Crop residue contributions to phosphorus pools in agricultural soils: A review |
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| Institution: | 1. The James Hutton Institute, Aberdeen AB15 8QH, UK;2. The James Hutton Institute, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK;3. Rothamsted Research North Wyke, Okehampton, Devon EX20 2SB, UK;4. College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK;5. CSIRO Plant Industry, Black Mountain, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia;6. Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, Canterbury, New Zealand;7. Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, LA1 4YQ, UK;8. Institute of Bio and Geosciences, Agrosphere, Forschungszentrum Jülich IBG-3, 52428 Jülich, Germany;1. Department of Crop Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, 1780 José Barbosa de Barros St., 18610-307 Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil;2. National Soil Erosion Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, 275 S. Russell St., 47907 West Lafayette, IN, United States;1. University of São Paulo, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, Soil Science Department, Pádua Dias Av., 11, Box 9, Zip code 13418-900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil;2. School of Environment, Natural Resources and Geography, Bangor University, Bangor LL57 2UW, UK |
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| Abstract: | The phosphorus (P) content of crop residues and its availability to a subsequent crop can range from agronomically insignificant, to quantities in excess of crop P requirement. However, the contribution of crop residues to the P nutrition of subsequent crops has not been widely recognised, and simple predictive tools are lacking. By reviewing the published literature in which quantitative measurements of P transformations from plant residues applied to soil have been reported, we have evaluated the contribution of crop residue-derived P to the P nutrition of subsequent crops, assessed the key factors involved and summarised the knowledge as an empirical model. The contribution of crop residues to P availability is likely to be significant only under conditions where large amounts of crop residues of relatively high P concentration are applied to soil. Crop residues with low P concentration, such as cereal stubble (eg. due to re-translocation of a large proportion of stubble P into grain), will not make an agronomically significant contribution to soil P availability, but may reduce P availability due to assimilation in the microbial biomass. However, a productive green manure crop may release sufficient P to meet the requirements of a subsequent cash crop. The release of P from crop residues is significantly reduced in systems where the P-status of crops and soils is low, which reinforces the reliance on external P inputs for sustained crop productivity. The large variability in the potential contributions of plant residues to the P nutrition of subsequent crops suggests that there is a strong need to integrate model predictions of organically-cycled P with fertiliser management strategies. |
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| Keywords: | Organic matter Microbial phosphorus Mineralisation Phosphate Soil phosphorus pools |
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