| 瓜类蔬菜嫁接砧木生长点去除机构设计与试验 |
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| 引用本文： | 楼建忠,李建平,朱盘安.瓜类蔬菜嫁接砧木生长点去除机构设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(23):64-69. |
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| 作者姓名： | 楼建忠 李建平 朱盘安 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 浙江大学生物系统工程与食品科学学院,杭州 310029; 浙江机电职业技术学院机械技术系,杭州 310053;2. 浙江大学生物系统工程与食品科学学院,杭州 310029; 农业部设施农业装备与信息化重点实验室,杭州 310029;3. 温州科技职业学院,温州,325006 |
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| 基金项目： | 浙江省科技厅公益基金项目（2014C32105）;江苏省现代农业装备与技术协同创新中心项目"农业装备智能控制技术"（NZXT01201602）;浙江省科技厅重大科技专项资助项目（2008C02006-4） |
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| 摘 要： | 针对现有瓜科嫁接机砧木生长点去除不干净,以及生长点去除过程中砧木苗易损伤的缺点,该文以葫芦苗为试验对象,通过瓜科蔬菜砧木苗生长点去除理论运动轨迹分析和对生长点去除机构的动力学分析,设计开发了一种应用于瓜科蔬菜嫁接的生长点去除机构,该机构利用模仿人工方法通过手指去除生长点的原理,采用曲柄连杆机构外加柔性手指,实现生长点的去除。试验结果表明,砧木苗在13~17 d培育期间内,所设计的机构能较好地去除砧木苗生长点,去除成功率达90%以上,伤苗率小于5%,所研发的瓜科蔬菜嫁接砧木生长点去除机构是可行的。该研究可为解决蔬菜嫁接砧木苗生长点去除困难提供参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 农业机械 嫁接 砧木 生长点 柔性去除 连杆机构 运动分析 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015/12/31 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2016/10/21 0:00:00 |
Design and test on growing point removal mechanism of melon vegetable grafting stock |
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| Lou Jianzhong,Li Jianping and Zhu Pan''an.Design and test on growing point removal mechanism of melon vegetable grafting stock[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2016,32(23):64-69. |
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| Authors: | Lou Jianzhong Li Jianping and Zhu Pan'an |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China; 2. Department of Mechanical Technology, Zhejiang Institute of Mechanical &Electrical Engineering, Hangzhou 310053, China,1. College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China; 4. Key Laboratory of Equipment and Informatization in Environment Controlled Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310029, China and 3. Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou 325006, China |
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| Abstract: | Abstract: Grafting has been widely used in production of melon vegetables, which can effectively prevent vegetable diseases and ensure the quality of vegetables. Different from manual grafting method with low efficiency and low survival rate, vegetable grafting machine significantly reduces the labor intensity and improves the productivity. Insert-type machine does not need to fix the plant that is grafted, and only needs to insert scion directly into the stock, which is easy to operate. It can avoid removing the cotyledon of stock and retain the nutrients, which make the plant more likely to survive after grafting. It has been widely applied at present. Removal of growing point of melon vegetable stock is one of the key problems which need to be solved for this kind of grafting machine designing. The incomplete removal of growing point will lead to the regrowing of growing point, which will affect the joint of scion and stock, even need to use artificial method to remove the growing point again. In this paper, the growing point removal mechanism of melon vegetable grafting was designed. By imitating human finger in conjunction with each joint, the growing point was removed from the stock without being damaged. Through analyzing the trajectory of the removal of growing point, the implementation of growing point forming principle, and establishing the growing point removal model, the stock growing point removal mechanism was designed in order to solve the problems of incomplete removal of growing point and the stock easy to be damaged in removal process. Finger has good flexibility in the removal of the growing point, and the force is automatically reduced through joint buffer when the force is too large, so the finger does not hurt the cotyledons. Finger can instantly bend when it reaches the bottom, which is resulting from the action of removing growth point and makes the growing point divorced from stock. This provides the design basis for the growth point removal mechanism. The movement of the growing pointer removal finger is driven by the crank connecting rod mechanism. When the growing point removal mechanism is close to the growing point, the arc movement is instantly generated and the removal of the growth point of the stock is realized. Because the expansion joint is designed, the removal mechanism of the growth point can realize the removal of the growth point flexibly and avoid the damage of the stock. Under the given conditions, 9 groups of stocks were selected in experimental study. And the experiment results showed that the mechanism could remove the growing point easily, the success rate of the growing point removal reached more than 90%, and the injury rate was less than 5%, which confirmed that the growing point removal mechanism could effectively solve the problems of stock growing point''s incomplete removal and stock easy to be injured. Thus, the new growing point removal mechanism can satisfy the requirements for vegetable grafting. It provides a new kind of structure and design ideas for solving the problem of stock seedling damage and growing point removal difficulty. The main reason to the failure of the growing point removal is individual stock stem''s serious distortion, and clamping and positioning being very difficult for the grafting machine. In addition, there is individual growth point deviating from center point obviously, which interferes with the removal mechanism, so it is hoped that the mechanism design will get further improvement in the future. |
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| Keywords: | agricultural machinery graft stock seeding growing point flexible removal connecting rod mechanism motion analysis |
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