| 生物有机肥对番茄青枯病的防效研究及机理初探 |
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| 引用本文： | 肖相政,刘可星,廖宗文.生物有机肥对番茄青枯病的防效研究及机理初探[J].农业环境科学学报,2009,28(11). |
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| 作者姓名： | 肖相政 刘可星 廖宗文 |
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| 作者单位： | 华南农业大学新肥料资源研究中心,广东,广州,510642 |
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| 基金项目： | 农业部948项目，广州市科技计划项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 以有机废弃物堆置腐熟后添加枯草芽孢杆菌、短小芽孢杆菌等功能菌制成两种生物有机肥FBOF1和FBOF2,采用盆栽试验方法,研究了上述生物有机肥对番茄青枯病的防效,同时对其作用机理进行了初步探讨.结果表明,施用生物有机肥后,番茄青枯病病情指数降低,防病效果达27.6%～69.0%,与对照相比差异显著,同时植株中多酚氧化酶、苯丙氨酸解氨酶、过氧化物酶活性明显提高.96 h时施用FBOFI和FBOF2处理的多酚氧化酶活性分别为5.78、4.98 U·g~(-1)·min~(-1),比对照高53.7%和32.4%;苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性96 h时分别为1.56、0.77 U·g~(-1)·h~(-1),比对照高205.9%和51.0%;对过氧化物酶活性而言,96 h时差异更为明显,施用生物有机肥后其活性分别为0.79、0.42 U·g~(-1)·min~(-1),而对照仅为0.14 U·g~(-1)·min~(-1).此外,施用生物有机肥后土壤微生物功能多样性提高,从培养48 h的结果看,15、25、40 d的AWCD值都高于对照,其中FBOF2第40 d时的AWCD值与对照相比差异显著,分别为1.010 7和0.505 3.从试验结果还可看出,生物有机肥影响根围土壤中青枯菌和主要微生物类群数量,施用生物有机肥后,土壤中细菌和放线菌数量增加,而青枯菌数量则明显下降.
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| 关 键 词： | 生物有机肥 番茄青枯病 防治效果 作用机理 |
Disease-control Effect and Mechanism Research of Biological Organic Fertilizer on Tomato Bacterial Wilt |
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| XIAO Xiang-zheng,LIU Ke-xing,LIAO Zong-wen.Disease-control Effect and Mechanism Research of Biological Organic Fertilizer on Tomato Bacterial Wilt[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science( J. Agro-Environ. Sci.),2009,28(11). |
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| Authors: | XIAO Xiang-zheng LIU Ke-xing LIAO Zong-wen |
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| Abstract: | Two kinds of biological organic fertilizer FBOF1 and FBOF2 were made based on the decomposed organic wastes, in which the functional bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus et al. Were appended, and applied on the control of tomato bacterial wilt. Meanwhile, the working mechanism was researched.The results indicated that the disease index of tomato bacterial wilt decreased and the disease-control effect reached 27.6%～69.0% after utilizing the biological organic fertilizer, and the difference was obvious compared with the untreated. The activities of polyphenol oxidase, phenylalanine ammonia lyase and peroxidase in plants improved. The activities of polyphenol oxidase for FBOF1 and FBOF2 were 5.78,4.98 U·g~(-1)·min~(-1) respectively in 96 h, and 53.7%, 32.4% higher than the untreated. For the phenylalanine ammonia lyase, the activities were 1.56, 0.77 U·g~(-1)·h~(-1), and 205.9%, 51.0% higher compared with the untreated. However, for the peroxidase, the difference was more obvious, and the activities for FBOF1, FBOF2 reached 0.79, 0.42 U·g~(-1)·min~(-1), whereas the untreated was 0.14 U · g~(-1) · min~(-1) only. In addition, the soil microbiology diversity increased after applying the biological organic fertilizer. The results of cultivation for 48 h indicated that the treated AWCD of 15 d, 25 d, 40 d were all higher than the untreated, among which the 40 d' AWCD of FBOF2 reached the significant differences. The research also showed that the amounts of Ralstonia solanacearum and the microbial kinds in the rhizosphere soil were affected by biological organic fertilizer. The numbers of bacterium and actinomyces increased, while for the Ralstonia solanacearum it reduced evidently. |
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| Keywords: | biological organic fertilizer tomato bacterial wilt disease-control effect acting mechanism |
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