities |
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