| 近57年中国大陆高温天气的变化特征分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 成孝平,白晓平.近57年中国大陆高温天气的变化特征分析[J].安徽农业科学,2014(9):2677-2680. |
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| 作者姓名： | 成孝平 白晓平 |
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| 作者单位： | 兰州大学大气科学学院;中国人民解放军94195部队; |
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| 摘 要： | 利用我国740个气象站1951 ～ 2007年气温资料,采用统计分析方法,分析了我国各地区平均最高气温和极端最高气温57年来的多年变化特征.结果表明,我国北方趋势变化并不明显,20世纪80年代后期有明显上升,西南地区80年代后期急剧下降,长江流域以南60年代降温后变化不大,青藏高原变化较小.我国年平均最高气温的变化80年代初为最低时期,此后呈现明显的升温;极端最高温度的变化趋势有明显的地域性差异,长江流域地区、黄河下游地区极端最高温度90年代前表现出降温趋势.中国大陆气温南北变化平均温度、平均最高温度区域差异有很好的一致性,均由北至南逐渐升高,东北地区极端最高气温与平均最高气温差和极端最高气温与平均气温差均为区域间最大,西北西部次之,西南最小;平均最高气温与平均气温差青藏高原为最大,长江中下游和华南地区为最小.
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| 关 键 词： | 高温天气 变化特征 中国大陆 |
Analysis on Characteristics of Changes in Hot Weather of Mainland China over the Past 57 Years |
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| Institution: | CHENG Xiao-ping et al ( College of Atmospheric Sciences of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000) |
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| Abstract: | Based on temperature data of 740 stations in China in 1951 -2007 and using statistical analysis method, this paper analyzed characteristics of changes in hot weather of mainland China over the past 57 years. Results showed that the change trend is not significant in north China. In the late 1980s, the temperaure rose obviously in north China, while it dropped sharply in southwest areas. In south of the Yangtze River valley, there was no great change after the 1960s and the temperature change was little in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. In the early period of 1980s, the annual average maximum temperature of China had the lowest change. From then on, there was obvious temperature rise. In addition, change of extreme maximum temperature takes on significant regional difference, and there is high consistency in average change of temperature in south China and north China and regional difference in average maximum temperature. Both gradually rise from north to south. The northeast area is the highest in the difference between the extreme maximum temperature and average maximum temperature and between the extreme maximum temperature and average temperature, followed by northwest area, and the lowest is southwest area. Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the highest in the difference between average maximum temperature and the average temperature, followed by middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River, and the lowest is south China. |
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| Keywords: | Hot weather Characteristics of change Mainland China |
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