Rice-based crop rotation for enhancing native arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) activity to improve phosphorus nutrition of upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) |
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| Authors: | Dipankar Maiti Rama Kant Singh and Mukund Variar |
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| Institution: | (1) Central Rainfed Upland Rice Research Station (Central Rice Research Institute, ICAR), PB 48, Hazaribag, 825 301, Jharkhand, India |
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| Abstract: | Two-year rice (Oryza sativa L.)-based crop rotation of “maize (Zea mays L.) relay cropped by horse gram (Dolichos biflorus L.) in the first year followed by upland rice in the second year”, was reported earlier to increase phosphorus (P) uptake
by rice through enhancing native arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) activities. This crop rotation was compared with three other
rice-based crop rotations practiced by the upland rice farmers of eastern India for AM-mediated P acquisition of upland rice
through on-farm experiment in farmers' participatory mode during wet seasons of 2004, 2005, 2006, and 2007 in fixed plots.
The farmers' rotations included (1) green gram (Phaseolus aureus) in first year followed by upland rice in second year; (2) black gram (Phaseolus mungo) in first year followed by upland rice in second year; and (3) radish (Raphanus sativus) in first year followed by upland rice in second year. “Maize–horse gram/rice” rotation encouraged maximum native AM fungal
colonization (10.4–38.8%) and P uptake (2.2–2.6 mg P/g plant) by rice over other three farmers' rotations tested. Rice grain
yield was also highest (2.25–2.35 t/ha) in the maize–horse gram/rice rotation. |
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