| 广西岩滩水库不同养殖类型区域沉积物磷分布特征分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 雷建军,王大鹏,肖俊军,何安尤,李育森.广西岩滩水库不同养殖类型区域沉积物磷分布特征分析[J].南方农业学报,2017,48(12):2288-2294. |
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| 作者姓名： | 雷建军 王大鹏 肖俊军 何安尤 李育森 |
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| 作者单位： | 广西水产科学研究院/广西水产遗传育种与健康养殖重点实验室,南宁,530021河池市水产技术推广站,广西 河池,547000 |
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| 基金项目： | 农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项项目广西社会公益研究项目广西水产畜牧兽医局科技计划项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的]评价广西岩滩水库不同养殖类型区域在不同季节的沉积物磷分布特征和释放潜力,为科学发展库区养殖业提供参考依据.方法]在广西岩滩库区选择非养殖区(T0)、投饵网箱养殖区(T1)、生态网箱养殖区(T2)和围栏养殖区(T3)各3个站位,于2016年3月(春季)、6月(夏季)、9月(秋季)和12月(冬季)分别采集12个站位的表层沉积物,以淡水沉积物磷形态的标准测试法(SMT)测定各种形态磷含量.结果]不同养殖类型区域表层沉积物磷含量差别明显,整体上表现为T1/T2>T3>T0,T1和T2的沉积物磷含量差异仅表现在投饵季节(夏季和秋季).不同养殖类型区域沉积物中的铁铝磷(Fe/Al-P)和钙磷(Ca-P)比例差异明显,且二者通常呈反比关系;无机磷(IP)的比例虽然最高,但各养殖区域间差异不显著(P>0.05).T0只有Fe/Al-P比例存在明显的季节差异,T1各形态磷比例均具有明显的季节差异,T2的Ca-P比例无季节差异,但冬季的Fe/Al-P比例显著高于其他季节(P<0.05),而T3只有Ca-P比例表现出季节差异,其他形态磷均不存在季节差异.各形态磷与总磷(TP)的相关性分析结果表明,IP与TP的相关性最高,相关系数(R2)达0.9632;而有机磷(OP)与TP的相关性最低,对应的相关系数为0.5785.结论]各种养殖类型均可提高库区沉积物中的磷含量和释放潜力,尤其生态网箱养殖在冬季对磷的释放潜力提升作用最明显.在库区开展水产养殖时即使采用生态养殖模式,也要注意在不同区域实施轮养,避免局部水域因营养盐累积而造成底质恶化.
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| 关 键 词： | 养殖类型 沉积物 磷 分布特征 广西岩滩水库 |
Distribution characteristics of phosphorus in sediments from different aquaculture areas in Yantan Reservoir,Guangxi |
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| LEI Jian-jun,WANG Da-peng,XIAO Jun-jun,HE An-you,LI Yu-sen.Distribution characteristics of phosphorus in sediments from different aquaculture areas in Yantan Reservoir,Guangxi[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2017,48(12):2288-2294. |
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| Authors: | LEI Jian-jun WANG Da-peng XIAO Jun-jun HE An-you LI Yu-sen |
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| Abstract: | Objective]Sediment phosphorus distribution characteristics and potential releasing in different types of aquaculture area in Yantan Reservoir,Guangxi were evaluated to provide reference for scientific development of aquacul-ture in the reservoir.Method]In Yantan Reservoir,three stations from each following areas were selected:non-aquacul-ture area(T0),feeding cage aquaculture area(T1),ecological cage aquaculture area(T2)and fencing aquaculture area (T3). Surface sediment from 12 stations were collected in March(spring),June(summer),September(autumn)and De-cember(winter)of 2016,and standard measurements and testing(SMT)method was used to determinate contents of each form of phosphorus in phosphorus out of fresh water sediment.Result]Phosphorus content in surface sediment from dif-ferent aquaculture areas were different,the order of phosphorus contents was T1/T2>T3>T0.The sediment phosphorus content of T1 and T2 only varied in feeding seasons(summer and spring).The proportions of Fe/Al-P and Ca-P in sedi-ment from different aquaculture areas were obviously different,but the two were usually in inverse relation.The propor-tion of inorganic phosphorus(IP)was high,but the differences among various areas were insignificant(P>0.05).In T0, only proportion of Fe/Al-P had obvious seasonal difference;in T1,all phosphorus forms had obvious seasonal difference;in T2,proportion of Ca-P had no seasonal difference,but proportion of Fe/Al-P in winter was significantly higher than in other seasons(P<0.05);in T3,all forms of phosphorus excepted Ca-P had no seasonal difference.The correlation analy-sis between various phosphorus forms and total phosphorus(TP)showed that the correlation between IP and TP was the highest with correlation coefficient(R2)being 0.963,and the correlation between organic phosphorus(OP)and TP the lowest with correlation coefficient being 0.578.Conclusion]All aquaculture types can improve the phosphorus content and release potential in sediment in the reservoir,and ecological cage aquaculture can utmostly unleash the potential of phosphorus in winter.Operating aquaculture in reservoirs should carry out ecological aquaculture and alternate culture in different areas to avoid substrate environment worsening in partial waters due to nutrients accumulation. |
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